2016年高中英语句型归纳

高中英语句型归纳,1.bedoing/beabouttodo/beonthepointofdoing/haddone,when(when：这时,强调一个动作的突然发生)1).Iwaswalkingalongtheriver,whenIheardadrowningboycryforhelp.2).Iwasabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.3).Ihadjustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang,announcingtheexamwasover.,2.Itwas(not)+时间段+before+一般过去时过了一段时间就.Itwill(not)be+时间段+before+一般现在时要过一段时间才会Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since.Itwas+点时间+when.Itwas+时间状语+that.（强调句）,1).Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.不久他就意识到他处境危险（动作已发生）2).Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromtheschool.还有半年你才从这个学校毕业（动作未发生）3).Itis3yearssinceheworkedhere.=helefthere.（since从句中的谓语动词若是延续性动词，要从这个动作结束的时候算起）4).Itwas3oclockwhentheyreceivedthetelephone.5)Itwasat3oclockthattheyreceivedthetelephone.,3.no比较级than:A与B都不/仅仅，只有not比较级than:A不如B/不超过，至多morethan与其.倒不如(=notas/so.as)morethan=notonly不仅仅.1).HeworksnoharderthanI.他和我都不用功2).HedoesntworkharderthanI.他不如我用功3).Therearenomorethansevenpeopleintheroom.屋里仅有七个人4).Therearenotmorethansevenpeopleintheroom.屋里至多有七个人,5).Heismorediligentthanclever.与其说他聪明，倒不如说他勤奋Heisnotas/socleverasdiligent.6)Itismorelikeameetingthanlikeaparty.-Itisnotasapartyasameeting7).Mr.Zhangismorethanmyteacher,heisalsomybestfriend.张先生不仅仅是我的老师，他还是我的朋友,当名词是单数可数名词，前面又由adj.修饰时，注意冠词的位置，即so+adj+a(n)+n或such+a(n)+adj.+n1).Heissuchanhonestperson/sohonestapersonthatyoucandependonhimwhenyouareintrouble.当so/such引导的部分位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装结构1).Suchgreatprogresshashemadeinhisstudiesthatwealladmirehim.当主从句主语一致时可与动词不定式相互转换,即变成so/such.astodo结构。1).Thewesternerseatsomuchfatandsugarastoputonweighteasily.,4.once.一旦.,表示时间和条件1)Onceyouunderstandwhattheteacherexplained,youwillhavenodifficultydoingthework.2).Onceyouhavedecidedtodosomething,youshouldfinishitanddoitwell.5.The+比较级.，the+比较级.越,越1)Themorebooksyouread,themoreknowledgeyouwillget.2)Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.,6.whether.or.无论是.还是.1).Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffastheyplanned.2).Anyperson,whetheryoungorold,hashisownworth.7.祈使句+or/otherwise+结果句或祈使句+and+结果句1).Stopdoingsuchfoolishthing,oryouwillbepunishedintime.2).Moreeffort,andtheproblemwouldhavebeensettled.3).Thinkitover,andyouwillfindtheanswer.,8.so/such.that.引导结果状语从句时须注意当名词前many,much,little,few有修饰时,用so不用such因为此时的中心词不再是名词，而是many,much,little,few这些表示数量的词。1).Thewesternerseatsomuchfatandsugarthattheyputonweighteasily.2).Therearesofewfishinthelakethatwecouldntfishthemeasily.,9.sothat引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句sothat引导目的状语从句时常与情态动词连用（=inorderthat），当主从句主语一致时可转换为soastodo/inordertodo.1).Heturneduptheradioalittlesothathecouldhearthenewsclearly.Heturneduptheradioalittlesoastohearthenewsclearly.2).Heclosedallthewindowswhiledrivingsothatheshouldntcatchcold.(否定句中情态动词用shouldnt)sothat引导结果状语从句一般不与情态动词连用1).Heturneduptheradioalittlesothatheheardthenewsclearly.,10.Howdidsbcometodo.?=Howcomethat.