合工大研究生英语unit.ppt

TheOlympics PierredeCoubertinCoubertinwasinterestedinsportseducationashebelievedithadthepotentialtodevelopwhathecalled moralenergy andannouncedthatheintendedtorevivetheOlympicGames On23rdJune 1894 heestablishedtheInternationalOlympicCommittee IOC atameetingheldattheUniversityofSorbonneinParis Olympism Olympismisaphilosophyoflife exaltingandcombininginabalancedwholethequalitiesofbody willandmind Blendingsportwithcultureandeducation Olympismseekstocreateawayoflifebasedonthejoyfoundineffort theeducationalvalueofgoodexampleandrespectforuniversalfundamentalethicalprinciples OlympicCharter FundamentalPrinciples paragraph1 TherehasalwaysbeenOlympicmischief ErichSegal 1937 Hehaspublishedanumberofscholarlyworksaswellasteachingattheuniversitylevel HehasactedasavisitingprofessorfortheUniversityofMunich PrincetonUniversity andDartmouthCollege HehaswrittenwidelyonGreekandLatinliterature andalsowonliteraryhonourinFranceandItaly heisbestknownasauthorofthescreenplayforYellowSubmarine 1968motionpicturehitbyTheBeatles andhisnovelLoveStory aNewYorkTimesNo 1bestseller QuotationsfromLoveStoryLovemeansneverhavingtosayyou resorry Jennifer Youlookstupidandrich Oliver Well whatifI msmartandpoor Jennifer I m smartandpoor Oliver Wellwhatmakesyousosmart Jennifer Iwouldn tgooutforcoffeewithyouthat swhat Oliver WellwhatifIwasn tevengonnaaskyoutogooutforcoffeewithme Jennifer Wellthat swhatmakesyoustupid Warm upActivities1 Doyouhappentoknowanycaseoftrickeryanddishonestyinsports 2 Manyathletesinmostprominentsportsaremadeveryrichthroughsponsorships DoyouthinkChineseathletes especiallysoccerplayersareoverlypaid Stateyourreasons 3 Whatmeasuresshouldbetakentomakebothsportsfansandprofessionalathletesbehaveinconformitywithpubliccourtesyandsportsmanship ANCIENTOLYMPICSCHEATINGNotallathletesliveduptothiscodeofexcellence Thosewhowerediscoveredcheatingwerefined andthemoneywasusedtomakebronzestatuesofZeus whichwereerectedontheroadtothestadium Thestatueswereinscribedwithmessagesdescribingtheoffenses warningothersnottocheat remindingathletesthatvictorywaswonbyskillandnotbymoney andemphasizingtheOlympicspiritofpietytowardthegodsandfaircompetition TheearliestrecordedcheaterwasEupolusofThessaly whobribedboxersinthe98thOlympiad ModernOlympics IstheIdealWorking TheOlympicsisagreatopportunityfornationstocometogetherinpeace buttherehavebeendifficultperiods TheUSAdidnotparticipateinthe1980MoscowgamesduetopoliticaldifferencesandtheUSSRreturnedthefavourin1984bynotgoingtoLosAngeles InMunichin1972 11athleteswerekilledbyterrorists andabombattackkilledtwopeopleinAtlantain1996 Theidealoffaircompetitionisalsounderattack withsomeathletescheatingbyusingdrugstoimprovetheirperformance Runner BenJohnson losthisOlympicGoldmedalin1988becauseheusedsteroids Keywords 1 quipvt makecleverorsarcasticremarks IpunchhimplayfullyonthechestandquipthatI dhatetohavemethimifhewastense HequippedbeforekissingAliciawhentheyremarriedlastJune 2 snobn apersonwhoisoverlyproudofhavingspecialknowledgeorjudgmentinasubject orofbelongingtoapresumablysuperiorsocialclass