山东2020年中考英语精选真题重组卷5

中考精选真题重组卷（时间：80分钟 分值：100分）第I卷 选择题（共50分）一、选择填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。1.【2019 山东滨州】Song of Youth is such _fantastic film that I have seen it twice.A. aB. anC. theD. /【答案】A【解析】句意：老师好是一部很棒的电影，我已经看过两遍了。考查冠词辨析。film电影，单数名词需用不定冠词修饰；fantastic（极好的）以辅音音素开头，需用a表泛指。根据句意语法，可知选A。2.【2019 山东东营】-Remember to keep the dog on a leash (狗链)_ you walk it, honey!-Sure. I wont let it hurt others.A. untilB. afterC. whileD. since【答案】C【解析】句意“-宝贝，当你遛狗时记得给狗拴上链子。-好的，我不会让他伤害其他人”。A.直到才（引导时间状语从句）；B. 在之后（引导时间状语从句）；C.当时候（引导时间状语从句）；D.自从（引导时间状语从句）。根据句意可知，译为“当遛狗时”，故选C。3.【2019 山东日照】Just be _; you cant lose your weight in a day.A. carefulB. patientC. honestD. brave【答案】B【解析】句意：耐心点，你不能一天内减肥。A. careful小心的；B. patient有耐心的；C. honest诚实的；D. brave勇敢的。根据下文you cant lose your weight in a day.可知上文是说有耐心的。根据题意，故选B。4.【2019 山东济南】Linda， why do you often go to see the pandas？I go to see_ because they are very interestingA. theyB. themC. theirD. theirs【答案】B【解析】句意：琳达，你为什么经常去看熊猫?我去看它们，因为它们很有趣。考查人称代词。they它们，主格代词；them它们，宾格代词；their它们的，形容词性物主代词； theirs它们的，名词性物主代词。see看，及物动词，后接宾格代词them，故选B。5.【2019 山东莱芜】一I think Mrs. Lin is the most excellent teacher in our school.一_, she teaches us well and cares about us a lot.A. SimplyB. MainlyC. ExactlyD. Mostly【答案】C【解析】句意：我认为林老师是我们学校最优秀的老师。 没错，她教我们很好，也很关心我们。A. Simply意为“简单地”；B. Mainly意为“主要地”；C. Exactly意为“准确来说，准确地”；D. Mostly意为“大多数地”。根据I think Mrs. Lin is the most excellent teacher in our school._, she teaches us well and cares about us a lot. 我认为林老师是我们学校最优秀的老师。 _，她教我们很好，也很关心我们。可知，应该选择Exactly意为“准确来说，没错”；符合语境，故选C。6.【2019 山东青岛】The English Speech Competition the best in her. As a result, she is more active now.A. checked outB. tried outC. left outD. brought out【答案】D【解析】句意：英语演讲比赛激发出她的潜能（使她表现出她最好的一面）。结果，她现在更活跃了。A. checked out核实，查实；B. tried out试验，测验；C. left out排除，不包括；D. brought out使显现，使表现出。bring out the best in somebody意为“把某人最好的一面表现或显露出来”。故答案为D。7.【2019 山东东营模拟】You _ drive your car so fast in such bad weather and that is not responsible for yourself and people around you.AwouldntBneedntCcouldntDshouldnt【答案】D【解析】句意：你不应该在这么糟糕的天气里那么快地开车，那是对自己和周围的人不负责。考查情态动词的基本用法。 wouldnt不愿意，将不（wont的过去式）； neednt没有必要，不需要； couldnt不能； shouldnt不应该。根据语境可知此处是不应该那么快地开车。故选D。8.【2019 山东日照】We do not want a trade war, but we are not afraid of fighting _.A. itB. oneC. thatD. this【答案】A【解析】句意：我们不想打贸易战，但我们不怕打。A. it它，上文提到，下文再次提到；B. one一个，同类事物中的一个；C. that那个，指代距离我们较远的名词单数； D. this这个，指代距离我们较近的名词单数；根据上文We do not want a trade war可知下文是说不害怕打贸易战。It指代的是a trade war，根据题意，故选A。9.【2019 山东莱芜】I m sorry I cant finish the task on time because I_ only 10 minutes.A. will giveB. was givenC. am givenD. gave【答案】C【解析】A为一般将来时；B为一般过去时的被动句；C为一般现在时的被动句；D为一般过去时。原因状语从句because I_ only 10 minutes.的主语I与动词give之间存在着被动关系，因此应该用被动句，排除A/D；主句为一般现在时，因此原因状语从句应该用一般现在时的被动句。故选C。10.【2019 山东临沂模拟】When you_ me last night, I _the piano.Awere calling; was playing Bwere calling; playedCcalled; played Dcalled; was playing【答案】D【解析】句意：昨晚你给我打电话时，我在弹钢琴。考查动词时态辨析。When引导的状语从句，由时间标志last night确定应用过去时called，表示是瞬间发生的动作。那一瞬间发生时，我正在弹钢琴，was playing the piano是过去进行时，所以答案应选D。二、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后备题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。