为什么会./是怎么回事？表示要求对所发生的事情说明理由或做出解释1).Howdidyoucometofindoutwhereshesliving?=Howcomethatyoufoundout.你是怎么打听到她住在哪儿的?2).Howcomethatyousatthere,doingnothing?为什么坐在那儿什么也不干?3).Howdidhecometobesofoolish?,11.everytime/eachtime/nexttime/thefirsttime/anytime等短语引导时间状语从句，表示“每当.,每次.,下次.”1).Everytimeyoumeetwithnewwordswhilereading,dontalwaysrefertoyourdictionary.Whenyoumeetwithnewwordseverytime.2)Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.3)Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto.,12Thereis(no)needtodo./for.-Itis(not)necessaryforsb.todo.Thereis(no)hope/chance/possibilityofdoing.Thereis(no)difficulty/trouble/point/delay(in)doing1).Isthereanychanceofus/ourwinningthematch?2).Thereisnopointindiscussingtheproblemagain.,Therebe句型：therebe之后如有几个并列主语，be动词的选择要取决于第一个主语，即就近原则。1).Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.-Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk.Therebe句型中，be动词还有其他变化形式，常见的有：Thereseemtobe,Therehappentobe,Thereusedtobe,Thereislikelytobe,Therehavebeen/hasbeen等,1).Thereseems/appearstobemuchhopeofourteamwinningthematch.2).TherehappenedtobenobodyintheroomwhenIcamein.3).Therehavebeengreatchangesinmyhometownsince1978.4).Thereusedtobeabusstationatthecornerofthestreet.5).Therearelikelytobemoredifficultiesthanexpectedwhilewearecarryingouttheplan.,13.it强调句：基本构成形式：Itis/was+被强调部分+who/that+原句剩余部分e.g.:Imethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.ItwasIwho/thatmethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.(强调是我，不是别人)Itwashimwho/thatImetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon.(强调我遇见的是他，不是别人)ItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterdayafternoon.(强调是在大街上，不是在别的地方，强调的是地点，但不用where)ItwasyesterdayafternoonthatImethiminthestreet(强调是昨天下午，不是在别的时候,强调的是时间，但不用when),强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Wasit+被强调部分+who/that+原句剩余部分强调句的特殊疑问句：What/When/Where/Who/Howis/wasit+who/that+原句剩余部分1).Whowasitthat/whoyoumetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon?Tellmewhoitwasthat/whoyoumetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon?,14.do,did,does用于强调谓语动词，加强语气1).Heisagoodstudent.-Hedoesbeagoodstudent2).Hehelpedusyesterday.Hedidhelpusyesterday.3).Becareful!Dobecareful!,15.not/never.until直到.才1).Thevillagersdidntrealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilallthefishdiedintheriver.Itwasnotuntilallthefishdiedintheriverthatthevillagersrealizedhowseriousthepollutionwas.(强调句)Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.（倒装句）,16notonly.but(also).引导并列结构：主语时，谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致。1).Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentshavetheireyesexaminedregularly.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherhashiseyesexaminedregularly.2).Theysuggestedweshouldnotonlyattendtheparty,butgiveaperformance.Theysuggestedweshouldgiveaperformanceaswellasattendtheparty,notonly.but(also).