现在完成时 龙文教育一对一个性化辅导教案

龙文教育一对一个性化辅导教案学生杨煇学校六中年级初二次数第22次科目英语教师曾庆鑫日期2015.10.06时段10:30-12:30课题 现在完成时教学重点理解现在完成时的意义、结构和基本用法。教学难点 现在完成时和过去完成时的区别。教学目标熟练掌握现在完成时的用法，同时分清和其他时态的区别。教学步骤及教学内容1、 课前热身： 先读故事 A Catholic，然后复述出来。2、 内容讲解： 知识点一、现在完成时的意义：现在完 表示到现在为止已经完成或仍在持续的动作、状态；强调对现在的影响或联系。例： He has lived here since 1992. 从1992年起，他就住在这儿了。 They have known each other for ten years.他们已经认识彼此十年了。 知识点二、现在完成时的结构：肯定句式：现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）过去分词”。如： 否定句式：现在完成时的否定句式是“havent（hasnt）过去分词”。 知识点三、现在完成时中常见词组：ever（曾）、never（未曾）、already（已经） 、yet（仍、还）、just （刚刚）、before（以前) I have finished my homework already. 我已经完成我的作业了。He hasnt talked with us for three days yet.他已经三天没跟我们说话了。3、 课堂回顾；四、课外作业；管理人员签字： 日期： 年 月 日作业布置1、学生上次作业评价： 好 较好 一般 差 备注：2、本次课后作业：课堂小结 家长签字： 日期： 年 月 日现在完成时1、 口语热身： A Catholic （一个天主教徒）Little Tommy was doing very badly in math. His parents had tried everythingtutors (家庭教师), cards, special learning centersin short, everything they could think of. Finally they took Tommy to a catholic (天主教的) school.After the first day, little Tommy came home with a very serious look on his face. He didnt kiss his mother hello. Instead, he went straight to his room and started studying. Books and papers were spread (铺开) out all over the room and little Tommy was hard at work. His mother was surprised. She called him down to dinner and as soon as he finished eating, he went back to his room, without a word. In no time he was back hitting the books as hard as before. This went on for some time, day after day while the mother tried to understand what was happening.Finally, little Tommy brought home his report card. He quietly put it on the table and went up to his room and hit the books. His mom looked at it and to her surprise, little Tommy got an A in math. She could no longer hold her curiosity (好奇心). She went to his room and asked, “Son, what was it? Was it the nuns (修女)?”Little Tommy looked at her and shook his head, “No.”“Well then,” she asked again. “WHAT was it?”Little Tommy looked at her and said, “Well, on the first day of school, when I saw that man nailed (钉) to the plus sign (加号), I knew they werent joking.”二、现在完成时讲解：（一）引入：-Did you visit Beijing before? -Yes, I did. -No, I didnt. Have you ever visited Beijing? Yes, I _. No, I _. Have you ever been to Beijing? Yes, I _. No, I _. （二）定义: 现在完成时表示到现在为止已经完成或仍在持续的动作、状态；强调对现在的影响或联系。例： He has lived here since 1992. 从1992年起，他就住在这儿了。 They have known each other for ten years.他们已经认识彼此十年了。 （三） 主+have/has+p.p.(动词过去分词)+其他 肯定句式：现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）过去分词”。如： We have just finished our homework She has gone home 否定句式：现在完成时的否定句式是“havent（hasnt）过去分词”。如： We havent studied Unit 2 yet The train hasnt stopped yet疑问句式：现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。 Have you read this story book yet？ 特殊疑问句及反意疑问句结构如下： What have you done with my bike? 【注意】1）现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。 2）把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时，往往译成“过吗？”、“已经了吗？”等。 3）其肯定回答用“Yes，have（has）”，否定回答用“No，havent（hasnt）”，有时用“No，not yet”或“No，never”。 （四）动词过去分词(p.p)的变化：动词过去分词跟有规则变化和不规则变化两种情况，不规则变化应特别记忆。规则变化和过去式一样，即如下形式：一般在动词后直接加ed。如：climbed，worked，asked等。以e结尾的动词在后面直接加d。如：lived，described，agreed等。以辅音字母y结尾的，先把y变为i再加ed。如：crycried，copycopied，trytried等。以元音字母y结尾的，直接加ed。如enjoyenjoyed，playplayed等。以重读闭音节结尾的单词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，则先双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。如：stopstopped，planplanned，preferpreferred等。（五）现在完成时常与一些词、词组连用 :1、ever（曾）、never（未曾）、already（已经） 、yet（仍、还）、just （刚刚）、before（以前) I have finished my homework already. 我已经完成我的作业了。He hasnt talked with us for three days yet.他已经三天没跟我们说话了。 The father has come back before the mother cooked meal.在妈妈做饭前，爸爸已经回来了。