托福口语资料task-4ppt课件

Rebecca TOEFLiBTSPEAKING托福口语TASK4 Task4 Generalintroduction Anintegratedtaskreading listening speaking Academicsubjectbutnopriorknowledgeofanyacademicfieldarerequired Reading 75 100wordsandwilldisappearafter 40 45 toread Listening conversationonsametopicwithpicture 1 1 5 tolisten Speaking combineinfo intwosources nopersonalideas30 toprepare 60 tospeak Task4 1 Readingsection thefoundationforlisteningandanswering WhattoreadinT4 Aconceptofageneralprincipleandspecificexamples ORAproblemandrespectsaboutit waystosolveit 带着一个 概念是什么 现象是什么 的想法来阅读 Academicsubject sciences arts 多为日常生活中的人文 科学常识 难度适中 1 lifescience 生命科学 thestudyoflivingorganisms suchasbiology medicine orecology potentiality howtostorefood2 socialscience 社会科学 thestudyofhumansociety perception3 physicalscience 自然科学 thestudyofthenatureandnonlivingmatter suchasphysics chemistry orgeology secondaryecologicalsuccession 二级生态演替 4 humanity 人文科学 thestudyofhumanthoughtandculture suchasphilosophy literature andart visualelements movie Academicsubject sciences arts 题目出现的比例 最多为人文科学 60 以上 社会学和生命学中等 20 左右 自然科学极少 lessthan10 Readingexample1 Oneofthemostpersistentdesiresofhumanbeingshasbeentoindulgeinmood changingandpleasure givingpractices Forinstance diversecultureshaveengagedinthedrinkingofalcoholicbeverageofalldescriptions Butaswithmostpleasure overindulgencecanbeharmfultooneselfandothers Also noteveryoneagreesthatdrinkingorusingothermoodmodifiersshouldbeanacceptedpleasure Readingexample1 Oneofthemostpersistentdesiresofhumanbeingshasbeentoindulgeinmood changingandpleasure givingpractices Forinstance diversecultureshaveengagedinthedrinkingofalcoholicbeverageofalldescriptions Butaswithmostpleasure overindulgencecanbeharmfultooneselfandothers Also noteveryoneagreesthatdrinkingorusingothermoodmodifiersshouldbeanacceptedpleasure Desires mood changing pleasure givingeg drinking over not人人accept cautions 根据上下文猜测生词 context 1 抓住文中认识的尤其是认识的主要动词 据此来推断周围的生词的大意 2 例推法 根据文章中的例子来推其前面的重要词汇 3 比较连接词 推断前后信息 Although by including when sothat 读通文意比记笔记更重要 重要信息一般出现在signalwords之后 2 Listeningsection additionalinfo foranswering WhattolisteninT4 Abrieflectureinwhichaprofessorgivesmoreexamplesordetails cautions 根据信号词推断逻辑和次重点 1 one another first second next generally 结构 2 essential important key main necessary primary significant especially 次重点 3 cause consequence effect example problem reason result characteristic feature function idea point quality 重点细节 抓大意在先 探细节在后 不要在小词上纠缠有听不懂的关键名词 记下模糊发音或用代号 听的时候 带着 老师用什么例子来进行说明 这个问题去听 3 Speakingsection combineinfo in2sources nopersonalideas WhattospeakinT4 描述阅读材料中涉及的概念 如果没有 自己总结 解释听力材料中的例子 听力听得较好可以选择不回答阅读内容 互补 Generalformat Thelectureisabout 授课主题 referringto 主题定义 10 Theprofessorgivestheexampleof 具体内容 1 2点 50 Inthefirstexample hestatesthat Firstofall hepointsoutthat Thesecondpointisthat Theprofessoralsosaysthat Casestudy1 NarratorNowreadthepassageaboutsocialinteraction Youhave45secondstoreadthepassage Beginreadingnow Explanation Notesforreading socialinterac influ onbeha presenceofothersaffecteg audienceeffects affectedifknowtheyrvisible watched NarratorNowlistentopartofatalkinasociologyclass