引导并列句时，notonly引导的部分置于句首时要部分倒装1).Notonlywaseverythinghehadtakenaway,butalsohisGermancitizenshipwastakenaway.2).Notonlyshouldwestudentsstudyhard,butalsoweshouldknowhowtoenjoyourselvesinoursparetime.,16.prefertodoAratherthandoB（两者相比）愿意干A而不愿意干B=wouldratherdoAthandoB1).Iprefertostayathomeratherthangototheparkinsuchweather.2).Ratherthanrideonacrowdedbus,healwaysprefertorideabicycle.,18.wouldrather+从句（从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，表示现在或将来的愿望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，表示对过去的愿望）1).Idratheryoupostedtheletterrightnow.我想让你现在就把信寄出去。2).-Afriendofyourswillcometoseeyoutoday.你的一位朋友今天要来看你。-Idratherhecameheretomorrow.我倒情愿他明天来。3).Idratheryouwerenotacelebratedactor.Inthatcase,wecouldspendmoretimetogether.我倒情愿你不是什么名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。4).IdratherIhadntseenheryesterday.我情愿昨天没见到她。,不能用wouldrathersb.do（更愿让某人干某事）的形式，可转化为wouldratherhavesbdo或转化为wouldrather+从句*1).Whowouldyourather_withtheteacherabouttheproblem?A.talkingB.talkC.havetalkedD.havetalk答案：D,19.so,neither/nor引导得倒装句表示“另一者也如如此”及前者的情况也适用于后者，用so,neither/nor引导得倒装句，助动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词。1).Hehasfinishedhishomework,sohaveI.2).Mysisterpreferscoffee,sodoI.3).Johncantrideabicycle,neither/norcanI.,4).Ifhebuysthebook,sowillhisclassmates.,若前句的谓语动词既有肯定又有否定形式时，或谓语动词不属于一类时，用Itis/wasthesamewithsb.或Soitis/waswithsb.1).Heisaworkerandheworkshard,soitiswithJohn.若后一句是对前一句所说的内容表示赞同或认可，则主语和谓语不倒装。1).-Itiscoldtoday.-Yes.Soitis2).-HevisitedTokyolastweek.-Yes.Sohedid.,20.倍数表达法：A+谓语+倍数+the+n.(size/height/length)+ofBA+谓语+倍数+as+abj.+asBA+谓语+倍数+adj.比较级+thanBA+谓语+adj.比较级+thanB+by+倍数1).Thissquareistwicethesizeofthatone.Thissquareistwiceaslargeasthatone.Thissquareisoncelargerthanthatone.2).Thisfactoryproducedthreetimesasmanycarsastheydid10yearsago.3).Heis3yearsolderthanI-HeisolderthanIby3years,21.sb.spendmoney/timeonsth./indoingsthsb.paymoney(tosb)forsth.sth.costsb.money/timeIttakessb.sometimetodosth.1).ThetimehespendswatchingTVisasmuchashedoesdoinghishomework.2).Themp3.forwhichhepaidonly￥150provedtobeuseful.3).Thenaughtyboycosthismothermanysleeplessnights.,22.as/with表示“随进展”，as后面接句子，with后面接短语1).Withtheindustrydeveloping,thepollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Astheindustrydevelops,thepollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.23.with的复合结构（作状语或作定语）with+n.+adj.(with可以省略)1).(With)thestreetwetandslippery,wehadtorideourbikesslowlyandcarefully.Becausethestreetwerewetandslippery,.2).Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,(with)theireyeswideopen.Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,andtheireyeswerewideopen.,with+n.+adv.(with可以省略)1).Heputonhiscoathurriedly,(with)thewrongsideoutwith+n.+prep-phrase(with可以省略)1).Theoldmanwasseatedinthesofa,(with)apipeinhismouth.(Also:pipeinmouth)with+n.+todo/tobedone（动词不定式的动作还未进行）with+n.+doing/beingdone（动词不定式的动作正在进行）with+n.+done（动词不定式的动作已经完成或指n.