unit-1Secrets of A Students

Unit1 TextA 21stCenturyCollegeEnglish Book1 SecretsofAStudents AuthoredbyEdwinKiester SallyValentineKiester Topic yourexperienceofstudyingEnglish Group1 likeEnglish secrets ofEnglish learning comparewiththesubheadings 1 8 Group2 dislikeEnglish greatestproblemsyouhaveinEnglishstudy yourplanofstudyingEnglishafterenteringcollege Tipwords Oneman smeatisanotherman spoison GroupDiscussion Leading inQuestions Readthetitle pleasefindoutifthereisonemistakeinthetitle Basedonthetitle guesswhatthetextisabout Lookatthesubheadings 1 8 inthetext Whichoftheseactivitiesdoyoualreadydo Inwhichareasdoyoufeelyouneedimprovement Pre readingActivities Scanningthetext Q1 Para 1introduces2Astudents whoarethey Q2 PleaselisttheeightEnglish learningskillsmentionedinourtext Assignment Turntopage12 lookatthereadinganalysis workouttheanswers Skimmingthetext TextStructure PartI Para 1 3 presentingtheimportanceofthestudyskillsbytwospecificexamplesPartII Para 4 11 offeringthe8practicalEnglishstudytechniquesconcretelyPartIII Para 12 statingthesecretsofAstudentscanhelpyoubecomeAstudentsonceyoulearnthem Languagepoints SecretsofAStudents 1Alex nowafirst yearstudentinnaturalsciencesatCambridge playedfootballforhisschoolinManchesteranddirectedtheschoolproductionofaplay HeleftschoolwithfiveA s Amanda studyingEnglishatBristolUniversity actedinplaysathers andplayedtennisregularly YetshestillmanagedtogetfourA s Para2 LetterGrades 字母等级计分制 ABCDF Excellent Good Average Belowaverage Failing Schools collegesanduniversitiesinGreatBritainandtheUnitedStatescommonlyuselettergradestoindicatethequalityofastudent sacademicperformance 学业成绩 A excellent B good C average D belowaverage andF failing Text relatedInformation IntroductionStudyhardorhardlystudy Somestudentsplayfootball actinplays playtennisandengageinmanyotheractivities buttheystillgetA sintheirstudies However therearesomeotherstudentswhostudyhardenoughbutdonotachieveasmuch Why IsitsimplythatthoseAstudentshavebetterbrains Educationalspecialistsdonotthinkso Theysuggestthattosucceedinthestudies oneshouldapplyafew techniques ThesetechniquesarethesecretsofAstudents Ifyoumakeuseofthem youcanbeanAstudent too Moretolearn Text relatedInformation GradingSystemSchools collegesanduniversitiesinGreatBritainandtheUnitedStatescommonlyuselettergradestoindicatethequalityofastudent sacademicperformance A excellent B good C average D belowaverage andF failing IntheUnitedStates workratedCoraboveisusuallyrequiredofanundergraduatestudenttocontinuehis herstudies workratedBorhigherisusuallyrequiredofagraduatestudenttocontinue Inpercentagescales 100percentisthehighestmark and70percent or65percent isusuallythelowestpassingmark 2HowdoAstudentslikethesemakeit Brainsaren ttheonlyanswer Themostgiftedstudentsdonotnecessarilyperformbestinexams Knowinghowtomakethemostofone sabilitiescountsformuchmore Para2perform vt vi 1 do ajob complete atask Thesurgeonwas ingadangerousoperation 2 act play singordo tricks beforeaudience Whenwilltheplaybe ed performwell badly poorly n performance carrying actingout playingmusicE g Heisexcellentinthe ofhisduties His ofHamletwasverygood Moretolearn performone sjob dutyperformanexperimentperformanoperationperformatrickperformone spromiseagood badperformancegivetwoperformancesaday E g OnesecretofAstudentsistomakethemostoftheirclasshours concentrateonthelecturesandmakeessentialnotes Hewishedtomakethemostoftheoccasion