高中英语动词不定式的用法详解ppt课件

Unit1 RevisetheInfinitive livingwell DoyoubelieveIcanflylikeabird HowcanyoubelieveIcanflylikeabird istobelieve It simpossibleforhumans now Tosee toflylikeabird 结构 todo 否定 nottodo 二 时态与语态 不定式 todo tobedone tobedoing tohavedone tohavebeendone tohavebeendoing 1 Theypretendednottoseeus 2 Hepretendedtobesleeping 3 Shepretendedtohaveknownitbefore 一般式表示与谓语的动作同时 几乎同时 发生在它之后 进行式表示在谓语动词发生的同时 不定式的动作也正在进行 完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前 4 We rehappytohavebeenworkingwithyou 完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前 不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续 1 作主语 2 作宾语 3 作宾语补足语 4 作定语 5 作状语 6 作表语 7 作独立成分 8 与疑问词等连用 1 不定式作主语时 往往放在谓语之后 用it作形式主语 Toseeistobelieve It simpossibleforhumanstoflylikeabirdnow 2 不定式作表语 protecttheworld Helikesto Ifinditstillnecessary forhim to ifhewantstowin 3 不定式作宾语 playbasketball 句型 think consider findit adj todo 常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有 agree afford appear ask attempt care choose claim dare decide demand deserve determine expect fail get guarantee hate hesitate hope hurry intend learn manage offer plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend threaten want wish等 todo Theteachertoldmeto Iexpectyouto 4 不定式作宾补 handinmypapers Theteachertoldmetocleantheblackboard Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp 引导不定式作宾补的动词 五看 watch see lookat observe notice 三使 let make have 二听 listento hear 一感觉 feel Warn tell allow help ask force等 sbtodosth sbdosth 省略to Imadehimdohiswork Hewasmadetodohiswork byme 变成被动 被省略的to要还原 不定式用在介词but except besides后时 如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式 那么介词后的不定式不带to 相反则带to 1 Shecoulddonothingbutcry 2 Ihavenochoicebuttogo Note1 Note2 Ihavesomethingtosay butmybrotherhasalotofhomework soIamlookingforsomeone 5 不定式作定语 不定式作定语时 应放在被修饰词的后面 而且放在其他后置定语之后 1 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词 或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点 工具等 不定式后面须有相应的介词 Heislookingforaroomtolivein 2 不定式所修饰的名词如果是time place或way 不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去 Hehadnomoneyandnoplacetolivein 3 something anything nothing everything等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语 注意比较 1 Haveyouanythingtosend 你有什么东西要寄吗 2 Haveyouanythingtobesent 你有什么要 我或别人 寄的东西吗 不定式tosend的动作执行者是you 不定式tobesent的动作执行者是已被省略的me或someoneelse Igotupearlyto Icamehereto 6 不定式作状语 inorderto soasto enoughto onlyto too to catchthetrain Totellthetruth Iamnothappyatthemoment 7 独立结构 tobefrank tobehonest totellthetruth Hedidn tknow 8 与疑问词等连用 whattosay 不定式与疑问词who which when how what等连用 在句中起名词作用 可充当主语 表语 宾语等 Hedidn tknowwhattosay 宾语 Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimportant 主语 Myquestioniswhentostart 表语 注意 在与why连用时 只用于why或whynot开头的简短疑问句中 后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to Whynothavearest 9 不定式的省略 1 不定式中的动词上文已出现过 下文要省略该动词 e g Wouldyouliketogowithme I dliketo 2 不定式是tobe结构 be不可省 e g Wouldyouliketobeateacher I dliketobe Martysays 2 Ihavelearnedtoadapttomydisability 3 Iusedtoclimbtreesandswimandplayfootball 4 ThenIstartedtogetweakerandweaker HaveALk 1 Thedoctorsdon tknow sotheydon tknowhowtomakemewell Martysays HaveALk 5 Evenafterallthetests noonecouldgivemydiseaseaname soitisdifficulttoknowwhatthefuturewillbelike 6 Sometimes Iamtooweaktogotoschool 7 MyambitionistoworkinthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup 8 LastyearIinvented andabigcompanyhasdecidedtobuyitfromme Martysays HaveALk 9 Ihavealotofstudytodoaswell especiallyafterIhavebeensickforawhile 10 Ihavehadtoworkhardtoliveanormallife butithasbeenworthit 11 IfIhadthechancetosayonethingtohealthykids itwouldbethis 12 Justacceptthemforwhotheyareandgivethemencouragementtoliveasrichandfullalifeasyoudo 介词 Exercise 1 Thepatientwaswarned oilyfoodaftertheoperation A toeatnotB eatingnotC nottoeatD noteating2 Iwouldlove tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport A togoB tohavegoneC goingD havinggone3 CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered thefirstcomputer A toinventB inventingC tohaveinventedD havinginvented 4 LittleJimshouldlove tothetheatrethisevening A tobetakenB totakeC beingtakenD taking5 lateintheafternoon Bobturnedoffthealarm A TosleepB SleepingC SleepD Havingsleep6 Theteacheraskedus somuchnoise A don tmakeB notmakeC notmakingD nottomake 7 Pauldoesn thavetobemade Healwaysworkshard A learnB tolearnC learnedD learning9 Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet buthismothertoldhim A nottoB nottodoC nottorideD donotto 10 Robertissaid abroad butIdon tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin tohavestudiedB tostudyC tobestudyingD tohavebeenstudying11 Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier itmoredifficult notmakeB nottomakeC notmakingD don tmake12 I veworkedwithchildrenbefore soIknowwhat inmynewjob expectedB toexpectC tobeexpectingD expects 13 Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple butitremains whethertheywillenjoyit A toseeB tobeseenC seeingD see14 ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows itwhattodowithB whattodowithitC whattodoitwithD todowhatwithit Iwanttotellyousomething Hi Iwanttotellyousomething IwillgotoRuianforshoppingthisafternoon Doyouwanttogowithme First I dliketogotoKaiTaistore Buttobefrank mostoftimeIamthereonlytodosomewindowshopping becauseeverythingisexpensive Then IplantogotoHongQiaoroadtobuysomeclothes Iliketotrythenewfashionstyleofthisseason Bythe