m8u1grammarwords.doc

Grammar and usage1. serve (P8)v. T in a shop, restaurant or hotel, to deal with a customer by taking their order, showing or selling them goods etc: 服务,接待Are you being served, madam?Thats the restaurant where they refused to serve Giles because he was so rude.v. I or T to provide food or drinks: 提供食物,饮料等Do they serve meals in the bar?Breakfast is served in the restaurant between 7 and 9We arrived at the hotel and were served with champagne and canaps.All recipes in this book, unless otherwise stated, will serve (= be enough for) 4 to 5 people.+ object + adjective Serve the tarts hot with custard or whipped cream.v. T to provide with something that is needed: 提供所需之物Londons hospitals, so says the report, are out of touch with the communities that they serve.v. I or T to work for; to do your duty to: 服务,工作,服役He served in the army in India for twenty years.She has served on the committee for the last fifteen years.He served under Harold Wilson as Transport Minister.service n. U the act of dealing with a customer in a shop, restaurant or hotel by taking their order, showing or selling them goods, etc: 服务,接待The only trouble with this caf is that the service is so slow.C a system or organization that provides for a basic public need: the ambulance/health/postal/prison serviceC or U the operation of a system:There isnt any railway service on Sundays.We hope to be operating a normal service as soon as possible.services plural noun UKa place beside a large road at which fuel, food, drink and other items that people want on their journey are sold:We stopped at the services to get petrol.servant n. a person who is employed in another persons house, doing jobs such as cooking and cleaning, especially in the pastpublic servant/servant of the state a person who works for the government:Public servants should be incorruptible.in service in use:The battleship has been in service since 1965.高考链接1. My friend, who _ on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month. (2006 浙江) A. servedB. is servingC. had servedD. has served2. If you are feeling so tired, perhaps a little sleep would _. (2004 浙江) A. act B. help C. serve D. last答案及解析1. D. 为而终生工作2. B. 有帮助.2. raise (P9)v. T 1) to take care of a person, or an animal or plant, until they are completely grown: 抚养Her parents died when she was a baby and she was raised by her grandparents.The lambs had to be raised by hand (= fed artificial milk by people) when their mother died.The farmer raises (= breeds) chickens and pigs.The soil around here isnt good enough for raising (= growing) crops.2) to cause sth. to increase or become bigger, better, higher, etc: 抬高, 提高The government plan to raise taxes.I had to raise my voice (= speak more loudly) to make myself heard over the noise.The inspector said that standards at the school had to be raised.Our little chat has raised my spirits (= made me feel happier).3) to lift sth. to a higher position: 举起Would all those in favor please raise their hands?He raised the window and leaned out.Mary Quant was the first fashion designer to raise hemlines.3. abuse (9)v. T 1) to use or treat someone or sth. wrongly or badly, especially in a way that is to your own advantage: 虐待She is continually abusing her position/authority by getting other people to do things for her.I never expected that he would abuse the trust I placed in him.Several of the children had been sexually/physically/emotionally abused.2) to speak to someone rudely or cruelly: 辱骂The crowd started abusing him after he failed to save a goal.n. U rude and offensive words said to another person: 辱骂He had apparently experienced a lot of verbal abuse from his co-workers.He hurled (a stream/torrent of) abuse at her (= He said a lot of rude and offensive things to her).Idiot! is a mild term of abuse (= an insulting expression).child abuse n. U when adults intentionally treat children in a cruel or violent way: 虐待儿童4. get caught (P9)v. L + past participle (getting, got, got or US gotten) sometimes used instead of be to form the passive:I got shouted at by some idiot for walking past his house.Theyre getting married later this year.This window seems to have got broken.高考链接1. _ David and Vicky _married?For about three years. (2003 北京)AHow long were being BHow long have gotCHow long have been DHow long did get2. - How are the team playing? - Theyre playing well, but one of them hurt. (2002 全国春)A. got B. gets C. are D. were3. As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. (2001 全国)A. separatedB. sparedC. lostD. missed答案及解析:1. C.2. A. got hurt 受伤3. A. 