maintainingtheharmoniousatmosphere countformuch little nothing tobeofmuch little noworthorimportanceE g Heseldomcommentsonthingsbutoncehedoes hiswordscountformuch Thespeedofarunawayhorsecountsfornothing 脱缰之马的速度毫无价值 makethemostof touseorenjoytothegreatestadvantage touseinthebestway Translate Knowledgewithoutcommonsensecountsforlittle没有常识的知识没多大用处 没有责任心的人起不了什么作用 Amanwithnosenseofresponsibilitydoesnotcountforanything 3Hardworkisn tthewholestoryeither Someofthesehigh achievingstudentsactuallyputinfewerhoursthantheirlower scoringclassmates Thestudentsatthetopoftheclassgettherebymasteringafewbasictechniquesthatotherscaneasilylearn Here accordingtoeducationexpertsandstudentsthemselves arethesecretsofAstudents Para4 41 Concentrate Topstudentsallownointerruptionsoftheirstudytime Oncethebooksareopen phonecallsgounanswered TVunwatchedandnewspapersunread Thisdoesn tmeanignoringimportantthingsinyourlife Amandaexplains Itmeansplanningyourstudytimesothatyoucanconcentrate IfI mworriedaboutasickfriend IcallherbeforeIstartmyhomework ThenwhenIsitdowntostudy Icanreallyfocus Para5 E g Sallytriedtoconcentrateonherstudiesinspiteofthenoise adj Concentrated assembled intense beabsorbedinconcentratedjuicen concentrationconcentrationcamp Focusv nv directattentiononsthE g Youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourstudy Shealwayswantstobethefocusofattention Focus Concentrate Thetwowordsaresimilarinthesenseofdirectingone sattentiononsth Focuscanalsomean adjustalensortheeyes sotheimagepassthroughthemissharpandclear concentrate direct attention efforts etc toapointoffocus E g Today stopicfocused concentratedonChinesefestivalsThephotographerfocusedthelensandtookthepictureIfocusedmyeyesonthedarkstainonthewall Go un p p E g Phonecallsgounanswered Phonecallsareunanswered Theyneversolvedtheproblem theproblemwentunsolved Thepolicefailedtoidentifytheowneroftheblackcar Theowneroftheblackcarwentunidentified Paraphrase Oncethebooksareopen phonecallsgounanswered TVunwatchedandnewspapersunread Key Oncetheyopentheirbooks theydon tanswerphonecalls watchTVorreadnewspapers Newpatternintroduction Ignore v subjective 1 takenonoticeof sb sth 2 deliberatelyrefusetogreetoracknowledge sb E g Thewisestcoursewouldbetoignoreit He shisownman buthedoesn tignoreadvice ignorancen Doyoumeanyouwereincomplete ofthefact ignoranta ill informed lackinginknowledge sillyignorantlyadv Iwas thatthebosscouldbesostrict C ignoresomethingbeignorantofbeinignoranceofsomething P Ignoranceisbliss 无知便是福 neglect n v objective givenoornotenoughcareorattentionto sb sth 疏忽 忽略E g Heneglectedtomakerepairsinhishouse Nocountrycanaffordtoneglecteducation 任何国家都不容忽视教育 Yourattentivenessandconsiderationmakememoresensibleofmyownneglect 52 Studyanywhere oreverywhere AuniversityprofessorinArizonaassignedtotutorunderachievingcollegeathletes recallsarunnerwhoexerciseddaily Hepersuadedhimtousethetimetomemorisebiologyterms Anotherstudentstuckavocabularylistonhisbathroomwallandlearnedanewwordeverydaywhilebrushinghisteeth IntensiveStudy Para6 C assignsb sthassignsth tosb assign for assignsb todosth Translate Thefather edeachofhissonsaroom Thefather edaroomtoeachofhissons Please adate placeforthenextmeeting I edhimtomeetthevisitorsattheairport n assignment C fulfillassignmentshandoutanassignmentgiveanassignmentTheteacher edusalotofassignments Translate 他的任务是调查事故的起因 His istoinquireintothecauseoftheaccident Assign vt 1 appointtoajoborduty2 