U6L3救生艇(1)

.,Lesson3LifeboatSystem救生艇系统,.,救生艇的种类,部分封闭式救生艇,全封闭式救生艇,自由降落救生艇（尾抛艇）,开敞式救生艇,.,救生艇的收放步骤(开敞式),.,.,.,.,.,.,Makethebestchoice,3.Theropebringingthelifeboatalongsidetheembarkationdeckis.A.hanging-offpendant助吊索B.bowsingtackle止荡索C.lizardline带心环短索D.painter艇首缆答案：B,.,Warming-upAlifeboatisasmall,rigidorinflatableboatcarriedforemergencyevacuationintheeventofadisasterdz:st(r)aboardaship.救生艇是船舶携带的、在船上发生灾难时用于紧急疏散的小型的、刚性的或可充气的小艇。Ship-launchedlifeboatsareloweredfromdavitsonashipsdeck,andareunsinkableinnormalcircumstances.船上降落的救生艇从甲板上的吊艇柱降落，并且在一般情况下不会沉没。Thecoverservesasprotectionfromsun,windandrain,canbeusedtocollectrainwater,andisnormallymadeofareflectiveorfluorescentfl:resntmaterialthatishighlyvisible.救生艇外罩有防晒、防风雨的作用，能够用于收集雨水，并且通常由高度可见的反光或荧光的材料制成。,.,Lifeboatshaveoars,flaresandmirrorsforsignaling,firstaidsupplies,andfoodandwaterforseveraldays.救生艇上有桨、火焰和反光信号、急救设备以及可持续几天的食物和淡水。Somelifeboatsaremorecapablyequippedtopermitselfrescue,withsuppliessuchasradio,anengineandsail,heater,navigationalequipment,solarwaterstills,rainwatercatchmentsandfishingequipment.有些救生艇装备地更详尽，可允许自救，它们装备比如有无线电、发动机和风帆、暖气装置、助航设备、太阳能水蒸馏器、雨水贮留系统以及捕鱼设备。,.,A.embarkationemb:ken登艇B.startengine开启发动机C.openstopunit打开限位器D.testboatengine测试救生艇发动机E.closebottomdrainplug塞上艇底排水塞F.opensliphookinlashing打开用于绑扎的速脱钩G.removeallprotectivecovers,un-plugbatterycharger移除所有防护罩，拔下电源插头H.lifebrakeleverforrunningoutandlowering拉起制动杆降下救生艇I.checkandremoveanyobstruction检查并移除任何障碍J.releasehookwhenwaterborne救生艇在水上时释放吊艇钩K.checkandmakefastpainter检查并挽牢艇首缆,.,Text,Thelifeboats,5.33mlongwithabeamof2.49m,isconstructedofglass-reinforcedplasticandistotallyenclosednklzdandself-righting.Thelifeboatismadeintwosections:thecanopyknpiandthehull.Bothsectionsareboltedbtdtogethertoformawatertightsealatthehull-to-canopyjoint.这艘救生艇，长5.33米，正横宽2.49米，是由玻璃钢建造，完全封闭且自动扶正。救生艇造成两个部分：顶蓬及船体。两个部分在接合处由螺栓栓在一起形成水密密封。,.,1.Whichismodernlifeboatunlikelyconstructedof?现代救生艇不太可能由什么构成？A.GRP玻璃钢B.Totallyenclosed全封闭式C.Self-righting自动扶正D.Bronzebrnz青铜答案:D5.Thelifeboatisconstructedof.A.totallyenclosed全封闭式B.glass-reinforcedri:nf:stplastic玻璃钢（玻璃增强塑料）C.self-righting自动扶正D.powered驱动的答案:B,.,Thelifeboathasanetweightofabout1670kgandatotalgrossweight(includingpersonnel,equipment,fuelandsundries)ofabout3870kg.Itisdesignedtocarryamaximumof25personsandisdesigned,constructed,andequippedaccordingtotheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea,1974(SOLAS).