IhavetoadmitthatInearlydidfallintothetrapofbecomingasnob He sabitofasnobandwon tspeaktothelikesofme 3 arbitern apersonorgroupauthorizedtojudgeacompetition controversy etc anarbitrator Hetookonhimselftheroleofmoralarbiterofthenation Thearbiterwillhavethelastsayinresolvingthisdispute 4 enticementn aninducementtogainorpleasure Thereisarangeofenticementstohaveacreditcard TheytriedtopersuademetogotoFlorida buthotweatherisnotmuchofanenticementifyoudon tlikethesun 5 absolvevt free sb fromfulfillingapromiseorduty orfromhavingtosufferforwrongdoing Thewitnesstestimonyabsolvedhimfromallblamefortheaccident Iabsolveyoufromyourvowsastheyarereallysounattainable 6 ferociousadj extremelysavage fierce PresidentGeorgeW Bushhasmetwithsomeferociouscriticismfromtheopposition ThepolicehadhadtodealwithsomeofthemostferociousviolenceeverseenonthestreetsofLondon 7 besmirchvt dishonor sb sth slander Nomatterwhohemaybe themanwhopubliclybesmircheshiswife sname isnot wasnot andneverwillbe agentleman Hisjealousbrotherbesmirchedhiminfrontofalargegroupofhiscolleagues 8 anecdoten ashortaccountofsomeinterestingincidentorevent esp oneinthelifeofaperson Asuccessfulprofessoralwaysknowshowtousetheanecdotesattherighttimetodiversifyhislectures Irelatedtheanecdote whereuponhelaughedheartily 9 nonethelessadv however nevertheless China sentryintoWTO nonetheless opensupnewopportunitiesandchallengesforitsdevelopment Thereareseriousproblemsinourcountry Nonetheless wefeelthisisagoodtimetoreturn 10 fortifyvt strengthenagainstattack Allthestrategicpassesinthemountainsarefortified Theyhurriedlyfortifiedthevillagewithbarricadesofcarts treetrunksandwhatevercametohand 11 ominousadj ofabadomen unfavorable portentous TherewasanominoussilencewhenIaskedwhethermycontractwasgoingtoberenewed Thereisawidespreadtestimonythatthisominousfactisduetoinherentbiologicaldefectsinthecrowdedlifeofcities 12 conjecturen guess guessingform andexpress anopinionnotbasedonfirmevidence Don twastetoomuchenergyonsuchconjecturesbuttrytofindoutthetruth Therumorraisedmuchconjecture 13 bleakadj cheerlessanddepressing dismal It sprobablythemostbare bleak barrenandinhospitableislandI veeverseen Thehousestandsonableak windsweptmoor 14 frailtyn physicalweakness weaknessincharacterormorals faultorimperfection Shediedafteralongperiodofincreasingfrailty Tolerantofhumanfrailtyinwhateverform shealmostneverjudgedpeople Everyfouryears whentheOlympicsrollaroundagain journalistsseemautomaticallytorecyclethosemisty eyednotionsabout GoodOldDays para 1sen 1 rollaround goroundandround returnataregularorusualtime Vacationdayseventuallybecomeemptyandboring IbegantobeanxiousforSeptembertorollaroundandforschooltobegin GoodOldDays certainestablishedtraits nostalgia Christianity conformity conservatism camping sporthunting sportfishingTranslation 每逢四年一度的奥运盛会 记者们似乎总会自然而然地把 过去的好时光 那些模糊的概念重新炒作一番 Infact themythologyofaperfectOlympicisthemoderninventionofsnobsandself styledpurists perpetuatedbysportswriters andtelevisioncommentatorsatalosstofillairtime para 2lines8 11 ataloss1 