园区网高可用HSRP,VRRP培训

ImplementingHighAvailabilityinaCampusEnvironment,ConfiguringLayer3RedundancywithHSRP,RoutingIssues:UsingDefaultGateways,RoutingIssues:UsingProxyARP,RouterRedundancy,RouterRedundancy(Cont.),HSRP,Standbygroup:ThesetofroutersparticipatinginHSRPthatjointlyemulateavirtualrouter,TheactiverouterrespondstoARPrequestswiththeMACaddressofthevirtualrouter.,TheActiveRouter,TheVirtualRouterMACAddress,TheStandbyRouter,Thestandbyrouterlistensforperiodichellomessageson224.0.0.2.,ActiveandStandbyRouterInteraction,HSRPStates,AnHSRProutercanbeinoneofsixdifferentstates:InitialLearnListenSpeakStandbyActive,HSRPStateTransition,InitialInitial,ListenListen,ActiveSpeak,StandbyListen,SpeakSpeak,Standby,RouterAPriority100,RouterBPriority50,HSRPStandbyGroup1,RouterBhearsthatrouterAhasahigherpriority,sorouterBreturnstothelistenstate.,RouterAdoesnothearanyhigherprioritythanitself,sopromotesitselftostandby.,RouterAdoesnothearanactiverouter,sopromotesitselftoactive.,Arouterinthestandbystate:IsacandidateforactiverouterSendshellomessagesKnowsthevirtualrouterIPaddress,HSRPStandbyState,Arouterintheactivestate:AssumestheactiveforwardingofpacketsforthevirtualrouterSendshellomessagesKnowsthevirtualrouterIPaddress,HSRPActiveState,HSRPConfigurationCommands,Configurestandby1ip10.1.1.1Verifyshowrunning-configshowstandby,EnablingHSRPonaCiscorouterinterfaceautomaticallydisablesICMPredirects.,ConfiguringanHSRPStandbyInterface,DisplayingtheStandbyBriefStatus,Switch#showstandbybriefPindicatesconfiguredtopreempt.|InterfaceGrpPrioPStateActiveaddrStandbyaddrGroupaddrVl1111110Activelocal172.16.11.114172.16.11.115,Summary,RouterredundancyallowstwoormorerouterstoworkasagrouptomaintainforwardingofIPpackets.AsingledefaultgatewayorproxyARPdoesnotprovidetheredundancyrequiredinacampusnetwork.HSRPprovidesrouterredundancytoenddevices.HSRPoperatestoprovidenonstoppathredundancyforIP.AnHSRP-enabledrouterwillexistinaspecificstateortransitionthroughaseriesofstates.HSRPisconfiguredusingthestandbycommand.HSRPisenabledperinterface.,ImplementingHighAvailabilityinaCampusEnvironment,OptimizingHSRP,Summary,Preempt,timers,andinterfacetrackingareoptionsthatcanbeconfiguredtooptimizeHSRP.HSRPpreemptcanbetunedbyadjustingtimersthatcantherebyreducefailovertime.Tofacilitateloadsharing,asingleinterfaceonaroutercanbeamemberofmultipleHSRPgroups.SpecificdebugcommandsareusedtoviewHSRPstatechanges.DebugcanbeusedtodiscoverthevirtualIPaddressandthepriorityoftheactiveandstandbyrouters.,ImplementingHighAvailabilityinaCampusEnvironment,ConfiguringLayer3RedundancywithVRRPandGLBP,VRRP,VRRPOperationalProcess,ConfiguringVRRPonanInterface,EnableVRRPonaninterfaceanddisplaytheconfiguration.,GatewayLoadBalancingProtocol,SinglevirtualIPaddressandmultiplevirtualMACaddressesTraffictosinglegatewaydistributedacrossroutersAutomaticreroutingintheeventofanyfailureFulluseofresourcesonallrouterswithouttheadministrativeburdenofcreatingmultiplegroups,GLBPOperations,GLBPgroupmemberselectoneAVG.AVGassignsavirtualMACaddresstoeachmemberofthegroup.AVGrepliestotheARPrequestsfromclientswithdifferentvirtualMACaddresses,thusachievingloadbalancing.EachrouterbecomesanAVFforframesthatareaddressedtothatvirtualMACaddress.,GLBPOperation,GLBPOperation(Cont.),GLBPInterfaceTracking,GLBPInterfaceTracking(Cont.),ConfiguringGLBPonanInterface,EnableGLBPonaninterfaceanddisplaytheconfiguration.,Summary,VRRPprovidesrouterredundancyinamannersimilartoHSRP.VRRPsupportsamasterandoneormorebackuprouters.VRRPandGLBPareconfiguredperinterface.GLBPprovidesrouterredundancyandloadbalancing.GLBPbalancestrafficbyallocatingavirtualMACaddresstoeachAVF.,ModuleSummary,HSRPisenabledsothatredundantr