救生艇净吨约1670千克，总吨（包括人员、设备、燃料及其他杂项）约3870千克。它设计来携运最多25人，并且是根据海上人命及安全公约（SOLAS1974）的规定设计、建造和装配的。sundrysndrin.杂货；杂项,.,Thelifeboathasthreemajoropenings(hatches)initscanopies.Thelargesthatchislocatedaboutmidlengthofthelifeboatsinboardside.Thishatchis1.0mlongand0.6mhighandservesastheonlymeansofenteringandexitingthelifeboat.救生艇顶蓬有三个主要开口（舱口）。最大舱口位于救生艇内部中央位置附近。该舱口长1.0米，高0.6米，作为进出救生艇的唯一通道。Asecondhatch,attheforwardendofthecanopy,is0.5mlongand0.45mhigh.Itgivesaccesstotheforwardliftinghook,painter,andtowline.Thethirdhatch,attheafterendofthecanopy,is0.8mlongand0.6mhigh.Itgivesaccesstotheafterliftinghook,painter,andtowline.第二个舱口位于顶蓬前方，长0.5米高0.45米，作为前吊艇钩、系艇索和拖缆入口。第三个舱口在顶蓬后端，长0.8米高0.6米，作为后吊艇钩、系艇索和拖缆入口。Allthreehatchesaresealedbyhingedcoversthatopeninward,intothelifeboat.三个舱口通过向艇内部开启的铰链盖密封。hingedhinddadj.有铰链的；铰链式的,.,Makethebestchoice,6.Thehatchattheafterendofthecanopyinalifeboattheafterliftinghook,painter,andtowline.A.givesaccessto作为的入口B.linksupwith连接C.havecontactwith接触D.isconstructedof由制造答案:A第三个舱口在顶蓬后端，长0.8米高0.6米，作为后吊艇钩、系艇索和拖缆入口。,.,Makethebestchoice,.,Theinternallayoutandconfigurationsaretypicalofmostmodern,totallyenclosedlifeboats.艇内部设计和结构依照典型的现代化全封闭式救生艇。layoutleiautn.布局；设计configurationkn,fijureinn.配置；结构Seatingisarrangedforeandaftoneithersideandalongthecenterline.Crewmemberssitfacingeachotherandsecurethemselvesbywearingsafetyharnessesh:nisiz安全带装置andseatbelt.座位前后向布置在两侧及中心线上。船员面向彼此就坐并系上安全带保护自己。harnessh:nisn.安全带装置,.,Makethebestchoice,7.Theinternallayoutandconfigurationmostmodern,totallyenclosedlifeboats.A.arethesameas与相同B.aretypicalof是的典型C.varywith随着变化D.differfrom与不同答案:B艇内部设计和结构依照典型的现代化全封闭式救生艇。,.,Thecoxswainsseatisatthestern.Itisraisedtopermitall-roundvisionfromaconningtowerbuiltintotheafter,topportionofthecanopyknpi.艇长的座位在艇尾部。该座位是凸起的以便从建造在顶蓬尾部上方的指挥台提供全方位视线。Allofthelifeboatscontrols-thesteeringwheel,enginethrottle,clutch,andwinch-brakeremote-releasecableareaccessiblefromthisposition,asisthecentralhookreleasehandle.Thisleverisfittedtotheafterbulkheadofthecanopyandissituatedaftandtoportofthecoxswainskksnseat.所有控制救生艇的装置，包括舵轮、艇机油门、离合器和绞艇机遥控施放拉索等，都装设在其附近，艇钩施放手柄也是。这个手柄安装在顶蓬后方防水壁，位于艇长座位后边左方的地方。throttlertln.节流阀；风门,.,Thelifeboatispoweredbyaninboarddieselenginethatdrivesafixed-pitchpropeller.SteeringisbymeansofacontrollableKortnozzle.救生艇由艇内驱动定距螺旋桨的柴油机提供动力，通过变距科特导流管驾驶。