所处的状态）,1).Withsomanyproblemstosettle,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardyear.2).Hewaslyinginbed,withhiseyesfixedontheceiling3).Withthetemplebeingrepaired,wecantvisitedit.,24.以here,there,in,out,up,down等副词开头的倒装句(多用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作。)1).Herecomesthebus!(=Thebusiscominghere!)2).Awayhewent.他走远了（若主语是代词则主语与谓语不倒装）25方位状语位于句首时的倒装句1).Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar.2).Underthetreesataboy,withabookinhishand.,26.具有否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时句子要部分倒装。常用的此有：little,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,nosooner,innotime,bynomeans,innocase等1).Notasinglemistakedidhemakeintheexam.2).Innotimedidthemanrealizewhatwashappening.3).Innocasecanyoutellhimthetruth.4).Hardlyhadthetrainleftwhenherememberedhehadlefthissuitcaseonit.Nosoonerhadthetrainleftthanherememberedhehadlefthissuitcaseonit.,27.themoment,theminute,immediately,directly,ondoing表示“一.就”1).Onarriving(hisarrival)attheairport,hewassurroundedbythereporters.2).-HaveyougiveJohnthebook?-Yes,themomentIsawhim.28.while/but：while侧重两者之间的对比，but多指一件事的两个对立面。1).HelikeslisteningtomusicwhileIlikewatchingTV.2).Ibadlywantedthatbook,butIhaventenoughmoney.,29.onlytodo作结果状语，多用来表示出人意料、结局令人沮丧的结果。动词多是终结性的词，如：find,learn,tobetold,tobecaught等1).Hisfatherdisappeared,nevertoheardfromagain.2).Hehurriedtohisoffice,onlytobetoldthathewasdismissed.30.only+状语的结构放在句首，主句要部分倒装1).Theteachertoldmethatonlyinthatway,couldIlearnEnglishwell.2).Ireceivedmymotherscallat11a.m.,onlythendidIrememberitwasmybirthdaytoday.,31.Whatdoyouthinkof?（这三个句式用来询问某人对某个事物的评价或看法，Howdoyoufind?其回答应该是评价性的话语）Howdoyoulike.?1).-Howdoyoufindthefilmlastnight?-Ihaveneverseenaworseonebefore.,32.Whatis/waslike?用来询问人或事物的特征或本质1).-Whatisyourmotherlike?-Sheisaveryniceperson./Sheisverybeautiful./Shelookslikeherfather.2).-Whatistheweathergoingtobethisweekend?-Itisgoingtobefine.,33.taste,smell,look,sound,feel等感官动词作为系动词后面要接adj.作表语。1).Appleofthiskindtasteverynice.2).Smellingnice,thiskindofbreadsellswell.34.有些动词常用作不及物动词与well或easily连用，表示某物具备的某种特征。常用的词有sell,cut,wash,last,burn等。1).Hislatestworksellswell2).Drywoodburnseasily.,35.否定词与比较级连用，表达最高级的含义1).Ihaveneverseenabetterfilm.2).Icantagreeyoumore.我非常同意36It的句型1.不定式作主语，it作形式主语：It+系动词+adj./n.+forsb.todo(forsb.表示动词不定式动作的执行者)It+系动词+adj.+ofsb.todo（ofsb.既表示动词不定式动作的执行者有表示人所具备的性质或特征）,1).ItsimportantforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.2).Howrudeofhimtotreatachildlikethat!3).Itsthoughtfulofhimtofixusupforthenight.2.不定式作宾语，it作形式宾语：主语+think/consider/believe/make/feel+it+adj./n.+forsb./ofsb.+todo1).Ifeelitfoolishofhimtobelievesuchaman.2).Thetimelyrainhadmadeitpossibleforthecropstogrowwell.,3.Itissaid/thought/hoped/believed.thatSb.issaid/thought/hoped/believedtodo.1).Itissaidthatheisstudyingabroad.-Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.2).ItisconsideredthatmanycountrieshighlyvalueChinasroleinhelpingworldspeace.ManycountriesisconsideredtohighlyvalueChinasroleinhelpingworldspeace.,4.whenitcomesto.