Theprofessorisdiscussingaudienceeffects Notesoflistening Interaction impactonbehav Knowbeingwatched performspeed1 Tieshoeswithlaces2 Learnnewthings typingBut moremistakes Whenthedialogueended thepictureofthestudentswillbereplacedbythefollowing Thequestionwillthenappearonyourcomputerscreenandwillalsoreadbythenarrator 整理笔记 最终开口 T accordingtothereading audienceeffectsaffectediftheyknowbeingwatchedExample1 tyingshoes 1groupknew typefaster 1not Example2 learningtotypefaster butmistakes Theprincipleofaudienceeffectsisthatindividuals performanceisaffectedbytheknowledgethatothersarewatchingthem Theprofessorusesexamplesoftyingshoesandlearningtotypetodemonstratethatweactuallyincreaseourspeedofperformingifweknowthatwearebeingobserved Intheexampleoftyingshoes onegroupofcollegestudentswastoldthattheywerebeingobserved theotherdidn tknowtheywerebeingobserved Thestudentswhoknewtheywerebeingwatchedtiedtheirshoesmuchfasterthantheothergroup Andintheexampleoflearningtotype whenweareconsciousofbeingobserved wewillincreasetypingspeed Wetypefasterthanwedoalone Also otherbehavioralpatternwillincrease likemakingmistakes Sowhenwetypefasterwhenweknowwearebeingobserved wealsomakemoremistakes 示范回答 Sampleanswer1 Inthislecture theprofessorgivestwoexamplestoillustratetheprinciplesofaudienceeffects Oneofthemistyingshoes andtheotheroneishowtotype Sointheexperimentwheretwogroups totietheirshoes Thefirstgroupweresaidtheywerebeobserved Theotheronewasnottoldso Thefirstgroupthattheyknewtheywouldbeobservedtiedtheirshoesfaster andtheotheroneslower Inthesecondexample activitiessuchaslearningtyping againwhenpeopleareconscioustheyarebeingobservedtheytypefaster However theytendtomakemoremistakesaswell Sothesuggestionistopracticenewactivitiesaloneinordertoreducemistakes Speakclearlyandfluently Showagoodcommandovergrammarandvocabulary Stateveryclearlyandlogicallytheconceptandtwoexamples Topic段 T1OK sowesaidthatthewayweinteractwithothershasanimpactonourbehavior Infact there ssomeinterestingresearchtosuggestthatinonetypeofinteraction whenwe rebeingobservedspecifically whenweknowwe rebeingwatchedasweperformsomeactivity wetendtoincreasethespeedatwhichweperformthatactivity 分组 标准 Reason段 R1 Inonestudy collegestudentswereaskedtoeachputonapairofshoes shoeswithlacestheywouldhavetotie Nowonegroupofstudentswastoldthattheywouldbeobserved Thesecondgroup however didn tknowtheywerebeingobserved Thestudentswhowereawarethattheywerebeingwatchedactuallytiedtheirshoesmuchfasterthanthestudentswhothoughttheywerealone Otherstudiesconfirmthesameistrueevenwhenwe relearningnewactivities 差别 特征 Let ssaysomeoneislearninganewtask forexample learninghowtotype Whenthey reconsciousofbeingobserved they lllikelybegintypingatamuchfasterratethantheywouldiftheywerealone But andthisisinteresting thestudyalsoshowedthatcertaincommonbehavior thingspeopletypicallydo like makingmistakeswhenyou relearningsomethingnewthatbehaviorpatternwillalsoincrease Soinotherwords whenwe relearningtotype andweknowwe rebeingwatched we lltypefasterbutwe llalsomakemoremistakes Reason段 R2 Homework SamplingerrorOften studentsoremployeeswillbeaskedto