【2019 山东淄博】For thousands of years，people farmed the land. They grew fruits and vegetables. They hunted and fished for meat. They_11_cloth, dyes(染料) and paper from plants. They used stone and metal for weapons and tools. People progressed to making machines powered _12_water and steam(蒸汽), and even later, by coal, oil, and petrol. Large cities were built. Factories _13_of machines created jobs in the cities for thousands of people. The Industrial Revolution(工业革命) changed the lives of many people because, for the first time, more people lived in cities than on _14_. Companies built power plants(工厂) to make_15_to run the machines，factories and cities. People did not realize these activities were_16_the Earth. They didnt realize oil, gas, coal and minerals were being used up_17_. _18_cities grew bigger and spread across the land. plants and animals began to disappear. Their nature homes were destroyed(破坏) as people moved into new places.As time passed, people began to _19_ the need to protect the Earth and its natural resources(资源). They saw that plants and animals needed protection，so they wouldnt disappear forever. People joined together to tell_20_around the world to conserve(节约) our natural resources and care for the Earth. And so. Earth Day was born. Each year，more and more people take part in Earth Day. What can you do to help?11. A. separatedB. washedC. madeD. mixed12. A. asB. forC. withD. by13. A. fullB. proudC. sickD. short14. A. mountainsB. riversC. grasslandsD. farms15. A. metalB. waterC. electricityD. oil16. A. helpingB. harmingC. wastingD. losing17. A. clearlyB. hardlyC. quicklyD. slowly18. A. BeforeB. IfC. AsD. Though19. A. forgetB. seeC. rememberD. get20. A. themB. otherC. anotherD. others【短文大意】这篇短文主要讲述了是人类的活动给地球带来了危害，现在人们越来越意识到保护地球的重要性。11. 句意：他们用植物做布、染料和纸。A. separated分离；B. washed洗；C. made制作；D. mixed混合。根据上文For thousands of years，people farmed the land. They grew fruits and vegetables. They hunted and fished for meat.可知下文是制作布料，燃料和纸张。根据题意，故选C。12. 句意：人们开始制造由水和蒸汽驱动的机器，甚至后来又发展到由煤、油和汽油驱动的机器。A. as作为；B. for为了；C. with带有，具有；D. by通过。根据下文and even later, by coal, oil, and petrol. Large cities were built.可知上文是用介词by。根据题意，故选D。13. 句意：满是机器的工厂为数千人在城市创造了就业机会。A. full满的；B. proud骄傲的；C. sick生病的；D. short短的。这里是充满的意思，full of充满，根据题意，故选A。14. 句意：住在城市的人比住在农场的人多。A. mountains山脉；B. rivers河水；C. grasslands草原；D. farms农场。根据上文more people lived in cities可知下文是说农场。根据题意，故选D。15. 句意：公司建造发电厂来发电，以运行机器、工厂和城市。A. metal金属；B. water水；C. electricity电；D. oil油。根据下文to run the machines，factories and cities.可知上文是发电。根据题意， 故选C。16. 句意：人们没有意识到这些活动正伤害地球。A. helping帮助；B. harming有害；C. wasting浪费；D. losing失去。根据上文People did not realize these activities可知下文是在伤害地球。根据题意，故选B。17. 句意：他们没有意识到石油、天然气、煤炭和矿产正迅速被消耗殆尽。A. clearly清晰地；B. hardly几乎不；C. quickly快速地；D. slowly慢地。这里是说快速地用完。根据题意，故选C。18. 句意：随着城市规模的扩大和遍布全国。动植物开始消失。A. Before在之前；B. If如果；C. As当的时候；随着；D. Though通过。根据下文plants and animals began to disappear. Their nature homes were destroyed(破坏) as people moved into new places.可知，这里是当的时候；随着。根据题意，故选C。19. 句意：随着时间的推移，人们开始意识到保护地球及其自然资源的必要性。A. forget忘记；B. see看见；C. remember记住；D. get得到。根据下文protect the Earth and its natural resources(资源)可知这里是说开始看到。根据题意，故选B。20. 句意：人们联合起来告诉世界各地的其他人们保护我们的自然资源和保护地球。A. them他们；B. other 其他的；C. another另一个；D. others别的，其他的，代词。根据下文around the world to conserve(节约) our natural resources and care for the Earth可知，这里是说全世界的其他人们。根据题意，故选D。