Thesteeldavitliesonthefirstaccommodationdeckabovethemainweatherdeck.Thedavitformspartofasteelcradle吊架andframeworkthatisweldedtothedeck.钢质吊艇柱位于主甲板之上的第一层生活甲板。吊柱属于焊接于甲板的钢架的一部分。Thedavitisoftheluffingtype:theyswingoutbygravityandpivotonahingedpin.Inthestowedposition,twoharborpins(cradleclamps)preventthedavitsfromaccidentallyswingingout.吊艇架是旋转式(俯仰式)的：它们通过重力绕着销轴旋转摆出；在存放位置，两个固定销/安全销（吊架夹具）防止吊艇架意外摆出。hingepin机铰链销；销轴；cradlekredl吊架pivotpivtvt.以为中心旋转clampklmpn.夹钳，螺丝钳,.,真题2.Accordingtotherelevantregulation,lifeboatshouldbepoweredby.根据相关规定，救生艇应该由驱动A.inboarddieselengine艇内柴油机B.outboarddieselengine艇外柴油机C.outboardgasolinegsli:n汽油engineD.noengine答案:A真题考过3次8.Inthelifeboatstowedposition,twopreventthedavitsfromaccidentallyswingingout.A.harbourpins安全销B.horns角柄C.liftinghooks吊艇钩D.gripes固艇索答案:A,.,.,.,Atthetopofthedavitsupportframeisanembarkationanddisembarkationplatformatthelevelofthelifeboatsideaccesshatch.吊艇架支柱顶部，在救生艇进口舱同一高度的地方是登乘台。Thelifeboatsarestowedinboardoftheshipssides.Inthestowedposition,theweightofthelifeboatistakenupbytwohorns:oneforwardandoneaft.救生艇存放在船侧内部，在存放位置，救生艇重量由位于前后端的两个角柄承受。Oneendofeachhornisweldedtothedavit;thefreeendpassesthroughaneyeinthefloatingblockofthefalls.角柄一端焊接到吊艇架上，自由端通过吊艇索上动滑车的眼孔。,.,.,Anelectricwinchisboltedbtd拴住totheaftersupportframe.Thewinchcarriestwodrumsaroundwhichthecontinuous-wirefallwind.后支柱栓有一台电动绞车，绞车上有两个卷筒，连续的吊艇钢丝索缠绕在卷筒上。Viaasystemofsheaves滑车andpulleyspliz滑轮组,thefallspassthroughtwofloatingblocks动滑车towhichtwosuspensionsspennringsareshackled.经由滑车系统，吊艇索穿过扣上两个悬挂环的动滑车。Thelifeboathastwopermanentlyattachedliftinghooks,oneateachend.Thehookspassthroughthesesuspensionrings,thusattachingthelifeboattothefalls.救生艇两端各有一个永久连接的吊艇钩。这两个钩穿过悬挂环，从而将救生艇连接到吊艇索上。,.,Theelectricwinchhasaunidirectionalfreewheelingclutchandabrakethatisactivatedbyaweighteddeadmanshandle.电动绞车有一个单向超越离合器和一个由受力刹车手柄激活的刹车。unidirectional,ju:nidireknladj.单向的；单向性的freewheelingclutch超越离合器weightedwetd受力的Thishandleisalsoconnectedtothewinch-brakeremote-releasecable,whichpassesthroughanothersetofsheavesandintotheconningtowerofthelifeboat,endingwithineasyreachofthecoxswain.这个手柄也连接到吊艇机刹车遥控拉索，遥控拉索通过另一组滑轮进入救生艇内的指挥台，其末端位于艇长容易够到的地方。,.,Thelifeboatisnotdesignedtobebowsedalongsideandisnotequippedwithbowsingtackleortricingpendants.该救生艇并非设计来绞到一侧，因此没有装配止荡索和悬挂索。bowsebauzvt.用绞辘吊拉（等于bouse）Twohorizontalbollardsarefixedtothelifeboatshull,oneateachendofthelifeboat.Circulars:kjl(r)guardplatesareweldedtotheendsofthebollards.两个水平固艇柱安装在救生艇船体两端，固艇柱末端焊接圆形护板。