被分了开来.5. pressure (P9)press v. I or T; usually + adv. or prep. to push sth. firmly, often without causing it to move permanently further away from you: 按,压Press the button to start the machine.He pressed his face against the window.Can you press a bit harder on my shoulders, please?The crowd pressed against the locked doors trying to get into the building.Press down firmly on the lever.T to make clothes smooth by ironing them: 熨烫Ill just press these trousers.T to put a weight on fruit in order to remove the juice: 榨汁to press grapesT to make a record or CD: 制唱片Over 3000 copies of the CD were pressed and sent some out to college radio stations.T to make sth. flat and firm by putting it under sth. heavy: 压扁The children pressed some flowers.pressed turkey breastn. C usually singular a firm push against sth. using the fingers: 按,压To start the machine, just give this button a press.S when you make cloth smooth with an iron: 熨烫Can you give this shirt a quick press?C a piece of equipment which is used to put weight on something in order to crush it, remove liquid from it or to make it flat: 熨斗a garlic/trouser/wine pressto try hard to persuade someone to do something: 强迫,迫使+ object + to infinitive The committee pressed him to reveal more information.Hes pressing me for an answer.Can I press you further on (= persuade you to say more about) this issue?pressure n. U the force you produce when you press sth.: 压力He put too much pressure on the door handle and it snapped.You can stop bleeding by applying pressure close to the injured area.C or U the force that a liquid or gas produces when it presses against an area:gas/water pressureThe new material allows the company to make gas pipes which withstand higher pressures.The gas is stored under pressure (= in a container which keeps it at a higher pressure than it would usually have).U when someone tries to make someone else do sth. by arguing, persuading, etc: 压力(抽象)public/political pressureTeachers are under increasing pressure to work longer hours.+ to infinitive Pressure to abandon the new motorway is increasing.The government is facing pressure from environmental campaigners.He only asked her under pressure from his wife (= because his wife forced him to).Shes putting pressure on him (= trying to persuade him) to get married.FORMAL The international community are trying to bring pressure to bear on the government (= trying to persuade them) to resolve the situation.C or U a difficult situation that makes you feel worried or unhappy:Shes got a lot of pressure on her at work just now.Be nice to him - hes been under a lot of pressure recently.Can you work well under pressure?the pressures of work高考链接Life is tough in the city. In order to lose their , some people drink alcohol. (2003 上海)Atemper Bmood Cconsciousness Dpressures 答案及解析: D. lose ones pressures: 缓解某人的压力6. threat (P9)n. C a suggestion that sth. unpleasant or violent will happen, especially if a particular action or order is not followed: 威胁+ to infinitive She carried out her threat to throw away any clothes that were left on the floor.The threat of jail failed to deter him from petty crime.Drunken drivers pose a serious threat (= cause a lot of harm) to other road users.He says hell tell the authorities but its just an empty threat (= it will not happen).be under threat of sth.to be in a situation where people are threatening you with sth. bad or unpleasant: 在的威胁之下She left the country under threat of arrest if she returned.threaten v. T to tell someone that you will kill or hurt them, or cause problems for them if they do not do what you want: 威胁They threatened the shopkeeper with a gun.+ to infinitive They threatened to kill him unless he did as they asked.I If sth. bad threatens to happen, it is likely to happen: 预兆,征兆Look at those clouds! Theres a storm threatening.T to be likely to cause harm or damage to sth. or someone: 对造成威胁Changing patterns of agriculture are threatening the countryside.高考链接Her brother to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order. (2001 上海)A. declaredB. threatenedC. warnedD. exclaimed答案及解析: B. threaten to do sth 威胁做某事7. resist (P9)v. I or T to fight against sth. or someone that is attacking you: 抗拒的诱惑The soldiers resisted (the enemy attacks) for two days.T to refuse to accept or be changed by sth.: 拒绝The party leader resisted demands for his