定语从句解题三部曲

定语从句解题三部曲 石家庄实验中学 李霞 定语从句解题的难点和重点是关系词的选用，总结为三字：一“找”二“还”三“替” 1.找：就是找出先行词即被修饰的名词和代词 2.代：把先行词代入定语从句，还原成一个完整的句子（可以添加介词）3.替：用关系词替代先行词一、类型总结1） 先行词在定语从句中做主语、宾语、表语、定语用关系代词 指人时可以用who（主语）, whom（宾语） 也可用that（主语、宾语、表语）。 指物时可以用which（主语、宾语、表语）, 也可用that。 Eg. A true friend is the person _can share all our sadness and double all our happiness. 第一步：找到先行词the person 第二步：把先行词代入后还原成完整的一句话为： The person can share all our sadness and double all our happiness. 第三步：用who代替2）如果定语从句的类型是介词+关系代词或代词，数词，名词+of +关系代词，关系代词 用 which(指物) /whom （指人） Eg. We shouldnt spent our money testing so many people, most of _are healthy. 第一步：找到先行词 people 第二步：还原后：Most of the people are healthy. 第三步：根据定语从句的类型判断，先行词是人则用whom 3）代入先行词时加s,则用whose （做定语） The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. 第一步：找到先行词the writer 第二步：还原后：The writers story shows the most imagination. 第三步：用whose代替 the writers4）添加了介词后,介宾结构做状语用介词+关系代词(which/whom) ，如果先行词是时间、 地点、原因 则可换成关系副词when ,where, why。 Eg. Wind power is an ancient source of energy _we may return in the near future. 第一步：找到先行词source of energy 第二步：还原后：we may return to this source of energy. 添加了to 第三步：用to which 替换 Eg. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks. 第一步：找到先行词refrigerator 第二步：还原后：In the refrigerator it will keep for two or three weeks. 第三步：用in which /where 代替in the refrigerator。 5）代指整个句子，常用which和as 限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个的名词或代词;非限制性定语从句的先行词既可 以是单个的名词或代词,也可以是整个句子或其中一部分。 Eg. Mike sold the house, which made his father very angry. (先行词为逗号前的整个句子,即卖房子这件事) 二、牛刀小试1. But it wasnt long before I realized that I had to go to the bookstore to get a reference book _our teacher had asked us to buy. 2. I have little time in the morning, for I have to hurry to my office _ is quite far from my home. 3. We went through a period _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. 4. The old temple, _ roof was damaged in storm, is now under repair. 5. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before. 6. All the neighbor admire this family, _the parents are treating their child like a friend.7. _is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.8. His father is an engineer,_ makes him feel very proud.Keys: 1. which 2.which 3. when 4. whose 5. whom 6. where 7. As 8. which 三、难点延伸 以上示例是较简单的定语从句，定语从句紧跟先行词，但有时由于先行词后有与之关系更为紧密的成分（多是介词短语）或为了保持句子平衡，造成先行词和关系词的分开，这种定语从句叫做分隔定语从句。解这种定语从句时关键是找对先行词，找的对不对代入看句意是否顺畅，成分是否完整。1.Youll find taxis waiting at the bus station _ you can hire to reach your host family.2.She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.3. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area _ urgently needed clean water , medicine and shelter to survive.4. Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _I met in the English speech contest last year.5.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.Keys: 1. which 2.which 3. who 4. whom 5. whom 6.when个人简介： 李霞 ，女，1979年出生，本科学历，中学高级教师。2004至今一直担任班主任，英语备课组组长。所带的1111班在2014年高考中在14个平行班中成绩突出，