Thebaseplateoftheafterbollardisflatandisinwardlyinclinedat2tothevertical;thebaseplateoftheforwardbollardisradiusedandinwardlyinclinedat7.5tothevertical.后护柱的底板是扁平的并且向内倾向垂面2度；前护柱的底板是修圆的且向内倾向垂面7.5度。radiusedreidiju:st修圆的inclineinklainvt.使倾斜；使倾向于,.,Steelwireropegripesraipspassoverthesebollardsbl:dz.Each14mm-diametergripehasabreakingstrainof13,000kgaloadfarexceedingthetotalweightofthelifeboatanditscontents.钢丝固艇索经过这些固艇柱。每一条固艇索直径14毫米，断裂张力13,000千克远远超过救生艇及其内物体的总重量。Thegripeisintendedtoholdthelifeboathard-upagainstthedavitframeandtopreventthelifeboatfromhittingtheframeinaseaway.固艇索用来保持救生艇紧紧靠着吊艇架，防止船舶在海上航行时，救生艇撞击吊艇架。seawaysiwen.海上航道；波涛汹涌的海面,.,固艇索,.,Oneendofeachgripeissecuredtoapadeyethatisweldedtotheshipsdeck;theotherendpassesoverafreelyrotatinghookedleverthatisattachedtothesideofthedavit.每一条固艇索的一端固定到焊接于甲板上的眼板；另一端则通过连接到吊艇架的自由旋转的钩杆。Theliftinghooksareoftheon-load/off-loadreleasetype.Theyaredesignedsothattheycanbeopenedsimultaneouslytoreleasethelifeboat,eitherwhenitisoutofthewateranditsweightissuspendedfromthefallsorwhenthelifeboatisfloatingonthewaterandthereisnoweightonthefalls.艇钩是承载或空载施放类型。它们设计成能够同时脱开，以施放救生艇，无论是救生艇离开水面，吊艇索支撑其重量，还是救生艇降落到水面，吊艇索上没有任何负荷。simultaneouslysimlteinisliadv.同时地,.,.,.,Thehookassemblyconsistsofthetwosidecheekplates,whichformtheframetowhichattachthehook,theblockinglever,theresetlever,andtheretaininglatch.吊钩装置由两侧夹板组成。这些夹板构成能连接挂钩、制动块、复位块和锁定销的框架。latchltn.门闩Thesecomponentskmpnntallhaveholesdrilledthroughthemandareconnectedtothecheekplatesviasmallshaftsthatpassthroughthecomponentsandthecorrespondingholesinthecheekplates.这些组件上都有钻孔，它们经由穿过夹板上组件和相应钻孔的小型轴连接到夹板上。corresponding,k:rispndiadj.相当的，相应的Intheassembledarrangement,thepartsarefreetoindividuallyrotateabouttheirshafts.Theentireassemblyismadeofgalvanizedmildmaldsteel.在这个组合的装置中，组件能够绕着轴独立旋转。整个装置由电镀低碳钢制成。galvanizedglvnaizdadj.镀锌的，电镀的,.,Intheload-bearingorresetconditionofthehookassembly,theflatendofthehookbearsagainstandtransmitsaloadontotheblockinglever,whichinturnrestsagainstacamprofileprfalontheresetlever.在吊钩装置处于承载或复位条件下，吊钩平端承受并传达负荷到制动块上，制动块转而停靠在复位块的凸轮型线上。Atitscontactsurfacewiththehook,theblockingleverhasareliefangleof18.Aslongastheresetleverremainsinapositionwhereitscampreventstheblockingleverfromrotatingdownward,thehookremainslockedandcancarryitsportionofthedesignedweightofthelifeboatanditscontents.在制动块和吊钩的接触面上，制动块的离隙角为18度。只要复位块保持在其凸轮可以防止制动块向下旋转的位置，吊钩就保持锁定状态，并且能够挂起原定的救生艇及其物品的重量。