中英对照中餐菜谱.doc

随着我国加入WTO及对外交往活动的日益增多，餐饮业也面临着走向世界这个问题。因此，我们作为餐饮业的从业人员，或多或少地懂一点有关餐饮方面的专业英语，是非常必要的。餐饮专业英语主要包括日常会话用语、烹饪技术用语和中餐英文菜单等等，而这其中尤以中餐英文菜单用得最为普遍。要将中餐菜单翻译成英文，就先得了解中餐菜名的构成及命名方法。中餐菜名通常由原料名称，烹制方法、菜肴的色香味形器、菜肴的创始人或发源地等构成。这种反映菜肴内容和特色的命名方法叫做写实性命名法，此外还有反映菜肴深刻含义的写意性命名法。由于汉语和英语的差异很大，我们在把中餐菜名由中文译成英文的时候，应该采用写实性命名法，尽量将菜肴的原料、烹制方法、菜肴的味型等翻译出来，以便让客人一目了然。为了让大家更好地掌握将中餐菜名译成英文的技巧，笔者特将自己在翻译中总结出来的几点“公式”(中英文对照)介绍如下，以供大家参考。一、以主料开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的主料和辅料：公式：主料(形状)+(with)辅料例：杏仁鸡丁chickencubeswithalmond牛肉豆腐beefwithbeancurd西红柿炒蛋Scrambledeggwithtomato2介绍菜肴的主料和味汁：公式：主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁例：芥末鸭掌duckwebswithmustardsauce葱油鸡chickeninScallionoil米酒鱼卷fishrollswithricewine二、以烹制方法开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的烹法和主料：公式：烹法+主料(形状)例：软炸里脊soft-friedporkfillet烤乳猪roastsucklingpig炒鳝片Stir-friedeelslices2介绍菜肴的烹法和主料、辅料公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with)辅料仔姜烧鸡条braisedchickenfilletwithtenderginger3介绍菜肴的烹法、主料和味汁：公式：烹法+主料(形状)+(with,in)味汁例：红烧牛肉braisedbeefwithbrownsauce鱼香肉丝friedshreddedporkwithSweetandsoursauce清炖猪蹄stewedpighoofincleansoup三、以形状或口感开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的形状(口感)和主料、辅料公式：形状(口感)+主料+(with)辅料例：芝麻酥鸡crispchickenwithsesame陈皮兔丁dicedrabbitwithorangepeel时蔬鸡片Slicedchickenwithseasonalvegetables2介绍菜肴的口感、烹法和主料公式：口感+烹法+主料例：香酥排骨crispfriedspareribs水煮嫩鱼tenderstewedfish香煎鸡块fragrantfriedchicken3介绍菜肴的形状(口感)、主料和味汁公式：形状(口感)+主料+(with)味汁例：茄汁鱼片slicedfishwithtomatosauce椒麻鸡块cutletschickenwithhotpepper黄酒脆皮虾仁crispshrimpswithricewinesauce四、以人名或地名开头的翻译方法1介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料公式：人名(地名)+主料例：麻婆豆腐MaPobeancurd四川水饺Sichuanboileddumpling2介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、烹法和主料公式：人名(地名)+烹法+主料例：东坡煨肘DongPostewedporkjoint北京烤鸭RoastBeijingDuck在中餐菜名翻译成英文的过程中，可以采用多种不同的方法，而且每一道菜都可以从不同的角度入手进行翻译。例如，川菜中的“宫保鸡丁”这道菜就有以下几种译法：1.sauteedchickencubeswithpeanuts2.Gongbaochickencubes3.dicedchickenwithchilliandpeanuts由此可见，中餐菜名的英译方法是灵活多变的。至于我们在翻译中最终采用哪种方法，则可根据各人的习惯和具体情况确定。不过根据笔者的经验，只要掌握了第一种以主料开头的翻译方法，对其它种类的翻译方法便可以触类旁通，我们只需根据文中所列出的翻译公式去相应作一些交换就行了。