高考英语--语法填空专题ppt课件

Welcometoourclass GrammaticalFilling 语法填空解题策略 2018 03 题型解读 一篇200字左右的短文或对话6 7个根据给出单词的正确形式填空 不多于三个单词 3 4个根据上下文在空白处填所需内容 一个单词 能力考查 理解语篇 句子结构 运用语法 单词拼写 根据语义 确定词形 分析句子 确定词性 解题四步走 提示 四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据 每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据 通读全文 理解大意 总结提升 检查搭配 前后连贯 解题步骤 真题导航 技巧点拨 实战演练 命题探究 课后巩固 语法填空 真题导航 2018 Yangshuo ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI61 arrive inYangshuojustbeforedawn ButIdidn tcare Afewhours62 I dbeenathomeinHongKong with63 it chokingsmog Here theairwascleanandfresh evenwiththerain I dskippednearbyGuilin adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver64 arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese65 painting Instead I dheadstraightforYangshuo ForthosewhoflytoGuilin it sonlyanhouraway66 carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter knowncity Yangshuo67 be reallybeautiful Astudyoftravelers68 conduct bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia Abercrombie Kent atravelcompanyinHongKong saysit69 regular arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople70 live inShanghaiandHongKong Yangshuo ChinaItwasraininglightlywhenI61 arrive inYangshuojustbeforedawn ButIdidn tcare Afewhours62 I dbeenathomeinHongKong with63 it chokingsmog Here theairwascleanandfresh evenwiththerain I dskippednearbyGuilin adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver64 arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese65 painting Instead I dheadstraightforYangshuo ForthosewhoflytoGuilin it sonlyanhouraway66 carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter knowncity Yangshuo67 be reallybeautiful Astudyoftravelers68 conduct bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia Abercrombie Kent atravelcompanyinHongKong saysit69 regular arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople70 live inShanghaiandHongKong arrived earlier before its which that paintings by is conducted regularly living 61 谓语动词 62 副词 63 代词 64 引导词 65 名词 66 介词 67 谓语动词 68 非谓语动词 69 副词 70 非谓语动词 arrived earlier before its which that paintings by is conducted regularly living 61 谓语动词 62 副词 63 代词 64 引导词 65 名词 66 介词 67 谓语动词 68 非谓语动词 69 副词 70 非谓语动词 1 纯空格试题 62 64 66 2 给出了动词的试题 61 67 68 70 3 词类 形 义转换题 63 65 69 三个解题思路 命题探究 我们根据命题的三种情况来探讨各自不同的解题思路 1 纯空格题 确定填哪类词的具体方法有 技巧点拨 缺主语或宾语 很可能是填代词 因为一般不会要求考生填名词 1 Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore SherememberedhowdifficultwastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather 2 Shedidnothesitateforlong althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease 3 Behindhimwereotherpeopletowhomhewastryingtotalk butaftersomeminutes walkedawayandsatnearme lookingannoyed it him they 名词前是空格 若该名词前没有限定词 很可能是填冠词或some any other another either neither less more little few many much等 1 Now yearslater thisriverisoneof mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup 2 As result peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing 3 Afterthestudentleft theteacherlet studenttastethewater Hespititout sayingitwasawful the a another 名词或代词前面是空格 而该名词或代词在句中不作主语 补语 表语 也不作动词的宾语时 很可能是填介词 1 Thistrend whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity 医学界 amethodoffightingheartdisease hashadsomeunintendedsideeffects 2 Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback mydaysonaTVshowinthemid 1980s 3 ForthosewhoflytoGuilin it sonlyanhouraway carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter knowncity as to by 若两个或几个单词或短语 两个主谓之间没有连词 很可能是填连词 1 Therobberscameinatabout22 00onSaturdayleftat07 00onSunday 2 Likeanything itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth isnotgoodforthehealth 3 Buttheriverwasn tchangedinafewdays evenafewmonths 4 Maybeyouleaveahabit isdrivingyourfamilycrazy and which or which that 若结构较完整 空格后的谓语动词是原形 特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时 很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词 do does did等 1 ListentothesewordsfromDarwinP Kingsley Youhavepowersyouneverdreamedof Youcandothingsyouneverthoughtyou do 2 IexplainedthatwhileIdidn tcarryanycash I happentohaveanewblanket andaskedhimifhecoulduseit Hewasthrilled could did 2 词类 形 义转换题 根据该词在句中所作句子成分来确定用哪种形式 具体方法有 作表语 定语或补语 通常用形容词形式 1 However be care nottogotoextremes 2 Whilethereare amaze storiesofinstanttransformation formostofusthechangesaregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork likecleaningupapollutedriver Justbe patience careful amazing patient 作主语 在及物动词或介词后作宾语 用名词形式 1 WhenChina sancientscientificandtechnological achieve arementioned thenationwillgenerallyrefertotheFourGreatInventions 2 Perhapsitcameinto exist withthegreatincreaseinpopulationandthedevelopmentofmodernindustry existence achievements 在冠词 形容词性物主代词后 或者 冠词 形容词 后 用名词形式 1 Butfortouristslikeme pandasareitstop attract 2 Onhis