高中英语 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern heroSection Three Grammar1课件 新人教版必修1.ppt

Unit5NelsonMandela-AModernHero,一.定义1.定语从句(theattributiveclause):在复合句中,修饰某词或代词的从句叫定语从句.在句子中起定语作用.2.先行词(antecedent):被定语修饰的词叫先行词.,定语从句,TheAttributiveClause,二.分类,定语从句,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that,as,关系副词:when,where,why,that,TheboywhocamefirstwasSongYalong.,Theboy,whoseclothesareorange,isfromclassnine.,ThestudentswhoarewearingschooluniformarefromClassNine.,Maryisastudent.Shesagirl.Shes16.Herdadisateacher,hermotherisateacher,too.Shesourmonitor.Shesverystrictwithus.Thismakesusangry.Wealllikeher.,Mary,agirlstudentof16,whoseparentsarebothteachers,isourmonitor.Sheisverystrictwithus,whichmakesusangry,butwealllikeher.,关系代词的具体用法:,1.Who做主语和宾语,做宾语可以省略.,Hesaman.Isawhimyesterday.,HeisthemanwhoIsawyesterday.,正在弹琴的那个女孩是Kate.,ThegirlwhoisplayingthepianoisKate.,Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.,2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Hereisthemanwhom/whoyourelookingfor.Hereisthemanforwhomyourelookingfor.,Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.,ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.,3.Whose可修饰人也可以修饰物,作定语.,Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.DoyouknowthegirlwhosefatherdiedinIraq,Doyouknowtheboy?Hiscoatisblack.,Doyouknowtheboywhosecoatisblack?,4.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.Thegoatiseatingherflowers.,Mrs.Clackisangrywiththegoatwhichiseatingherflowers.,b.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?,5.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,a.Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,b.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.,HeisthemanthatItoldyouabout.,Idontknowtheboythatiseating.,TheteacherthatisbattlingcryingisMissSong.,指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.ThegirlwhomImetisLucy.3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebookwhichyouboughtyesterday.,1Thewomanisateacher.2Thewomanlivesnextdoor.,Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.,Wewatchedtheplay“Teahouse”.TheplaywaswrittenbyLaoShe.,Wewatchedtheplay“teahouse”,which/thatwaswrittenbyLaoShe.,Exercises:1.Thegirl_issittinginthechairisagoodsinger.2.Theskirt_Maryboughttwoyearsagoisold.3.Isthisthenovel_youintroducedtome?4.Whereistheboy_brokethewindow?5.Luckilynoneofthepeople_Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。,(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。,Everythingthatwesawwasinteresting.,(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。,Allthathastobedonehasbeendone.,(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.,(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame修饰时。,Thisistheonlybookthathehas.,(5)当先行词是人和物共存时,要用that.,HetoldmeaboutthepersonsandthethingsthathemetwithinEurope.,6.先行词为数词.YesterdayIcaughttwofishandputtheminthewater.Nowyoucanseethetwothatarestillalive.,7.主句是以who和which开头的特殊疑问句.Whichisthesubjectthatyoulikebest?Whoisthemanthatyouspoketojustnow?,8.主句用therebe,用that.Thereare200peoplethatdidntknowthetruth.,9.当先行词在定语从句中作be的表语时,用that.Sheisntthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.,用which不用that的情况,1.关系代词在限制性定语从句中,紧跟介词做宾语.(介词提前),Thosearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.,2.引导非限制性定语从句,只能由which.,Football,whichisaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.,关系代词（who,whom,which,that，whose）,Exercise:,1.Thesecondbook_IwanttoreadisBusinesstheSpeedofThought.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.as,2.Thebook_issoldoutatthemoment.A.youneedB.whatyouneedC.whichyouneeditD.thatyouneedit,3.Imoneoftheboysneverlateforschool.A.thatisB.whoareC.whoamD.whois,4.Thesebookareforstudents_motherlanguageisnotEnglish.ofwhomB.thatC.whichD.whose,5.Isthismuseum_theyvisitedlastmonth?thatB.whereC.whichD.theone6.Isthisthemuseumtheyvisitedlastmonth?whatB.whereC.whichD.theone,7.Theyoungman_isanengineerofmyfactory.thatyoujusttalkedB.whomyoujusttalkedtoC.whichyoujusttalkedD.whoyoujusttalked,8.Thedictionary_Ipaidonedollarwasveryinteresting.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.towhich,历届高考题回顾1.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhoD.towhom2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_hegrewupasachild.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when3.Wecametoaplace_theyhadneverpaidavisittobefore.A.whereB.whichC.tothatD.towhich,D,B,B,6.as引导限制性定语从句.,ThisisthesamepenasIlost.ThisisthesamepenthatIlost.,这支笔和我丢的那只一模一样.这支笔就是我丢的那只.,Thisissuchaninterestingbookaswealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbookthatwealllikeit.,Asyouknow/asyousee/asweplanned/asweexpected/asisannounced/asisreported/asispointedout/ashehasbeensaidbefore/asismentionedabove/asisshown/asisknowntoall/asweallknow,etc.,As和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句,有时可以互换.,Theearthisround,which/asisknowntoall.,下列情况多用as.,1).关系代词引导的定语从句放在句首时,用as.Asweallknow,theearthisround.,2).当such或thesame连用时,一般用as.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanasyou.,3).当从句和主句语义一致时,用as反之用which.,Shehasmarriedagain,_wasexpected.Shehasmarriedagain,_wasunexpected.,as,which,1._ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorschoolsisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.It2.Dontread_books_youcantunderstand.A.such;thatB.so;thatC.such;asD.so;as3.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_hehadstolentothepolice.A.WhichB.whatC.whateverD.that,4.Theoldmanhastwosons,_workinShanghai.A.bothofwhichB.bothofwhomC.bothofthemD.that5.John,_handwritingwasverybeautiful,wasgoingtothecontest,too.A.ofwhoB.ofwhichC.whosD.whose6.Myhometownisnolong