2、for +一段时间 : for two days 有两天了3. in the past/last一段时间 : in the past ten years 在刚过去的十年里4. since + 过去某一个时间: since 1991 : 自从1991年到现在 一段时间 + ago since 14 years ago: 自从14年前到现在 一般过去时句子: since I was born : 自从我出生到现在用for, since及how long填空1. The wind has blown ( ) 2 hours.2. The dog has stayed there ( ) it ate its dinner.3. ( ) has the old man lain in bed?4. The teacher has thought about the problem ( ) yesterday.5. The horse has run ( ) quite a long time.6. The ducks have swum ( ) thirty minutes.7. The poor child has worn the old clothes ( ) 7 years old.【词语辨析】 （1）have been to, have gone toHave (has) been to表示曾经到过某地（通常现在已经回来了） My mother has been to London twice. 妈妈去过两次伦敦。（妈妈现在已经回来了，在家）Have (has) gone to 表示已经去了某地（通常不在说话的地方） My mother has gone to London. 妈妈去了伦敦。（妈妈现在就在伦敦，不在家）练习：1.Jenny is well-traveled. She has _ to Germany twice.2.Jane isnt in now. She has _ to the office. Can I take a message?3.My father is a successful businessman. Hes _ to many countries.4.Its a dangerous place. Nobody has ever _there.5.The manager has _to Beijing. He will be back tomorrow.6.The tiger of the zoo is missing. None of us knows where it has_.（2）have been to, have been in, have beenHave been to 去过某地，现在不在那里 I have been to Paris. Now I am staying in Zhuhai.Have been in 一直呆在某地，后接地点 I came to Zhuhai in 2004. So I have been in Zhuhai for 2 years already.Have been 后接名词和表状态的词组 I have been a teacher since 2004. I have been at No. 4 Middle School for 2 years.练习：1. A: Wheres Jim, Li Lei?B: He _the school library.2. The Greens _China for three years. We _the Great Wall twice. Its very beautiful.3. Some of us have _ Zhuhai for only a week.4. Susan has _ in this band for over five years.5.My father has _Guangdong several times.6. It has _a long time since I first met Johnny.（五）现在完成时和一般过去时的区别现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以它不能和过去具体的时间连用,而过去时可以.一般过去时常和过去时间短语连用。1.He _(work) in our school for one year.2.He _(come) to our school last year/in 2002.3.They _(cook) the supper already.4.They _ (cook) the supper half an hour ago.5. _ you ever _ (drink) coke?6. “_ you _ (buy) a dictionary? “ “Yes, I _ .”7.“Where _ you _ (buy) it?” “ I _ (buy) it in a bookstore.”8. “When _ you _ (buy) it?” “ Yesterday.”【注意】用“when”引导的疑问句用一般过去式。I have been here for long time.When did you come here?现在完成时巩固练习（1） 单选。1. -_ to the United Stated ? - No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago. A. Did you go B. Do you go C. Have you been D. Have you gone2. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _ her parents. A. do B. does C. has D. have3. I have watched the game. -When _ you _ it?A have watched B do watch C did watch D will watch4. Mr. Green _ in China since five years ago.A lived B has lived C lives D is going to live5. Where is Han Mei now? - She _ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days.A has gone B has been C goes D had gone（二）用过去时或现在完成时填空：1. “_ you _ (have) lunch ?” “Yes.”2. “When _ you _ (have) it?” “I _ (have) it at 12:00.”3. “_ you _ (write) a letter to your aunt yet?” “Yes, I _. I _ (write) one last week.”4. “_ he _ (finish) his homework?” “Not yet.”5. “_ they ever _ (be) abroad?” “Yes, just once.”6. Your father _ just _ (finish) his work.7. Your father _ (finish) his work just now.8. Last term I _ (learn) many English words.9. They _ (not read) the interesting books yet.10. He _ never _ (go) to the science museum.（三）翻译。1.我已经做完家庭作业了。 _2. He has just had his meal_3. Have you ever sung this English song？_？ 4. They havent started yet_5.We have never heard of it_。 6.我去过北京三次。_（四）划线提问1) I have been there for two days. _ _ _ you _ _ ?1) My father has lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _?2) He left here yesterday._ _ he _ _?3) They bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a book?