英语词汇知识储备.doc

英语词汇知识储备同义或近义替换类：当今中国英语界衡量一个人英语水平高低的一个标志就是在于其是否能够用三种或者三种以上方法来表达同一种语言信息。意识到这一点，应考者就会发现，单就英语而言，对于中国学生所进行考核的知识点是相对固定的。各个层次的考核都不会超出这些范围，只不过在不同层次上的切入点有所变化而已。这类知识储备的意义在于，英语中有这样的题型：Replace the underlined part without changing its original meaning. 另外，现在英语的命题特征是标准化程度很高，而标准化程度很高的具体特征就是在所给出的四个选项中选取一个、排除三个。这类特征给我们的启示就是：同义或近义选项同时排除， 矛盾选项正确答案必居其一。As soon as=no sooner than=hardly when=scarcely when 两个动作衔接紧密As well as= and= along with =coulpe with 也，还有， 共同存在，相辅相成Account for =explain =explain away =take up 解释说明，占据Accuse sb of = charge sb with =blame sb for = complain over (of) 指控， 谴责， 抱怨As long as = so long as = provided (that) = under the condition that 只要， 在。条件下Because = in that 由于， 因为Because of = on account of =result from = owing to = due to 归因于。Come up with = put forward = raise 想出主意，提出观点Come across = run into = encounter = to meet unexpectedly 偶然遇到， 碰巧遇到Consist of = include = be composed of = be made up of 整体包含部分Consider.as = regardas = seeas = view.as = think of as 把。当作。， 认为。Deal with = cope with = handle 处理， 应付Experience = go through 经历Forever = for good = for keeps 永远， 永久For example = for instance = such as 例如 （前两个只需要举一个例子即可， 而such as的中文意思为诸如，后面至少需要列举两个例子。）For all = inspite of 尽管， 虽然Filter through = sink in = to be understood gradually 人们渐渐理解，人们渐渐接受In favor of sb = in sbs favor 支持某人Finally = at last eventually 最后， 最终Get over = iron out 克服困难， 度过难关Go through = experience 经受， 经历Get to know = realise 逐渐意识到Hardly = scarcely 几乎不However = nevertheless = on the contrary = by contrast = unfortunately 然而， 可是In detail = at length 详细地In the first place = at the beginning 首先Important = essential =crucial = fatal = significant = play a key role in 重要的In one word = in short = in brief = in wit = in conclusion 总之In fact = in truth = in reality 实际上Lead to = cause = make = produce = result in = bring about 导致， 造成Make sure = see that 确保Make up = invent = coin 虚构，杜撰，编造More than = not only 超过， 不仅仅No more = not any more = no longer = not any longer = used to 不再Nothing but = only 仅仅Note = realize = take notice of 注意到Obvious = apparent = evident = marked = pronounced 明显的， 显而易见的On ones part = in ones opinion = to sb 依据某人的观点Out of a sudden = suddenly 突然Out of = from 出自。Probable = likely 极可能Provided that = as long as = so long as = under the condition that 只要。， 在。条件下。Personally = in person 亲自Prevent sb from doing sth = keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事In question = in dispute 有争论的Replace = take the place of 取代Suggestion = proposal 建议， 提议Some = about 大约Subsequently = consequently 结果是Stand = bear = tolerate =endure = put up with 忍受Speak of = mention 谈论So far as = as far as = to the degree that 在。程度上Take into acount = take into consideration= take account of 予以考虑There be = there stands = there lies = there exists = there remains 客观存在Though = aithough = much as 尽管。， 虽然。Thanks to = because of = owing to 幸亏， 由于Thus = in this way 因此， 故而To the degree that = to the extent that 在。程度上Unwilling = reluctant 不情愿， 勉强Be worth = be worthy of 值得Yield to = submit to 屈服， 让步易混淆词汇： 英语中高级阶段测试中，词汇类的考核80%以上集中于易混淆词汇，需要引起应考者的高度重视。英语的易混淆词汇包括两大类，即词形上的易混淆和词义上的易混淆。Adapt（改变， 调节）-adopt（采纳）-adept（擅长于。）