中英文菜谱 肉类Meat 白切肉boiledporksliced 白扣羊肉boiledmutton 爆牛肚friedtrips 扁豆肉丝shreddedporkandfrenchbeans 冰糖肘子porkjiontstewedwithrocksugar 菠萝香酥肉sweet-and-sourporkwithpineapple 叉烧肉bbqpork(cantonesetyle)/grilledpork 炒腊肉stir-friedsmokedpork 炒木须肉friedshredsofpork,fungusandeggs,meatwithomeletandfungus 炒里脊丝sauteporkfilletshreds 炒肉片friedporksliced 炒肉丁friedmeatcubes 炒肉丝friedshreddedpork 炒猪肝friedporkliver 炒肚尖friedtipofpigstripes 炒羊肚friedlambtripes 豉汁牛肉friedbeefwithsoybeansauce 葱爆肉丁slicedporkwithscallion 葱爆肉粉丝porksliceswithvermicelli 葱爆羊肉friedmuttonslicewithgreenscallion 葱头牛肉丝shreddedbeefwithonion 脆皮三丝卷crisprollsofpork,sea-cucumberandbambooshoots 冬笋炒肉丝asuteshreddedporkwithbambooshoots 冬菇猪蹄pigstrotterswithmushrooms 冬菜扣肉steamedspicycabbageabdpork 豆瓣牛肉beefinchillibeansauce 炖猪蹄stewedpigstrotters 粉蒸排骨steamedspareribswithriceflower 咖哩牛肉friedcurrybeef 干煸牛肉丝sauteedbeefshredswithchilli 宫爆腰花stir-friedkidneywithchilliandpeanuts古老肉sweet-and-sourpork蚝油牛肉oystersaucebeef红烧肉stewedporkwithbrownsauce红烧狮子头stewedmeatballswithbrownsauce红烧排骨spareribswithbrownsauce红烧肘子porklegbraisedinbrownsauce红烧蹄筋braisedtendonwithbrownsauce红烧牛肉beefwithbrownsauce红烧羊肉muttonbraisedinbrownsauce红油肚丝shreddedtripewithchillisauce滑肉片slicedprokwithcreamsauce滑溜里脊sautefilletwiththickgravy花椒牛肉cayennebeef黄瓜肉丁dicedporkwithcucumber回锅肉stir-friedboiledporkslicesinhotsauce.twice-cookedporkslices回锅辣白肉whitemeatinhotsauce家乡熏蹄home-madepigstrotters酱肉braisedporkweasonedwithsoysauce酱牛肉spicedbeef酱爆肉friedslicedporkwithsoysauce酱爆肉丁frieddicedporkinsoysauce酱爆肉丝shreddedporkwithsoysauce酱猪肘spicedpigsleg酱猪肚spicedpigstripe椒酱肉mixedmeatwithchilli韭黄肉丝shreddedporkwithchives烤乳猪roastedsuckingpig烤猪肉roastpork烤牛肉roastbeef扣肉braisedmeat辣子肉丁dicedprokwithgreenpepper栗子红烧肉braisedporkwithchestnuts蚂蚁上树vermicelliwithspicymincedpork梅干菜扣肉steamedporkwithpreservedvegetables焖牛肉potroastbeef米粉蒸肉steamedporkwithficeflower蜜汁火腿steamedhamwithhoneysauce扒白条braisedporkslices排肉片tewedporkstrip肉片meatslice肉丝shreddedmeat肉末mincedmeat肉丁dicedmeat肉馅meatfilling清炸猪里脊dry-friedporkfillet青椒肉丝shreddedporkwithgreenpepper青椒牛肉friedbeefwithgreenpepper清蒸猪脑whitesteamedpigsbrain清蒸羊肉steamedmutton清炖牛尾steamedoxtailinclearsoup软炸里脊soft-friedfillet砂锅狮子头meatballsinearthen-pot砂锅丸子meatballsencasserole生汆牛肉片poachedbeeffillet时蔬炒牛肉sauteedslicedbeefwithseasonalgreens涮羊肉instant-boiledmuttonMongolianhotpot手抓羊肉boiledmutton双冬牛肉beefwithmushroomandbamboshoots水晶蹄膀shreddedporkknuckleinjelly蒜泥白肉shreddedporkwithgarlicsauce蒜蓉牛柳条filletofbeefwithgarlicsauce坛子肉dicedporkinpot糖醋里脊porkfriedwithsugarandvinegardressing,porkfilletwithsweetandsoursauce糖醋排骨sweet-and-sourspareribs豌豆肉丁dicedporkwithgreenpies雪菜肉丝shreddedporkwithsaltedpotherbmustard盐煎肉friedporkwithsaltedpepper盐水羊肉saltedmutton羊肉串lambshashlik腰果肉丁dicedporkwithcashewnuts银芽炒牛肉sauteedbeefandsproutsinsataysauce鱼香肉丝shreddedporkwithgarlicsauce炸丸子deep-friedmeatballs炸肉茄夹friedeggplantwithmeatstuffing糟白肉coldporkslicesmariantedinwineessence芝麻羊肉friedmuttonwithsesameseeds走油肉friedboiledpork 1.