三、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）阅读下面三篇材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A【2019 山东威海】Mr Chen was puzzled（闲惑的）and a little suspicious（怀疑的）. He sat in the office and studied a letter apparently（明显地）from Mrs Wang, the mother of one of the pupils in his class. There was something about it which worried him. “I dont understand, ”he said to himself. He shook his head as he circled four mistakes in the letter. Mrs Wang is an educated woman. She wouldnt make mistakes like these even if she did write the letter in a hurry. Mr Chen took out his class register（名册）and said to himself, “Yesterday was Thursday. Let me see. Ah, yes. I thought so. David was absent on Thursday last week and the week before. Hm. Why is he so often absent on Thursdays? Was he really ill yesterday? Could it be a coincidence（巧合）?”Mr Chen stared at the register as if the answers to his questions were hidden in it somewhere. Then he took out a copy of the timetable（课程表）for his class. I wonder. . he told to himself. I wonder if his absence has anything to do with one of these lessons. Mr Chen looked at the subjects for Thursday: Mathematics, English, P. E. He thought about P. E. He knew that the pupils had P. E. twice a week: once on Monday, when they usually played games on the school field, and once on Thursday, when they did exercises in the gym. Mr Chen glanced round the office to find Mr Long, the rather strict P. E. teacher, but he was not there. Id better have a chat with Long and David, Mr Chen thought. The bell rang. I cant do anything right now, Mr Chen thought. Its time to go to Class 2. I ll do it later on. Mr Chen picked up his books and walked off to teach Class 2. Later, on Friday, Mr Chen spoke to Mr Long, the P. E. teacher. Mr Long agreed that it seemed strange for David to be absent so often on gym days. They thought about it for a while. “David is a good athlete（运动员）, ”Mr Long finally said, but hes afraid of heights. I was hard on him once because he wouldnt climb more than a couple of metres up the rope. Do you think thats why hes been absent recently? ”“Yes, I think so, Mr Chen said. Im going to talk to him this afternoon before he goes home. Well, Ive got a suggestion to make, said Mr Long. If hes scared of heights, hed better come and see me after school. Quite a few people suffer from（遭受）vertigo. Ill be glad to help him. ”“Thats very kind of you, said Mr Chen. Ill get him to come and see you on Monday or Tuesday. ”21. The letter was sent to Mr Chen because David on Thursday.A. was ill at homeB. didnt go to schoolC. was absent from P. E. class22. Mr Chen was puzzled by the letter because .A. Davids mother sent him the letterB. he couldnt understand the letterC. it didnt seem to be written by an educated adult23. Mr Chen got the idea that Davids absence had something to do with PE after he _ .A. studied the timetableB. studied the class registerC. talked with Mr Long24. The underlined word“ vertigo means in the passage.A. 身体疼痛B. 恐高眩晕C. 肠胃痉挛25. From the passage we know _.A. David didnt like P. E. classesB. David didnt like Mr Longs being hard on himC. David was afraid of heights【短文大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述陈先生发现大卫每个周四都请假不上学，他感到很不解。后来他发现原来是和体育课有关。陈先生找体育老师龙先生了解情况。原来龙先生对大卫很严格，但是大卫恐高，每次练习都出问题，所以大卫害怕上体育课。龙先生知道这件事后，打算以后多多帮助大卫。21. 细节理解题。根据David was absent on Thursday last week and the week before. Hm. Why is he so often absent on Thursdays? Was he really ill yesterday? Could it be a coincidence（巧合）可知，大卫上个星期四和上上个星期四都没来。嗯。为什么他星期四总是缺席?他昨天真的病了吗?可能这是一个巧合。根据后文可知，他不是真地生病了，而是怕上体育课。所以，大卫没有上学，故选B。22. 细节理解题。根据“I dont understand, ”he said to himself. He shook his head as he circled four mistakes in the letter. Mrs Wang is an educated woman. She wouldnt make mistakes like these even if she did write the letter in a hurry可知，陈先生不能理解，请假条里有四个错误，王女士是一个受过教育的女人，她不可能犯这样的错误，所以他困惑的是这封信看起来不是一个受过教育的成年人写的，故选C。23. 细节理解题。