Alike（形似）-similar（神似）Accept（接受）-except（除了。之外）-expect（预料， 期盼）Apply for（申请获得。）-apply to（把。应用于。）Arrive（由彼及此）-reach（由此及彼）-get to（双向多口语）Avoid（避免）-prohibit（禁止）-reject（拒绝接受无用或者有瑕疵的人或物）-repel（驱逐， 击退）Believe（主观因素占主导地位）-admit（客观因素站主导地位）Bring（带来）-take（拿走）-fetch（去取回）Bring up（家庭对儿女的抚养）-cultivate（社会对人的培育）-educate（教育机构的培养）-raise（人对动物的饲养）Consider（考虑）-considering（考虑到。， 鉴于。， 由于。）-considerable（程度上极大的）-considerate （周到的， 体贴的）Chance某事发生的可能性-opportunity（良机， 机遇）Consequence（后果）-result（结果）-achievement（成就）Constantly（连续地，不断地）-consistently（始终如一地， 前后一致地）Compare（比较）-contrast（对比）Different（不同的）-indifferent（冷漠的）Economy（经济）-economic（经济方面的）-economical（节省的，节俭的）-economics（经济学）Earning（劳动所得）-income（各类收入）-salary（月薪，季薪，年薪，稳定的固定收入）-wage（周薪，日薪，大零工所得非稳定收入）Existing（现存的）-existence（生活方式）Essay（学术论文）-thesis（学位论文）Famous（在某个领域知名的）-distinguished（卓越的，极好的）Float（漂浮）-drift（漂流）Firm（雇员人数十人以下的小公司）-company（几十人规模的公司，连队）-corporation（百人以上的公司）-group（跨国家、跨地区的集团公司）Festival（出于民俗或宗教原因所致的节日）-holiday（出于政治原因所致、以法律形式颁布的全民或部分群体的公休日）-vacation（特殊群体定期享受的假期）Free（时间上的空闲）-empty（容器的空闲状态）-blank（文档的空缺）-vacant（职位或空间的空闲状态）Forget to do（忘记应该去做某事）-forget doing（忘记已经做过某事）Put forward（提出某种想法） -look forward to（期待， 盼望）Go on to do（继续做另外一件事情）- go on doing （继续做同一件事情）-go on with （经过停顿后继续做同一件事情）Glance（快速扫一眼）-glimpse（无意见看见）-glare（怒目而视）-gleam（闪光）Get through（被多数人所理解）- get across（被某个人所理解）Historic（有重大历史意义的）-historical（历史方面的）Honor（）-honored（）-honorable（）-in honor of（）Interest（兴起）-interested（对。感到有趣）-interesting（另人感兴趣的）Increase to（含有基数增长到）-increase by（不含基数增长了）Immigrant（移入民族）-emmigrant（移出民族）Inform（信息）-informative（）-well-informed（）-inform sb of（）Insistent（永不言弃的）-persistent（固执己见的）-consistent（始终如一的）-resistant（具有抵抗力的）Journal（专业期刊杂志）-magazine（杂志）Jump（向上跳）-leap（朝前跃）Keep doing sth（一直不停做某事）- keep on doing sth（一直不停地反复做同一件事情）Late（晚）-later（后来）-latest（最近的， 最新的）-latter（两者中的后者）Love（某个男子的情人、爱人、恋人）-lover（某个女子的情人、爱人、恋人）Leave sp（离开某个地方） -leave for sp（动身前往某个地方）Long before（很久以前） -before long（不久以后）Leave school（中学毕业）-skip class（逃课）-play truant（逃学）-drop out of school（辍学）Make（手工制造）-produce（机器生产）-manufacture（机器大规模、大批量生产）Merely =only（仅仅）-nearly =almost（几乎、差不多）By any means（在任何情况下）-by no means（决不）Mix（借助于外力的混合）-blend（自身的融合）might well（很可能） -might as well（不妨） officer（军官、警官）-official（政府官员）one day（从前的某一天）- some day（将来的某一天）probable =likely（很可能， 极可能）-be sure = be certain = bet（肯定、绝对）-may(be) = possible（有可能）-perhaps（不大可能）politics(政治学)-political(政治方面的)-politician(政客)-statesman(政治家)purse(女士钱包)-wallet(男士钱包)physics(物理学)-physical(物理方面的)-physicist(物理学家)-physician(内科医生)-surgeon(外科医生)-psychologist(心理医生)-vet(兽医)question（口头可以回答的问题）-problem（急需解决的难题）-issue（需要进一步商讨加以确定的问题）out of question（没有问题）-out of the question（有太大麻烦）rise（不及物动词上升）-raise（及物动词举起）rather（非常、很、十分，后面加不理想的结果）-fairly（非常、很、十分，后面加理想的结果）remaining（剩下的，放于名词前面）-left（剩下的，放于名词后面）rather than（而不是，前后必须出现对等结构）-instead of（代替，后面出现名词结构即可）remedy（治疗，强调动作而不是结果）-heal（伤口自己的愈合）-cure（治愈，强调动作的结果）respect（尊敬）-respectful（充满敬意的，必恭必敬的）-respectable（另人尊敬的）-respective（分别的，单独的，各自的）remember to do（记着去做某事）- remember doing（记得曾经做过某事）road（马路，城市的远郊或农村的路）-street（城市或城镇里的街道）-highway（公路）-expressway（高速公路）-path（山间或林间的小径）refrain（自我控制）-restrain（抑制， 克制）-prevent（预防，阻止）-resist（抵御）Please refrain from smoking.deserve（值得，应该得到）-reserve（预定）-pr