当谈到或涉及到1).Heisamanoffewwords,butwhenitcomestoplayingcomputer,hewillbeexcitedandfullofenergy.2).Whenitcomestohelpinghiswifewiththehousework,Johnnevercomplains.,5.Itisuptosb.todosth.应由某人来做某事.1)-Whenshallwestartout?-Itsuptoyoutodecide.2).ItsuptoyoutobabysitmysowhileIamawayonbusiness.beuptosth.忙于.,从事.,胜任.1).Johnisntreallyuptothatjob.约翰不适合干那项工作2).Whathaveyoubeenuptorecently?最近你一直在忙些什么,6.Itistimetodo/Itistimethat+主语+动词的一般过去式该是做.的时候了Itistimethatweendedthediscussion.,36.虚拟语气中的重点句型If+were/did(动词过去式)，主语+情态动词（would,could,might,should）+do（用来表示对现在情况的假设）1).Idonthaveacellphone.IfIhadone,itwouldbeconvenientformetocontractothers.If+haddone(过去完成式)，主语+情态动词（would,could,might,should）+havedone（用来表示对过去情况的假设）1).IfIhadgonetotheconcert,Iwouldhaveseenthefamoussinger.,If+were/did(动词过去式)，主语+情态动词（would,could,might,should）+doweretodoshoulddo（用来表示对将来情况的假设）1).IfIwerenottotake/shouldtake/tooktheexamtomorrow,Iwouldgoshoppingwithyou.虚拟语气条件句的倒装：在虚拟语气条件句中，如果出现助动词were,should,had，可省略if,把这些词提到主语前面，变成倒装句。,1).Shouldheactlikethatagain,hewouldbefined.Ifheshouldactlikethatagain,Werehetoactlikethatagain,hewouldbefined.Ifheweretoactlikethatagain,*Ifheactedlikethatagain,（不可以倒装）2).Hadthedoctorcomeintimelastnight,theboywouldhavebeensaved.Ifthedoctorhadcomeintimelastnight,.3).IfIhadtimenow,Iwouldgotothefilmwithyou.（不可以倒装,因为句中的had不是助动词）,Butfor.-Ifitwerenotfor./Ifithadntbeenfor1).Butforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersonboardwouldnthavebeensaved.Ifithadntbeenforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersonboard2).Butforyourrichparents,youwouldntlivesuchaeasylife.Ifitwerenotforyourrichparents,youwouldntlivesuchaeasylife.,再suggest,insist,demand,require,request,order,advise,propose等表示建议、要求、命令、主张的动词引导的名词性从句中，从句的谓语动词要用(should)do的形式1).MotherinsistedthatJohn(should)gotobedbefore9oolock.对比：HeinsistedthatIhadtakenawayhisdictionary.（不是建议、要求、命令或主张）2).HissuggestionthatTony(should)beinvitedtothepartywasrefused.（同位语从句）对比：Hiswordssuggestedthathewasveryangrywithme.（不是建议、要求、命令或主张）,37.asif/asthough.（表示与事实相反，用虚拟；若表示即将成为事实或有可能成为事实，则用陈述语气）1).Hewasingreattrouble,butheactedasifnothinghadhappened.2).Althoughtheyjustmetforthefirsttime,theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears3).Thecloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.,38.n./adj./adv./v.+as/though+主语+谓语，尽管,.引导让步状语从句1).Childasheis,IalreadyknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow.2).Tryashemight,hecouldntsolvetheproblem.3).MuchasIrespecthim,Icantagreewithhisidea.,39.ratherthan1).Itisbettertoaskforhelpatthebeginningratherthantowaituntilabusyperiodwheneveryoneisrushedofftheirfeet.2).Itisthebosswhoistoblameratherthantheworkers.,40.疑问词+ever=nomatter+疑问词,引导让步状语从句或名词性从句1).Whichever(=Nomatterwhich)youlike,youcantakeitaway.(让步状语从句)Youcantakeawaywhichever(=anyonethat)youlike(名词性从句)2).Wheneveryoucomes,youwillbewelcome.(让步状语从句)3).Whateverhappens,Iwillsupportyou.(让步状语从句)4).Whoeverbreaksthelaw,hewillcertainlybepunished.(让步状语从句)Whoeverbreaksthelawwi