根据I wonder. . he told to himself. I wonder if his absence has anything to do with one of these lessons. Mr Chen looked at the subjects for Thursday: Mathematics, English, P. E. He thought about P. E. He knew that the pupils had P. E. twice a week: once on Monday, when they usually played games on the school field, and once on Thursday, when they did exercises in the gym. Mr Chen glanced round the office to find Mr Long, the rather strict P. E. teacher, but he was not there可知，陈先生看了周四的课表，发现周四有一堂练习的体育课，每个周四大卫都请假，所以表示陈先生看完课程表后感觉他请假是与体育课有关，故选A。24. 词义猜测题。根据If hes scared of heights, hed better come and see me after school. Quite a few people suffer from（遭受）vertigo. Ill be glad to help him可知，如果他恐高，可以在放学后找我，许多人都恐高，我乐意为他提供帮助，所以可以推断出vertigo译为恐高眩晕，故选B。25. 主旨大意题。根据but hes afraid of heights. I was hard on him once because he wouldnt climb more than a couple of metres up the rope. Do you think thats why hes been absent recently以及If hes scared of heights, hed better come and see me after school. Quite a few people suffer from（遭受）vertigo. Ill be glad to help him可知，大卫恐高，在体育课上表现得不好，而且体育老师对他很严格，当体育老师得知这件事后，很乐意帮助他。所以可知得知，大卫恐高，故选C。B【2019 山东东营】Whats a spacewalk? Any time an astronaut gets out of a spacecraft(航天器) while in space, it is called a spacewalk. Astronauts go on spacewalks for many reasons. For example, experiments can be placed on the outside of a spacecraft. This lets scientists learn how being in space affects( 影响) different things. By going on spacewalks, astronauts can also fix things instead of bringing them back to the earth to fix.When astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe. Inside spacesuits, astronauts have the oxygen(氧气) they need to breathe and the water they need to drink. To keep the astronauts and the spacecraft safe, the astronauts must leave and go back to the spacecraft through a special door. When on a spacewalk, astronauts use safety tethers to stay close to their spacecraft. Tethers are like ropes, connect the spacewalkers with the spacecraft. They keep astronauts from floating( 漂 浮 ) away into space. Another way astronauts stay safe during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER. SAFER is worn like a backpack. It helps an astronaut move around in space.How do astronauts train for spacewalks? One way is by going for a swim. Floating in space is a lot like floating in water. Astronauts practice spacewalks underwater in a huge special swimming pool. For every one hour they will spend on a spacewalk, astronauts need to train seven hours in the pool. Another way astronauts practice for a spacewalk is by using virtual reality(虚拟现实). It looks and feels just like a spacewalk.Today, only three countries have finished spacewalks independently. They are Russia, the United States and China. The first person to go on a spacewalk in the world was Alexei Leonov from Russia. Zhai Zhigang is the first Chinese astronaut to go on a spacewalk. The world record of spacewalks is held by Russian astronaut Anatoly Solovyev. He has been on 16 spacewalks and spent more than 82 hours outside in space.26. About the spacewalk, we can know _ .A. some things can be fixed by astronauts during spacewalksB. all experiments must be placed on the outside of a spacecraftC. an astronaut can get out of a spacecraft any time while in spaceD. a spacewalk lets scientists learn how being in space affects different things27. How many ways to keep the astronauts safe during spacewalks?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.28. Whats the meaning of the word “tethers” in Paragraph 2?A. 吊篮B. 系绳C. 笼子D. 