giveout athlete apersonwhoisskilledinbodilyexercisesandwhocompetesingamesthatneedstrengthandspeed suchasrunningandjumpingsportsman sportswoman apersonwhoiskeenon orgoodat sports player sb whoplaysinaballgame oftenprofessionally 1 MichaelJordanisbelievedtobethebestbasketball 2 Itwasquiteaviewwhenthe fromallovertheworldmarchedontothesportsground Mr Smithisakeen andenjoysallkindsofoutdooractivities Athlete sportsman player player athletes sportsman Stick 1 attachsthtosthelseoronasurface2 keepto refusetoleaveorchange line5 para7 Canyoustickthetwopagestogether Makesuretosticktothepointwhenmakingthepresentationinfrontoftheclass Translate作出了许诺 你就应该信守 Ifyoumakeapromise youshouldsticktoit 苏珊把那则重要信息贴在公告板上了Susanstuckanimportantmessageonthebulletinboard 63 Organizeyourmaterials Atschool Tomplayedbasketball Iwastoobusytowastetimelookingforapenciloramissingnotebook IkepteverythingjustwhereIcouldgetmyhandsonit hesays Paul astudentinNewMexico keepstwofoldersforeachsubject onefortheday sassignments theotherforhomeworkcompletedandreadytohandin Adrawerkeepsessentialstogetherandcutsdownontime wastingsearches IntensiveStudy Para7 getone shandon togetholdof sth orsb toseize Translate1 在那些年月里 她读了所有能够到手的书 2 Thehungryboyateupeverythinghecouldgethishandsonfromtherefrigerator Inthoseyears shereadeverythingshecouldgetherhandson 饥饿的男孩把从冰箱里拿到的所有东西都吃光了 essential n usu pl somethingthatisnecessaryorveryimportantessential adj to for necessary centralE g Whenwegoonholiday weonlytake thebare essentials Waterisessentialtolivingthings It sessentialthatyouattendallthemeetings Translate因居住在遥远的村庄 我认为我的车是一个必需品 Livinginaremotevillage Iregardmycarasanessential 保证教学质量是教育的本质要求Maintainingthestandardsisessentialtooureducation cutdownon toreduce Theskinnygirldeclaredshewouldcutdownonfoodsoastoloseweight Translate 医生敦促病人减少抽烟和饮酒 Thedoctorurgedthepatienttocutdownonsmokinganddrinking 74 Organizeyourtime Whenateachersetalongessay Alexwouldspendacoupleofdaysreadingroundthesubjectandmakingnotes thenhe ddoaroughdraftandwriteuptheessay Hewouldaimtofinishacoupleofdaysbeforetheassignmentwasduesothatifittooklongerthanexpected he dstillmeetthedeadline Amandastucktoastudyschedulethatincludedbreakseverytwohours Tryingtostudywhenyou reovertiredisn tsmart sheadvises Evenashortbreaktostretchorgetsomefreshaircanworkwonders IntensiveStudy Para8 E g setatask setanalarmclocksetatable setJune6asthedayofinvasionThemanagersethissecretaryvarioustaskswhenhewasawayonabusinesstrip Set adj fixedorestablishedbyagreementTheordertocancellaunchingthespaceshuttlecameonly5secondsbeforethesettime Translate 请按照固定程序来申请奖学金Pleasefollowthesetproceduresfortheapplicationofthescholarship set v toassign putforwardorarrangeas materialtobedealtwith dueadj tobepaid当付的 应付给的B attrib suitable right proper应有的 正当的 合适的C tobe expectedorsupposed tohappen arrive etc 到期的 预定应到的 预期的 约定的D dueto thatmaybeascribedorattributedto 因为 由于辨析 duefordueindueto E g Thisisthe rewardforyourservices Hehandleditwithduecare Thebillis onJune1 Herworld widefameis tohissupport C dueto owingto becauseof onaccountof duen Thingthatshouldbegiventosbbyright应得之物 应得权益 应付款Hereceivedalargereward whichwasnomorethanhisdue Idiom give aperson hisdue befairtosbgivethedevilhisdue dojust eventothosewhodon tdeserveit Meetthedeadline Finishthetaskbeforethedateortimeitmustbefinished 如期Missthedeadline haven tfinishedthetaskontime 超过期限 I mafraidyouhavemissedthedeadline soyourapplicationcan