,.,Atitsfreeend,theresetlevercarriesaclevisklevsjointtowhichisattachedaTeleflextelfleks转套cable.Theotherendofthiscableissimilarlyfixedtoacableconnectionarmwhich,inturn,isfittedinsidethecentralreleasecontrolassembly.复位臂的自由端通过一马蹄形装置与遥控施放拉索相连。拉索的另一端同样地连接到遥控脱钩装置内的拉索连接臂上。Thefunctioningpartsoftheforwardandafterhooksareidentical.Bothhooksaremounted安装onthelifeboatinsuchawaythattheirorientationisinthesamedirection,facingaft.前后吊钩的运行部件是相同的。两个挂钩安装在救生艇上，它们的方向同样是向后的。identicalaidentikladj.同一的；完全相同的orientation,:rientein,u-n.方向；定向,.,Makethebestchoice,4.Thefunctioningpartsoftheforwardandafterhooksare.A.different不同B.thesame相同的C.similar相似的D.notdetermined没决定的翻译：前后吊钩的运行部件是相同的。答案:B,.,Oneachhookassembly,thehook,theblockinglever,andtheresetlevercarryreferencerefrnsmarks.Thecheekplateshavecorrespondingreferencemarks.Thehookhasbeencorrectlyresetwhenthesemarksareproperlyaligned.在每一个吊钩装置中，挂钩、制动块和复位块都有基准线。夹板也有相应的基准线。当这些基准线对齐的时候，挂钩就是正确复位的。correspondingkrspnd相应的alignlainvt.使成一行；匹配,.,1.Whattypeoflifeboatdoesitreferto?Totallyenclosed.2.Whatisthelifeboatsrated额定的capacity?Maximumof25persons.3.Howdoesthecrewenterintothelifeboat?Throughthehatchaboutmid-length.4.Wheredolifeboatscontrolslocated?Atthestern.5.Whatkindofdavitistheshiprigged?Luffingtype.,.,6.Howisthelifeboatcarriedwheninthestowedposition?Twohorns.角柄7.Whattypeisthereleasehookof?On-load/off-loadrelease.8.Whatpartsdoesthereleasehookinclude?Hook,blockinglever,resetleverandretaininglatch.挂钩、制动块、复位块和锁定销。9.Doesthelifeboathavetricingpendants定位索?No.该救生艇并非设计来绞到一侧，因此没有装配止荡索和悬挂索。10.Howdoyoujudgethehookinitsposition?Referencemarksareproperlyaligned.,.,ExercisesTask2Vocabulary&Structure,A.life-savingapparatusprets救生设备HRU(hydraulicreleaseunit静水压力释放器)immersionsuitsu:t浸水服lifering救生圈SART(search&rescueradartransponder搜救雷达应答器)seaanchor海锚liferaft救生筏on-loadrelease承载施放pyrotechnicparteknksignal信号烟火lifejacket救生衣,.,1.指的是用于救助和保护海员的设备，如救生艇、救生筏、救生衣等。2.当船舶沉没时能使救生筏浮到水面并自动充气。3.一种特殊类型的防水服，能够保护穿戴者在弃离沉船或倾覆船后不受浸没在冷水中的低温症。4.设计于抛给水中人员，提供浮力，不致淹没的救生圈。5.在海上应急情况下使用的自持式的防水雷达应答器。6.浮锚。,.,7.用于提供紧急转移人员离开沉船或遇险船的一件安全设备。8.允许当船舶仍然对水移动或在大浪中时，从吊艇索上释放救生艇。9.产生有颜色的灯光或烟雾以供传送信息。10.一种设计于无论在穿戴者有无意识的情况下保持其气道离开水的起浮装置。,.,ExercisesTask2Vocabulary&Structure,B.1.Rocketparachuteflaree火箭降落伞2.inflatablenfletbln气胀式救生筏3.free-falllifeboatj自由降落式救生艇4.Marineevacuationsystemf海上撤离系统5.line-throwingappliance.M抛绳器6.retro-reflectivetape.K发（反）光带7.Buoyantli