钩子29. Astronauts train for spacewalks by_ .A. floating in spaceB. using virtual realityC. going on spacewalks outside a spacecraftD. training in water in a common swimming pool30. According to the passage, which is NOT true?A. China can finish a spacewalk independently.B. Astronauts can breathe and drink in spacesuits.C. Astronauts can move around in space with the help of SAFER.D. Anatoly Solovyev is the first person to go on a spacewalk in the world.【短文大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述太空漫步。包括什么是太空漫步、太空漫步的原因、太空漫步时宇航员的安全保障、宇航员如何训练太空漫步以及人类太空漫步的历史。26. 推理判断题。根据experiments can be placed on the outside of a spacecraft可知，实验可以放在航天器的外部，而不是所有的实验都必须都放在航天器的外部，排除B；根据Any time an astronaut gets out of a spacecraft(航天器) while in space, it is called a spacewalk可知，任何时候宇航员在太空中走出飞船被叫做太空漫步，而不是宇航员在太空中任何时候都可以从宇宙飞船中出来，偷换概念，排除C；根据For example, experiments can be placed on the outside of a spacecraft. This lets scientists learn how being in space affects( 影响) different things可知，实验可以在航天器的外部这件事可以让科学家知道太空是如何影响不同的事物的，排除D；根据By going on spacewalks, astronauts can also fix things instead of bringing them back to the earth to fix可知，通过太空行走，宇航员可以修东西而不用将他们带回地球修，故选A。27. 细节理解题。根据When astronauts go on spacewalks, they wear spacesuits to keep themselves safe、To keep the astronauts and the spacecraft safe, the astronauts must leave and go back to the spacecraft through a special door、When on a spacewalk, astronauts use safety tethers to stay close to their spacecraft以及Another way astronauts stay safe during spacewalks is by wearing a SAFER可知，宇航员可以穿航天服、通过一个特别的门离开和返回航天器、用安全绳或者穿舱外活动简便救援装置，共四种，故选C。28. 词义猜测题。根据When on a spacewalk, astronauts use safety tethers to stay close to their spacecraft. Tethers are like ropes, connect the spacewalkers with the spacecraft可知，当太空漫步时，宇航员使用安全拴绳来与航天器保持近距离，安全绳像一个绳子，连接着太空漫步者和航天器。tether像一个绳子，所以是系绳，故选B。29. 细节理解题。根据One way is by going for a swim. Floating in space is a lot like floating in water. Astronauts practice spacewalks underwater in a huge special swimming pool以及Another way astronauts practice for a spacewalk is by using virtual reality可知，要么去特别的游泳池漂浮练习太空行走，要么使用虚拟现实练习太空行走，故选B。30. 细节理解题。根据Today, only three countries have finished spacewalks independently. They are Russia, the United States and China可知，中国能独立地完成太空行走，排除A；根据Inside spacesuits, astronauts have the oxygen(氧气) they need to breathe and the water they need to drink可知，宇航员能够在航天服里呼吸和喝水；根据SAFER is worn like a backpack. It helps an astronaut move around in space可知，宇航员可以在里面移动，排除C；根据The first person to go on a spacewalk in the world was Alexei Leonov from Russia可知，第一个太空行走的人是苏联的阿里克谢列昂诺夫。故选D。C【2019 山东莱芜】Wu Yue, a 14-year-old student at a Junior High School in Hangzhou, usually has lunch with his classmates in their dining hall. But one day, a newcomer, the school headmaster, joined them at the same table. They talked about the food that the dining hall offered and had a nice chat.Wu is not alone. Many students across China have the chance to eat with their headmasters. The government issued a notice on food safety and nutrition (营养) management in schools, asking headmasters from kindergarten to high school to have meals with students. The rule took effect(生效) on April 1st.Many schools now have seats for school managers when they eat with students in the dining hall. After talking with them, the managers have to write reports and make suggestions to dining hall workers. Many students were asked about the food that they liked most. To their surprise, their favorite dishes appeared in the dining hal