各式刺身拼SashimiPlatter2.锅贴PotSticker3.辣汁脆炸鸡腿FriedChickenLegs(SpicyHot)4.鸡沙律ChickenSalad5.酥炸大虾FriedPrawns6.酥炸生豪FriedOysters7.酥炸鲜鱿FriedSquid8.海蜇SmokedJellyFish9.五香牛展SpecialBeef10.白云凤爪ChickenLeg11.琥珀合桃HouseSpecialHoneyWalnuts12.脆皮春卷SpringRolls13.蜜汁叉烧B.B.Q.Pork汤羹类Soup1.花胶鲍鱼火鸭丝羹CongeePikeMawWithRoastDuck2.红烧鸡丝翅ChickenSharksFinSoup3.竹笙烩生翅BambooSharkFinSoup4.粟米瑶柱羹CornwithDryScallopsSoup5.竹笙海皇羹BambooSeafoodSoup6.鸡蓉粟米羹Corn&ChickenSoup7.酸辣汤Hot&SourSoup8.法国海鲜汤FrenchStyleSeafoodSoup9.法国杂菜汤FrenchStyleVegetableSoup10.杂锦云吞汤CombinationWonTonSoup11.芥菜肉片咸蛋汤MustardGreenSaltedEggSoup12.火鸭咸蛋芥菜汤RoastDuckSaltEgg/MustardGreen13.西葫牛肉羹WestLakeBeefSoup14.三丝烩鱼肚FishSoup15.蝴蝶海参羹SeaCucumberSoup16.四宝豆腐羹SteamTofuSoup龙虾蟹类Seafood(Lobster,Shrimp,Crab)1.法式咖喱焗龙虾FrenchCurryLobster2.法式芝士牛油焗龙虾CheeseLobster3.上汤焗龙虾SpecialStyleLobster4.蒜茸蒸龙虾GarlicStyleLobster5.豉椒炒肉蟹Crab6.上汤姜葱焗蟹GreenOnionCrab7.椒盐蟹SpicySaltCrab8.粉丝咖喱蟹煲RiceNoodleCurryCrab虾鲜鱿贝类Seafood1.菜远虾球ShrimpwithTenderGreen2.白灼中虾BoilShrimp3.点桃虾球WalnutShrimp4.油泡虾球CrystalPrawn5.柠檬虾球LemonPrawn6.咕噜虾Sweet&SourPrawn7.蒜茸蒸虾SteamPrawnw/GarlicSauce8.四川虾球SzechuanShrimp9.豆瓣酱鲜鱿FreshSquid10.虾龙糊Shrimpw/LobsterSauce11.韭王象拔蚌GoldChiveGeoduck12.韭王花枝片GoldChiveSquid13.椒盐鲜鱿PepperSaltFreshSquid14.豉汁炒三鲜MixedSeafoodw/BlackBeanSauce15.马拉盏炒鲜鱿SpecialFreshSquid16.碧绿炒带子TenderGreenScallop17.双菇鲜带子MushroomFreshScallop18.豉汁炒大蚬Clamw/BlackBeanSauce19.姜葱生豪Oysterw/Ginger,GreenOnion20.豉汁炒青口Musselw/BlackBeanSauce21.豉汁豆腐蒸带子TofuScallopw/BlackBeanSauce猪牛肉类Meat1.酸甜咕噜肉Sweet&SourPork2.菜远炒排骨Spareribsw/TenderGreen3.豉椒排骨Spareribsw/BlackBeanSauce4.凉瓜炆排骨BittyMelonSpareribs5.京都骨PekingSpareribs6.椒盐排骨PepperSaltSpareribs7.豉椒焖排骨Spareribsw/BlackBean,Pepper8.菜远炒牛肉BroccoliBeef9.凉瓜炒牛肉BittyMelonBeef10.黑椒牛仔骨BlackPepperShortRib11.椒盐牛仔骨PepperSaltShortRib12.中式牛柳ChineseStyleBeef13.四川牛肉SzechuanBeef14.干扁牛柳丝StringBeef15.柠檬牛肉Lemonbeef16.麻婆豆腐Mar-BohTofu煲仔类ClayPotStyle1.北菇海参煲MushroomSeaCucumberDuckFeet2.诸诸滑鸡煲ChickenClayPot3.鸡粒咸鱼茄子煲SaltFishChickenEggPlantClayPot4.粉丝虾米杂菜煲RiceNoodleVegetablesClayPot5.罗白牛腩煲BeefSteww/TurnipClayPot6.支竹羊腩煲DryTofuLambClayPot7.火腩生豪煲RoastPigOysterClayPot素菜类Vegetarian1.豪油冬菇OysterSauceMushroom2.什笙上素BambooVegetable3.红烧豆腐FriedTofu4.炒素丁VegetableRoll5.罗汉腐皮卷VegetableEggRol