arrive heparkedhisbikeoutsidethebackdoorasusual attraction arrival 修饰动词 形容词 副词 短语或句子作状语 用副词形式 1 Thetitlewillbe official giventomeataceremonyinLondon 2 Abercrombie Kent atravelcompanyinHongKong saysit regular arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeoplelivinginShanghaiandHongKong 3 Theriverwassopollutedthatit actual caughtfireandburned officially regularly actually 词义转换题 词类不用变 主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词 需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系 在词根前加un im 等 在词根后加 less等 1 Onceahabitisformed itisdifficult andsometimes possible togetridof 2 Yourmistakecausedalotof necessary workintheoffice 3 Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis noknowledgeis useful impossible unnecessary useless 所给的是形容词或副词 不改变词义或词性 填比较级或最高级 1 Finally thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris clean clean thanever 2 Even bad theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup cleaner worse 所给的是名词 不变词性 填复数 1 Thistrend hashadsomeunintendedside effect suchasoverweightandheartdisease 2 Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew day withhissistersothat 3 I dskippednearbyGuilin adreamplacefortourists insomanyChinese painting 4 formostofusthe change aregradual effects days paintings changes 3 给了动词的题 首先 要确定是谓语动词还是非谓语动词 若句中没有别的谓语动词 所给动词就是谓语动词 若是谓语动词 就要考虑时态 语态 人称 数和语气 1 Whenfatandsalt remove fromfood thefoodtastesasif 2 Fastfood be fulloffatandsalt 3 Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstage I allow togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600 acrecentre 4 ItwasraininglightlywhenI arrive inYangshuojustbeforedawn 5 Yangshuo be reallybeautiful 6 It be unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup areremoved is wasallowed arrived is was 注 若句中已有谓语动词 又不是并列谓语时 所给动词就是非谓语动词 若是非谓语动词就要确定用 ing形式 ed形式 还是用不定式 作主语或宾语 通常用 ing形式表示习惯或一般情况 用不定式表示具体的情况 1 Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt by eat morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet 2 Ittookyearsofwork reduce theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater 3 Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude introduce Britishvisitorstothe120 pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia eating toreduce introducing 作目的状语 结果状语 出乎意料 形容词后的状语 一般用不定式 1 Forexample theproverb pluckingupacrop help itgrow isbasedonthefollowingstory 2 Somepeoplesaythattheoldestchildren whoaresmartandstrong willed areverylikely succeed 3 Heopenedthedoor only find hiscomputerstolen tohelp tosucceed tofind 若判断用分词 与逻辑主语是主动关系用 ing形式 是被动关系用 ed形式 1 Astudyoftravelers conduct bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld 2 Abercrombie Kent atravelcompanyinHongKong saysitregularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople live inShanghaiandHongKong 3 Theheadmasterwentintothelab follow bytheforeignguests conducted living followed 特别提醒 有时给出的动词既不是谓语动词也不是非谓语动词 而是要求词类转换 如 1 Butfortouristslikeme pandasareitstop attract 2 ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather choose oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather attraction choice IfirstmetDeanwhenwewereboth15 Itwashalfwayintothesummertermwhenheshowedupatschool Nooneknew hewas orwherehecamefrom Therewasno announce Hejustwalkedintotheclassroomoneday allalone andseated he downatadesk Ipretendednottonoticehim andsodideveryoneelse Hewasanewkidandyoudon ttalktonewkids doyou Instead youjustcarryondoingwhatyou redoing Itwasthefirstclassafterthemorningbreak andwewereallhangingaround excite waitingfortheartteacher arrive Theclassroomwas noise Mostofusweresittingaroundtalking tryingtolookcool Butat sametime weflickedslyglancesathimandcheckedhimout Hedidn tseemtocare andjustsatthere coolasyoulike suckingtheendofapenciland look aroundtheroom Eventhen beforewe speak awordtoeachother IknewtherewassomethingspecialaboutDean Ididn tknowwhatitwas andIwasn tsureifIlikedit not butIknewitwassomethingIcouldn tresist IfirstmetDeanwhenwewereboth15 Itwashalfwayintothesummertermwhenheshowedupatschool Nooneknew hewas orwherehecamefrom Therewasno announce Hejustwalkedintotheclassroomoneday allalone andseated he downatadesk Ipretendednottonoticehim andsodideveryoneelse Hewasanewkidandyoudon ttalktonewkids doyou Instead youjustcarryondoingwhatyou redoing Itwasthefirstclassafterthemorningbreak andwewereallhangingaround excite waitingfortheartteacher arrive who announcement himself excitedly toarrive Theclassroomwas noise Mostofusweresittingaroundtalking tryingtolookcool Butat sametime weflickedslyglancesathimandcheckedhimout Hedidn tseemtocare andjustsatthere coolasyoulike suckingtheendofapenciland look aroundtheroom Eventhen beforewe speak awordtoeachother IknewtherewassomethingspecialaboutDean Ididn tknowwhatitwasandIwasn tsureifIlikedit not butIknewitwassomethingIcouldn tr