雅思阅读新技能Get：分词短语做后置定语.docx

IELTS备考资料杭州朗思教育雅思阅读新技能Get：分词短语做后置定语1. The most common procedure for doing this is negotiation, the act of communication intended to reach agreement.结构分析：过去分词短语intended to reach agreement是the act of communication的后置定语，the act of communication intended to reach agreement是negotiation的同位语，对negotiation进行解释。中文译文：做这件事的最常用的方法是谈判一种想要达成一致的交流的行为。小窍门：过去分词短语做后置定语在IELTS阅读中经常出现，因为形式相同。有时，容易理解为谓语（过去式），从而造成理解上的障碍。怎样区分动词加ed形式是谓语（过去式），还是后置定语（过去分词短语）呢？有两种方法：（1）看它与前面的词是主动还是被动的关系。是主动，则是谓语，过去式。如果是被动的关系，则是后置定语，过去分词短语。如上面例句中，intended to reach agreement与communication是被动的关系，所以是过去分词短语做后置定语。（2）看句子中，是否有其他的谓语成分。一个句子中，只能有一个谓语成分，所以，如果该句已有了一个确定无疑的谓语，那么这个ed只能是过去分词短语了。如上面的例句中，is肯定是谓语，所以intended不能再是谓语了。2. Yet, a father accepting responsibility for behavior problems is linked with positive outcomes.结构分析：accepting responsibility for behavior problems是现在分词短语做father的后置定语。中文译文：一个接受行为问题责任的父亲是和正面的结果相联系的。3. Expeditioners heading south were issued with pamphlets listing five-letter codes covering almost every conceivable situation so they could communicate with their families and still keep within strict word limits during their year on base.结构分析：句子中Expeditioners heading south were issued with是由一个定语从句简化而来的，即：Expeditioners which/that headed south were issued with-，由于which所指就expeditioners，即：主语相同；而which和head之间又是主动关系，所以，可以省略为一个带有动名词的短语。即：Expeditioners heading south were issued with- - -。同理，pamphlets listing five-letter codes covering almost every conceivable situation都是由定语从句得来的，即：pamphlets that/which listed five-letter codes that/which covered almost every conceivable situation，因为that/which所指的都是其前面的那个中心词，即：主语相同；而that/ which和其前面的那个中心词之间又是主动关系，所以可以省略一个带有动名词的短语。中文译文：往南走的探险者