高中英语定语从句详解(终极整理版)ppt课件

WhichoneisHarryPorter ThehandsomeboyisHarryPorter 单词作定语 WhichoneisHarryPorter Theboy isHarryPorter whoiswearingglasses 定语 ThehandsomeboyisHarryPorter TheboywhoiswearingglassesisHarryPorter 形容词作定语 句子作定语 修饰boy 叫做定语从句 单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的 短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的 前面 后面 一个美丽的女孩abeautifulgirl beautiful 形容词作前置定语 一个穿白色衣服的女孩 agirlinwhite inwhite 介词短语作后置定语 一个正唱歌的女孩 agirlissinging who issinging 定语从句 agirl为先行词 定语是句子成分之一 可以由单词 短语或从句担当 对名 代 词修饰和限制 名 代 词称为中心词 形容词作定语一般前置 短语和从句作定语要后置 翻译成 的 另外名词 数词 非谓语动词 短语 介词短语也可以担当定语 TheAttributiveClause 定语从句 TheAttributiveclause定语从句 在复合句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句 HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower 先行词 关系词 定语从句 先行词 引导词 关系词 从句 Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 被修饰的名词或代词 跟在先行词后 引导从句的词 修饰先行词的句子 定语从句分析结构 先行词 引导词 从句 HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower 先行词 关系词 定语从句 which who whom whose that where when why 定语从句 由一个句子充当定语 从句的位置 在名词或代词后 先行词 被定语从句修饰的词 引导词 引导定语从句的词关系代词关系副词 引导词的作用 1 引导定语从句 2 在从句中作一成份 3 代替先行词在从句中的位置 做题一般步骤 步骤二 步骤三 Thegirl做主语 who 步骤一 先行词thegirl 带入从句 Thegirllikessinging Sheisthegirl likessinging who 二 用法 先行词是人 whowhomwhosethatwhich 先行词是物 引导定语从句的关系代词 1 连接主句与从句 引导定语从句 2 代替先行词 3 在定语从句中担当一个成分 主 宾 定语 关系词的三个作用 注意 关系词的选用由先行词在定语从句中所充当的句子成分决定 1 Sheisthegirl canspeakEnglishfluently 2 Ilikethebook youboughtyesterday 3 Thegirl ImetisLucy 4 Achild parentsaredeadiscalledTom 请填写适当的关系词 who which that whom whose 主语 宾语 宾语 定语 Haveatry 指出关系代词 副词 在定语从句中的成份 1 ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr Wang 2 Thegirl whom ImetisLucy 3 AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom 4 Ilikethebook which youboughtyesterday 主语宾语定语宾语 1 who whom whose that用法区别 who作定语从句的主语或宾语 Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker Themanisaworker Themanisspeakingatthemeeting 分解 作主语 whom作定语从句的宾语 可省略 Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher Thewomanisateacher Theywantedtovisitthewoman 分解 作宾语 that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语 Thewoman whom that theywantedtovisitisateacher Themanwho thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker whose作定语从句的定语 whose既可以指人 也可以指物 Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher 分解 Iknowthegirl Thegirl smotherisateacher 作定语 Ihaveabookwhosecoverisyellow 2 which that的用法 which作定语从句的主语或宾语 Ilikethebook which that youboughtyesterday Thisisatruckwhich thatismadeinChina 作主语 作宾语 可省略 3 只能用that的情况 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere everything something nothing all anything little much等不定代词作先行词时 Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue 先行词被every some no all any little much等修饰时 I vereadallthebooksthatyoulendme 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast修饰时 Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim 主句已有who或which时 Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday 当先行词既有人又有物时 I veneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow 4 关系代词前有介词时 介词提前 指人只用whom 指物只用which Thisistheboywithwhomshetalked Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars 一 引导定语从句的关系代词 27 when where why 二 引导定语从句的关系副词 1 ThisistheplacewhereIwasborn 2 IrememberthedaywhenIfirstmethim 3 Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyouliedtome 关系副词 When on in during which where on in infrontof which Why forwhich 三 关系副词与介词 关系代词的替代 30 when when可用in on at during which代替 1 Istillremembertheday 2 Ifirstmethimontheday IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstmethim when which 31 where where可用in on at to which代替1 Thedictionaryistheonlyplace 2 Successcomesbeforeworkinthedictionary Thedictionaryistheonlyplaceinwhichsuccesscomesbeforework 只有 努力 工作才会有成功 字面意思是 只有在字典里 成功才出现在工作前面 where which 32 ABC1 Americaisthecountry 2 Iwasborninthecountry AmericaisthecountryinwhichIwasborn which where BBC BeijingisthecityinwhichIwasborn where AmericanbornChinese BeijingbornChinese 33 why why可用for which代替 1 Thisisthereason 2 Iwaslateforschoolforthisreason which ThisisthereasonforwhichIwaslateforschool why 34 关系代词和关系副词的区别 关系代词在定语从句中作主语 宾语关系副词在定语从句中作状语 如何选用定语从句的关系词 1 首先分清主句和定语从句2 确定定语从句的先行词3 把先行词带回到定语从句中去 看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分 主语 宾语 定语或状语 4 若先行词在从句中做主语 宾语或定语则选择关系代词 若在从句中做状语 则选择关系副词 Haveyougotit 由Who引导的定语从句 在句中做主语 宾语 1 Doyouknowtheman istalkingwithyourfather A whoseB whoC which2 Theboys theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne A whenB whichC who3 Those wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning A whoB whichC whom 选择题 4 Thegentleman youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief A whoB aboutwhomC whom5 Thedoctor youarelookingforisintheroom A whomB whatC which6 Theteacherfor youarewaitinghascome A whoB whomC that 由Whom引导的定语从句 在句中做宾语 7 Achild parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan A whichB hisC whose8 Thisbookisforthestudents native 本国的 languageisnotEnglish A thatB ofwhomC whose9 Theboy compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup A whoB whoseC that 由Whose引导的定语从句 在句中做定语 10 Hepreferstoeattherice inthesouth A whoisgrownB whichisgrownC whenisgrown11 Theknife Icuttheapplewithcan tbefound A whichB whoC what12 Theroomin therearemanybooksismine A thatB whoC which13 Thisisthepen heboughtyesterday A whichB whoC when 由Which引导的定语从句 在句中做主语 宾语 14 All isneededisasupplyofoil A whichB thatC what15 Finally thethiefhandedeverything hehadstolentothepolice A whichB whatC that 先行词是不定代词all few little much something nothing anything只能用that引导 16 It sthemostboringfilm Ihaveeverseen A whichB thatC whose17 Thisisthefirstcar arrivedthismorning A whichB whoC that 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that引导 18 Iknowallpeople arefromthatvillage A whoB thatC whose19 Thereisnowater isneededbadly A whichB whoC that20 Pleasetakeanyseat isfree A whichB thatC inwhich 先行词被all any every few little no some等修饰时只能用that引导 21 Thatistheverybook Iwaslookingfor A whoB thatC which22 Afterthefireinhishouse theoldcaristheonlything heowns A whoB thatC which 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast等修饰时只能用that引导 23 Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks werepopularthen A whoB thatC which 先行词被既有人又有物时只能用that引导 24 Whoistheworker tooksomepicturesofthefactory A whoB thatC which 主句已有who或which时 只能用that引导 填空题 1 Ihaveafriend likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic who that which that whose