定语从句讲义

定语从句讲义在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。从句放在所修饰词（即先行词）之后，由关系副词或关系代词引导。关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间且作为定语从句的一个句子成分。 关系代词： who whom whose which that 关系副词：where when why关系代词 特点：这些关系代词在定语从句中作主语和宾语，作主语时关系代词不可省略，作宾语时可以省略。1 当先行词指人时用who/whom, 若在句中作主语则用who, 作宾语时则用whom; e.g. 1 The young man who is sitting beside Mr. Liu is my brother. 先行词 关系代词坐在刘先生旁边的那个男人是我的弟弟。 2 Who is the girl whom you just said goodbye to ? 3 我喜欢的那个女孩没有在这儿。. 4 光彩和你说话的那个人是我们的老师。 5 The girls who werent badly hurt in the accident are my classmates. 2 当先行词指物时用which; whose是who和which的所有格形式，表示”.的” ；e.g. 1 A plane is a machine which can fly. 先行词 关系代词 2 I want to show you the shop which is the nearest from here. 3 我放在桌子上的那件大衣是黑色的。4 我正在听的那个音乐是非常美妙的。 3 that既可以指人也可以指物。e.g. 1 The story that you told me yesterday was really interesting.先行词 关系代词2 The blouse that is made of silk is expensive. I cant afford it.3 我想要玩你上周给我看的那个游戏。4 我昨天看的那本书是古龙写的。【例题】1 I hate people _ talk much but do little. A whom B which C who D when 解析 定语从句的先行词指人且关系代词作主语，故选C 2 The book _ he bought yesterday is very interesting. A / B why C when D what 3 I am looking at the photo _you sent me with your letter. A who B whom C which D it【注意】如果序数词、形容词最高级修饰先行词或先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代词或先行词有the only修饰时， 要用关系代词that 引导。e.g. This is the first time that we meet each other. 【解析】由于这句话中的的先行词是time,而且先行词被序数词first修饰，故用that 而不用which.2 That is all that you should let you know.3 The children like the second lesson that is about “The football match”. 4 这是我通过的最优意思的故事。5 这是能使我们快乐的一切东西。关系副词 特点：关系副词在定语从句中代替先行词，作状语，不可省略。1 when 指时间 在定语从句中作时间状语。 e.g. 1 I will never forget the time when I first reached Beijing. 2 Winter is the season when children often go skating in the north. 3 我还记得我第一次来北京的那天。4 我永远也忘不了我加入共青团(League)的那天2 where 指地点 在定语从句中作地点状语e.g. 1 We well go to the place where we had sports meeting last year. 2 这是你爸爸出生的那所城市。3 我想要去拜访一下你上次去的那个地方。 4 This is the hours where I lived two years ago. 3 why 指原因 其先行词只有表示原因的reason（原因）一词。在定语从句中作原因状语从句。 e.g. 1 Please tell me the reason why you didnt finish your homework.2 Who knows the reason why she is crying so sadly? 3 我们不知道他突然生病的原因。 【例题】 I love the small village _ I was born. A that B which C where D whose【练习题】1 The young lady _we meet yesterday is our new maths teacher. A what B whose C whom D which2 The young man _is a friend of mine. A who I had a talk B whom I had a talk with C which I had a talk with D whom I had a talk3 Do you know the girl _father owns a company? A who B which C that D whose4 My necklace is not the only thing _is missing. A what B/ C which D who5 Who is the woman _was talking to our English teacher?Oh! It is Mrs. Baker, our American friend. A he B that C whom D which6 What we have heard is different from _. A we seen B what we seen C what we have seen D we have seen7 There is nothing _ I want to say. A which B what C whatever D that8 Children like houses _are painted in different colours. A which B they C those D what9 This is our house _we lives for ten years. A that B which C where D when10 I will never the day _ my daughter was born. A which B when C who D where11 I know the reason _ he came late. A which B what C because D why12The town_ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before. A it B who C which D where13 I like to live in a house _ is big and bright. A that B who C how D what14 This was the best model of a radio set _the factory produced in 1997. A that B where C which D when15 Do you know anyone _knows about the history of the Ming Tombs? A which B whom C whose D that16This is the worker _son died in a traffic accident. A whose B whom C who D that17 I dont know reason _she didnt agree to our study plan. A when B why C who D that18Well never forget the day _ the teacher came to see me in the hospital. A that B when C why D which19 Yesterday I met Dr. Li _told me the good news. A who B when C which D when 20The two pupils_ you taught three years ago have become drivers. A when B whom C where D whose21 The first thing _ my sister is going to do this evening is to write a report about English study. A which B who C that D why22 This place _you are standing was the site of an old church. A who B where C which D that23 You can telephone the people _ you want to invite to dinner. A whom B where C which D why24 This is the biggest tiger _has ever been shown in the zoo. A that B which C who D whom25 This is the man _photo I took yesterday. A who B whose C whom D that26 The doctor_ is treating for your heart trouble is a friend of mine. A who B when C which D whom27 Mary, _ dress is all white, looks very pretty. A who B whom C whose D that28 Whos the man _ you just talked with? A who B whom C that D all the above29 This is the book _I am looking for. A / B which C that D all the above30 This is the only boy _read the book. A who B whom C which D whose31 This is the only book _ I bought last year. A which B that C what D who32 All the books _ I put on the desk are yours. A that B which C what D Both A and 33 This is the best book _ I have read. A that B which C what D Both A and34 All _I am going to do is good. A that B which C what D Both A and 根据汉语完成句子 1 The man _(正在浇花) is my uncle. 2 Here is all the money _(我所拥有的) 3 The necklace is not t