三、综合练习：语法选择NDS.NDSL and NDSI are very famous and popular game machines in the world. They are_21_the products of Nintendo. They look very_22_. These three game machines_23_three brothers. NDS is _24_one. It was born in 2004. It can be used_25_ playing GBA games and NDS games. You can play games by _26_the screen or pressing the buttons. And you can play some games_27_several friends atthe same time. NDSL was born in 2006. It is very similar to NDS but it is a little _28_ than NDS. NDSI is the youngest. It has some _29_ from NDS and NDSL. NDSI has a camera. And it has some changes in the buttons. And NDSI has a music player. , According to some-people, these three handheld game machines will become even _30_in the future.21. A. bothB. wholeC. togetherD. all22. A. similarB. SimilarlyC. more similarD. most similar23. A. looking likeB. look likesC. look likeD. looks like24. A. oldB. olderC. the olderD. the oldest25. A. asB. toC. forD. in26. A. touchB. touchesC. touchedD. touching27. A.withB. toC. onD. by28. A. small and lightB. smaller and lighterC. more small and moreD. much small and much light29. A. differentB. difference C. differencesD. difficult30. A. popularB. much popularC. more popularD. the most popular 完形填空Mah has invented four kind of satellite（卫星）. The first kind of satellite_31_earth. They are used to make maps. They also help countries to see where they may_32_ oil or gold.The second kind of satellite is used to guide ships and planes. A ship or a plane can_33_. a message to the satellite, and satellite can find out_34_the ship or the plane is.The third kind studies the weather. These satellites_35_clouds and strong winds moving across the earth. They warn(提醒) countries to make preparations（准备）when very _36_ weather is coming. _37_kind is used for communication(通信). Telephone calls _38_countries can be sent by these satellites. Some can carry hundreds of calls at the same time. The call is sent to the satellite, then the_39_sends it to a station in the country and this country is being phoned. These satellites also carry pictures; they can receive and send about eight_40_at a time.3l . A. savesB. makesC. guidesD. studies32. A. carryB. findC. keepD. choose33. A. writeB.takeC. sendD. bring34. A. whereB. whatC. whichD. that35.A.haveB. watchC. noticeD. see36.A.sunnyB. coolC. badD. fine37. A. The lastB. AnotherC. OneD. Any other38.A.amongB. alongC. betweenD. of39.A.TVB. telegraphC. telephoneD. satellite40.A.playsB. programmesC. filmsD. languages四、课外作业：（一）单选。1. The students will plant trees if it _ tomorrow.A. didnt rain B. hasnt rained C. wont rain D. doesnt rain2. We dont have enough meat in the fridge. I _ some more in the supermarket soon. A. buy B. will buy C. buys D. has bought3. What are the kids doing? They _ flowers in the garden. A. grow B. will grow C. grew D. are growing4. Mr. Smith is our English teacher. He _in our school since 2002. A. worked B. has worked C. works D. will work5. How clean your car is!It _ every day. A. cleans B. has cleaned C. cleaned D. is cleaned6. -_you _TV at the moment ?-No, You can turn it off. A. Did watch B. Are watching C. Do watching D. have watching7. -Have you heard of the book ”Tasting the Three Kingdoms” by Yi Zhong tian? -It_ my favorite since I first read it last autumn. A was B will be C has beenD had been8. Would you like to go to the Water Park with me?No, thanks. I_ there many times.A had been B had gone C have been D have gone9. We_ home if there is no bus.Oh, what a pity!A. will walk B. have walked C. walked D. walk10. Where is Judy ? She _the Palace Museum. A. has been to B. had been to C. has gone to D. had done to11. Listen! What a beautiful song! Who_ in the next room? I dont know. Is that marry? A. sing B. sings C. is singing D. has sung12. Please tell her the news when she_. Ok, I will. A. comes B. will come. C. come D. would come13. Dont make so much noise. We _ to the music. A. listened B. listen C. are listening D. have listened14. I must return the c