微观经济学期末考试-2014级PPT课件

微观经济学 期末考试 时间地点 时间 待定地点 待定 考试形式 有限开卷考试中只允许使用以下物品 英文版教材 英汉词典 纸质 电子均可 计算器 题型题量 MULTIPLECHOICES 单项选择15 2 TRUE FALSE 判断10 2 CALCULATION 计算填空7 2 SHORTANSWER 简答2 8 GRAPHICALLYANALYSES 作图分析2 10 MULTIPLECHOICES Inthecircular flowdiagram a factorsofproductionflowfromgovernmenttofirms b goodsandservicesflowfromhouseholdstofirms c incomepaidtothefactorsofproductionflowsfromfirmstohouseholds d spendingongoodsandservicesflowsfromfirmstohouseholds ANS C MULTIPLECHOICES Whatwillhappentotheequilibriumpriceandquantityofnewcarsifthepriceofgasolinerises thepriceofsteelrises publictransportationbecomescheaperandmorecomfortable andauto workersnegotiatehigherwages a Pricewillfall andtheeffectonquantityisambiguous b Pricewillrise andtheeffectonquantityisambiguous c Quantitywillfall andtheeffectonpriceisambiguous d Quantitywillrise andtheeffectonpriceisambiguous ANS C MULTIPLECHOICES Foraparticulargood a10percentincreaseinpricecausesa5percentdecreaseinquantitydemanded Whichofthefollowingstatementsismostlikelyapplicabletothisgood a Therearemanyclosesubstitutesforthisgood b Thegoodisanecessity c Themarketforthegoodisnarrowlydefined d Therelevanttimehorizonislong ANS B MULTIPLECHOICES Thedifferencebetweenaccountingprofitandeconomicprofitisa explicitcosts b implicitcosts c totalrevenue d marginalproduct ANS B MULTIPLECHOICES Theefficientscaleofthefirmisthequantityofoutputthata maximizesmarginalproduct b maximizesprofit c minimizesaveragetotalcost d minimizesaveragevariablecost ANS C MULTIPLECHOICES Intheshortrun afirmoperatinginacompetitiveindustrywillshutdownifpriceisa lessthanaveragetotalcost b lessthanaveragevariablecost c greaterthanaveragevariablecostbutlessthanaveragetotalcost d greaterthanmarginalcost ANS B MULTIPLECHOICES Whichofthefollowingisacharacteristicofanaturalmonopoly a Fixedcostsaretypicallyasmallportionoftotalcosts b Averagetotalcostdeclinesoverlargeregionsofoutput c Theproductsoldisanaturalresourcesuchasdiamondsorwater d Alloftheabovearecorrect ANS B MULTIPLECHOICES Foraprofit maximizingmonopolist a P MR MC b P MR MC c P MR MC d MR MC P ANS A RefertoFigure1 Thepricepaidbybuyersafterthetaxisimposedisa 3 b 4 c 5 d 7 Figure1 MULTIPLECHOICES ANS D RefertoFigure1 Whichofthefollowingiscorrect a 1 4oftheburdenofthetaxfallsonbuyers and3 4oftheburdenofthetaxfallsonsellers b 1 3oftheburdenofthetaxfallsonbuyers and2 3oftheburdenofthetaxfallsonsellers c 1 2oftheburdenofthetaxfallsonbuyers and1 2oftheburdenofthetaxfallsonsellers d 2 3oftheburdenofthetaxfallsonbuyers and1 3oftheburdenofthetaxfallsonsellers Figure1 MULTIPLECHOICES ANS D RefertoFigure1 Howmuchtaxrevenuedoesthistaxproduceforthegovernment a 24 b 30 c 32 d 56 Figure1 MULTIPLECHOICES ANS A RefertoFigure2 Ifthemarketpriceis 10 whatisthefirm sshort runeconomicprofit a 9 b 15 c 30 d 50 Figure2 MULTIPLECHOICES ANS B RefertoFigure2 Thefirmwillearnzeroeconomicprofitifthemarketpriceisa 0 b 6 c 7 d 10 Figure2 MULTIPLECHOICES ANS B TRUE FALSEEconomicgrowthcausesaproductionpossibilitiesfrontiertoshiftoutward ANS T TRUE FALSEIfthedemandforagoodfallswhenincomefalls thenthegoodiscalledaninferiorgood ANS F TRUE FALSEAIfweobservethatwhenthepriceofchocolateincreasesby10 totalrevenueincreasesby10 thenthedemandforchocolateisunitpriceelastic ANS F TRUE FALSE Ataxburdenfallsmoreheavilyonthesideofthemarketthatislesselastic ANS T Theareabelowthedemandcurveandabovethesupplycurvemeasurestheproducersurplusinamarket TRUE FALSE ANS F TRUE FALSE Ifthemarginalcostofproducingthetenthunitofoutputis 3 andiftheaveragetotalcostofproducingthetenthunitofoutputis 2 thenattenunitsofoutput averagetotalcostisrising ANS T TRUE FALSE Inthelongrun afirmshouldexittheindustryifitstotalcostsexceeditstotalrevenues ANS T TRUE FALSE Likecompetitivefirms monopolieschoosetoproduceaquantityinwhichmarginalrevenueequalsmarginalcost ANS T CALCULATION SupposedemandisgivenbytheequationQd 400 2P andsupplyisgivenbytheequationQs 100 3P Theequilibriumpriceinthismarketis andtheequilibriumquantityis ANS 60 280 CALCULATION Asmallfamilyfarmsolditsoutputfor 100 000inagivenyear Thefamilyspent 25 000onfuel 40 000onseed fertilizer and 25 000onequipment Thefamilymemberscouldhaveearned 20 000workingatotheroccupations Theaccountingprofitforthefamilyfarmis andtheeconomicprofitis ANS 10000 10000 CALCULATION Acompetitivefirmismaximizingitsprofitbyselling150unitsofoutput Thefirm smarginalcostis 8anditsaveragetotalcostis 6 Thefirm sprofitamountsto ANS 300 SHORTANSWER Whyisafirm saverage total costcurveU shaped Howandwhydoesitdifferintheshortrunandinthelongrun SHORTANSWER 1 Theaverage total costcurveisU shapedbecausethefirminitiallyisabletospreadoutfixedcostsoveradditionalunits butasquantityincreases itcostsmoretoincreasequantityfurtherbecauseanimportantinputislimited SHORTANSWER 2 Inthelongrun afirmcanadjustthefactorsofproductionthatarefixedintheshortrun forexample itcanincreasethesizeofitsfactory Asaresult thelong runaverage total costcurvehasamuchflatterU shapethantheshort runaverage total costcurve Inaddition thelong runcurveliesalongthelowerenvelopeoftheshort runcurves GRAPHICALLYANALYSES Supposeweareanalyzingthemarketforcars Graphicallyillustratetheimpacteachofthefollowingwouldhaveondemandorsupply Alsoshowhowequilibriumpriceandquantityhavechanged a Astock marketboommakespeoplewealthier b Astrikebysteelworkersraisessteelprices GRAPHICALLYANALYSES a Becausecarsarenormalgoods anincreaseinpeople swealthwillshiftthedemandcurveforcartotheright bothPandQwillrise GRAPHICALLYANALYSES b Becausesteelisaninputintheproductionofcars highersteelpriceswillshiftthesupplycurveofcarstotheleft PwillriseandQwilldecrease Underwhatco