uncertainastohowtoproceed2 unabletoproducewhatisneededTranslation 事实上 曾有过完美的奥运会的神话只是现代的势利小人和一群自封的纯粹主义者的杜撰 通过体育文章撰稿人和转播期间设法填补空白时间的电视评论员流传下来 Butthesearbiterswereoftensusceptibletofinancialenticements andtreats para 5lines27 29 susceptible s s ept b l 1easilyinfluencedoraffectedbysth Youngpeoplearemostsusceptibletoadvertisements 2 easilyinfluencedbyfeelings impressionableHe ssosusceptiblethatsheeasilygainedhisaffection 3 capableofsth Isyourstatementsusceptibleofproof Translation 这些比赛的主宰者往往经不起金钱以及盛宴的诱惑 Promotersofminortrackmeets whichwereoftenheldtoadvertiselocalproducts wouldforkoverplentytohavethehottestrunnersofthedaymerelyshowup Para 7lines52 54 forkover handover payout Thesonusuallycriesoutfor independenceandautonomy butwhenitcomestimetospendmoney he dmaketheoldmanforkover Mytheftinsurancepolicywillhavetoforkoverthat 10million Translation 当时 一些小型比赛 通常是为了给当地的产品做广告 的发起者 确实会向当红短跑明星支付大笔的酬金 请他们到场露露脸 Whenhecrossedthefinishline hewasalittle high onmorethanjoy havingfortifiedhimselfalongtheroadwithswigsofsugaredwine para 13lines95 98 highon enthusiasticallyinapprovalorsupportof Somehappypeoplearelowonpleasure buthighon absorptionandimmersion meaningtheytakegreatpleasureinthethingsthattheydoTranslation 尽管在冲过终点线时 他显得与其说是兴奋还不如说有点 醉醺醺 的 因为他在途中大量饮用掺了糖的葡萄酒以保持体力 JustbeforePresidentTeddyRoosevelt sdaughterwastogivehimhismedal itwasdiscoveredthatLorzhadnot afterall gonetheentiredistanceunderhisownsteam para 14lines101 103 underone sownsteam withouthelpfromothers unaidedIliveundermyownsteam andnobodytookmeunderhiswing Translation 正当特迪 罗斯福总统的女儿给他颁奖之际 洛兹被发现没有独立跑完全程 Havingcrampedupataboutninemiles heacceptedaridefromapassingcar para 14lines104 105 crampup causetohaveacontractionorparalysisofmuscles havespasms IDon twanttouseanymoreofthaticewaterforfearI dcramphimupTranslation 他在9英里处腿部抽筋 便搭乘了辆路过的汽车 ThereisnoneedtoconjectureaboutDoraRatjen theGermanathletewhojustmissedagoldmedalinthewomen shighjumpinthenotoriousOlympicsof1936 para 19lines151 153 theOlympicsof1936 InAugust1936 AdolfHitler sNazidictatorshipscoredahugepropagandasuccessashostoftheSummerOlympicsinBerlin TheGameswereabrief two weekinterludeinGermany sescalatingcampaignagainstitsJewishpopulationandthecountry smarchtowardwar Translation 然而 德国运动员朵拉 拉特金的性别是不容置疑的 在臭名昭著的1936年奥运会上错失了女子跳高金牌后 她 随后在这个项目中屡屡改写世界纪录 AnOutlineoftheText PartI paras 1 11 theoriginalGreekGamesneitherpurenoruncommercialPartII paras 12 19 ancientmischiefrevivedinmoderngames butwithmoresubtlemeansPartIII paras 20 24 theOlympicsbeingareflectionofhumannature goodaswellasbad truespiritofOlympicsexpected Summary Inthearticle ErichSegalawakensustothefactthattheancientOlympicGameswereasinfestedwithbrutaltrickeryanddishonestyasarethemoderngames TheonlydifferenceisthatthemethodsofcheatinginthemodernGamesareimprovedandmoresubtle FinallyhecitessomerareexceptionstoillustratethetruespiritoftheOlympics KeytoexercisesA 1 deemed2 Tobeginwith3 multitalented4 fairandsquare5 adversary6 forkover7 spurred8 enrouteto9 portrayed10 conjectureabout B eulogizing2 perpetuated3 susceptible4 besmirch5 stimulants6 sus