tbeconsidered Translate 老板让他对没能如期完成任务作出解释Hisbosscalledhimtoaccountforfailingtomeetthedeadlineonthetask back E g Afewwordsofencouragementcanworkwondersinherwhensheisnotveryconfident Doctorshavediscoveredthatkeepingapetcandowondersforone shealth Translate 科学家在试验中试用了新方法 令他惊讶的是 效果奇佳 Thescientisttriedthenewapproachintheexperiment andtohisamazement itworkedwonders work dowonders bringunexpectedlygoodresults 85 Learnhowtoread Iusedtospendhoursgoingthroughirrelevantmaterial Amandaremembers ButthenIgotusedtoreadingquickly ifthefirstsentenceofaparagraphwasn trelevant I dmoveontothenextparagraph ThebestcourseIevertook saysanOklahomastudent wasspeed reading Inotonlyincreasedmywordsperminutebutalsolearnedtolookatabook stableofcontentsandpicturesfirst Then whenIbegantoread IhadasenseofthematerialandIretainedalotmore Tosuchstudents thesecretofgoodreadingistobeanactivereader onewhokeepsaskingquestionsthatleadtoafullunderstandingofthematerialbeingread Para9 E g Theargumentwillcertainlyleadtostillgreaterdifferencesbetweenthetwocountries Toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadtoillness TranslateActivereading accordingtoeducationexperts willleadtoabetterunderstandingofwhatisbeingread 教育专家认为积极阅读会导致对阅读材料更好的理解 leadto haveasaresult causesomethingtohappenorexist导致 导向 96 Takegoodnotes Beforewritinganything Idividemypageintotwoparts saysAmanda theleftpartisaboutonethirdofthepagewide theright two thirds Iwritemynotesinthewiderpart andputdownthemainideasontheleft Duringrevision thisisveryusefulbecauseyoucanseeimmediatelywhythematerialisrelevant ratherthanbeingworriedbyagreatmassofinformation Justbeforetheend of lessonbellrings moststudentsclosetheirbooks putawaypapers talktofriendsandgetreadytoleave Butasmartstudentusesthosefewminutestowritetwoorthreesentencesaboutthelesson smainpoints whichhescansbeforethenextclass Para10 ratherthan usedinparallelstructure with2adjs advs nouns infinitivesconj 宁可 也不愿 与其 倒不如 而不是 Itisatelexratherthanaletter Thesearepoliticalratherthansocialmatters Translate 他惟恐婚姻破裂 把一切都告诉了妻子 Ratherthanriskbreakinguphismarriage hetoldhiswifeeverything back 107 Askquestions Ifyouaskquestions youknowatoncewhetheryouhavegotthepointornot saysAlex Classparticipationisamatterofshowingintellectualcuriosity Inalectureoneconomics forexample curiousstudentswouldaskhowtheChineseeconomycouldbebothsocialistandmarket driven thusinterestingthemselvesnotonlyinwhats butalsoinwhysandhows E g Heisanintellectualperson C intellectualfacultiesintellectualworkintellectualclassintellectualpursuits intelligent clever smartcleverandsmartmeansomeoneisgoodinhisorherbrainanddoesn tmeanheorsheknowsalot intelligentmeanstheabilityoflearning intellectualimpliesthecuriosityforstudyingsthandhavingadeepunderstandingofsomething E g Asmallchildwithacleverquickmindisintelligentbuthecanhardlybeanintellectual intellectualadj ofintellect n apersonwhoiswell informedandintelligent 8 Studytogether ThevalueofworkingtogetherwasshowninanexperimentattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley Agraduatestudenttherewhoobservedafirst yearcalculuscoursefoundthatAsian Americanstudentsdiscussedhomework trieddifferentapproachesandexplainedtheirsolutionstooneanotherwhiletheothersstudiedalone spentmostoftheirtimereadingandrereadingthetext andtriedthesameapproachtimeaftertimeevenifitwasunsuccessful E g IlikeherunconventionalapproachtotheproblemThenewapproachforlearningEnglishhasdonewondersinthe3rdgradepupils approachv 1 tocomeorgonearornearer to asinspace time2 tocomecloseto asinquality appearance orconditionE g Asgraduationdayapproached excitementincreased Theperformanceapproachesperfection approachn methodofdoingsomethingordealingwithaproblem 12Afterall thesecretsofAstudentsarenotsosecret YoucanlearnandmasterthemandbecomeanAstudent too Summary E g Whyishenotallowedtomakethedecisiononhisown Afterall he sover18 Withoutenoughbloodsupply thedoctordecidedtodotheoperationafterall TranslateAchainisnostrongerthanitsweakestlink andlifeisafterallachain WilliamJames 1842 1910 U S psychologistKey一根链条最脆弱的连接处就是这根链条的结实程度 要知道生命就像一根链条 Translate我知道工作很辛苦 不过你的报酬毕竟也不低 KeyIknowtheworkishard butyouarehighlypaidafterall afterall1 itshouldberememberedthat要知道2 inspiteofeverything毕竟 终究 还是 NewWords count v beimportantorvaluableE g Itdoesn tmatterwheretheygetmoneyfrom whatcountsishowtheydowithit countformuch little beofmuch littleimportanceconcentrate vi vt directallone sattention etc towardssth E g Heconcentrated hisefforts onwriting focusretain vt keep possessionof avoidlosingE g Amidtheattention Martinmanagedtoretainsomeprivacy keep intellectualcuriosityintellectual adj involvingaperson sabilitytothinkandtounderstandideasandinformation oforrelatingtoknowledge vs intelligent anabilitybyinstinct ratherthanacquired intelligence n IQ quotient Hisfatherisveryknowledgeable heisan curiosity n adj curiousintellectualcuriosity curiousaboutknowledge economics economy n economics economy经济学 经济Economic economical关于经济的 经济合算的E g Hewantedtobuyasmalland car theChinese Hestudied incollege developmentapproach n amannerormethodofdoingsth ordealingwithaproblemE g anapproachtoaproblem task situation Matching retainconcentrateeconomicaleconomiccounteconomicsapproachintellectual focusknowledgeableofeconomykeepnotneeding wastingalotofmoneymethod wayamajorincollegebeimportant focusknowledgeableofeconomykeepnotneeding wastingalotofmoneymethod wayamajorincollege C I E R E A E Summary WritingSkills TopicSentence specificdetailsReadingSkills skimmingandscanningReflection1 Astotheactivitiesmentionedinthetext whichaspectsarebeneficialtoyourstudy 2 Doyouhaveanyspecialstudytechniqueswhichhavebeenverysuccessfulforyou Assignment Followup ReadingAnalysisonp12 InTextA theauthorlistedseveralsuggestionsforsuccessfulstudy eachofthemispresentedthesameway fromgeneraladvicetospecificexamples Now pleasefilloutthefollowingtablewithoutreferencetothecourse book Keepyourdeskneat keeptwofoldersforeachsubject Aimtofinishassignmentsbeforethey redue sticktoastudyschedule Lookatthetableofcontentsandpicturesfirst beanactivereader Divideapageintotwoparts Writenotesontherightandputdownthemainideasontheleft Attheendofeachclass writeafewsentencesaboutthelesson smainpoints Showintellectualcuriosity showtheteacheryouareinterested Discussassignmentswithothers explainsolutionstooneanother FromGeneralAdvicetoSpecificExamples GuidedPractice VocabularyClozeTranslationStructureWriting IV Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow Changetheformwherenecessary 1 Therearenosimple totheproblemofoverpopulation solutions 2 Weoften advicewhichwedonotwishtohear ignore Vocabulary 读写教程I Ex IV p 10 3 Eventhedoctorcouldn t Tomtogiveupsmoking persuade 4 Theeveningnewspaperisgoingto acoupleofreporterstocover 报道 theOlympicGamesinSydney assign Vocabulary IV Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow Chang