《句子种类2》PPT课件

英语句子的种类,练习：将上四个例句变成否定陈述句。,句子的分类（按用途划分）：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句,（一）陈述句：用来陈述一件事情，说明一个事实，表述说话人的看法、和态度的句子。常用结构：主语+谓语+其它。句末通常是句号。Eg.1.TomcanspeakgoodEnglish.汤姆英语说的很好。2.Heisastudent.他是一个学生。3.Ilikefootball.我喜欢足球。4.Tomgetsupearlyeveryday.汤姆每天都起得很早。,1.TomcannotspeakgoodEnglish.,2.Heisnotastudent.,3.Idontlikefootball.,4.Tomdoesntgetupearlyeveryday.,1.及物动词：后必须跟宾语Eg.TheystudyEnglish.Sheeatsanappleeveryday.WeraisetheflageveryMonday.我们每周一升旗。,2.不及物动词：后需加介词才能跟宾语Theflagrises.旗升起来了。Pleasestandup./Pleasecomehere.TheylistentoEnglisheverymorning.他们每天早上都听英语。,连系动词后跟表语。,助动词无特殊意义，帮助构成否定句、疑问句、正在进行时态、完成时态或被动语态等,常见助动词有be,do,haveWedontlikethefilm.我们不喜欢这部电影。（用于否定句）Tomisdoinghishomework.汤姆正在做作业。（用于正在进行时态）Hehasfinishedhiswork.他已经完成了工作。（用于完成时态）,情态动词后须跟动词原形。情态动词有will,can,may,must,need等Youmaygonow.你可以走了。Iwillbethereontime.我会准时到那儿的。,常见连系动词有：be,become/turn(变得)，look(看起来)，,smell(闻起来),sound（听起来），feel（摸起来），taste（尝起来）等,Eg.Sheisbeautiful./Sheisastudent.Hisfaceturnred.他的脸变红了。Yourcoatlooksnice.你的外套看起来很漂亮。Themusicsoundsbeautiful.这音乐听起来很美。,be动词、助动词和情态动词变否定形式在其后直接加not.,行为动词和除be动词以外的系动词，变否定形式要在其前加dont或doesnt。,可单独使用,必须与行为动词或系动词连用构成谓语,行为动词1.TheystudyEnglish.2.Sheeatsanappleeveryday.3.Theflagrises.4.TheylistentoEnglisheverymorning.系动词5.Sheisbeautiful.6.Yourcoatlooksnice.7.Themusicsoundsbeautiful.助动词8.Tomisdoinghishomework.9.Hehasfinishedhiswork.情态动词10.Youmaygonow.11.Iwillbethereontime.,将下列句子变成否定句。,提示：1.行为动词和除be动词以外的系动词，变否定形式要在其前加dont或doesnt。2.be动词、助动词和情态动词变否定形式在其后直接加not.,(studydontstudy),(eatsdoesnteat),(risesdoesntrise),(listentodontlistento),(isisnt),(looksdoesntlook),(soundsdoesntsound),(isdoingisnotdoing),(hasfinishedhasnotfinished),(maygomaynotgo),(willbewillnotbe),注：1）半否定句Ihardlyknowanythingaboutit.2）部分否定句与全否定句Idontlikeboththefilms.IlikeneitherCathynorMary.3)否定转移Idontthinkitwillbeverycoldtoday.(believe,expect,suppose),2、疑问句,（1）疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，询问情况。分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。,(2)、疑问句的分类,1）一般疑问句用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或no，注意语序。Haveyouanythingtosay?Didsomeonephonemelastnight?否定疑问句Cantyouunderstandit?Isntitabeautifullake?-HaventyoubeentotheUK?-No,Ihavent.,行为动词1.TheystudyEnglish.2.Sheeatsanappleeveryday.3.Theflagrises.4.TheylistentoEnglisheverymorning.系动词5.Sheisbeautiful.6.Yourcoatlooksnice.7.Themusicsoundsbeautiful.助动词8.Tomisdoinghishomework.9.Hehasfinishedhiswork.情态动词10.Youmaygonow.11.Iwillbethereontime.,将下列句子变成一般疑问句,提示：1.行为动词和除be动词以外的系动词，变一般疑问句直接在句首加do或does或did。2.be动词、助动词和情态动词变一般疑问句，直接将这些词提前。.,DotheystudyEnglish?,Doessheeatanappleeveryday?,Doestheflagrise?,DotheylistentoEnglisheverymorning?,Isshebeautiful?,Doesyourcoatlooknice?,Doesthemusicsoundbeautiful?,IsTomdoinghishomework?,Hashefinishedhiswork?,Mayyougonow?,Willyoubethereontime?,2）特殊疑问句,1.特殊疑问句的定义;以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：whatwhowhomwhosewhichwhenwherehowwhy等。,2.特殊疑问句有两种语序（1）陈述语序Whowasthefirstmaninspace?（2）倒装语序Whomareyoutalkingabout?,注：A、简略式Whynotgoalone?Whygetsoangry?How/Whatabouttakingarest?B、复杂特殊疑问句Whatdoyouthinkhehasdone?,练习：对下列句子划线部分提问。,提示：陈述句变特殊疑问句方法：1.对主语进行提问，直接用相应疑问词代替主语，其它都照写。2.对非主语部分进行提问，用相应疑问词代词该部分，并将其放在句首，然后将剩下的部分变成一般疑问句。,WhogoestoseehisgrandparentsonSundays?,Who(m)doesTomgotoseeonSundays?,WhendoesTomgotoseehisgrandparents?,3）选择疑问句,选择疑问句（alternativequestions）一般提出两种或两种以上的可能，问对方选择哪一种。其结构可用一般疑问句，也可用特殊疑问句，供选择的两部分由or连接，前者用升调，后者用降调，如：Willyougotherebybusorbytrain？Whatwouldyoulike，coffeeortea？,(1)以一般疑问句为基础Isheateacheroradoctororapoliceman?ShallIhelpyouorcanyoumanage?(2)以特殊疑问句为基础Whichdoyouprefer,redwineorwhite?Howshallwegothere?Bybusorbytrain?(3)ornot构成的选择疑问句Doyouwanttobuyitornot？,4)：反意疑问句,A、含义：在一个陈述句之后附上一个简短的疑问句，对陈述句提出相反的疑问，这种疑问句叫反意疑问句。如：1.Heisclever,isnthe?2.WespeakChinese,dontwe?,B、结构：,结构一：前肯，+后否eg.Heisclever,isnthe?,结构二：前否，+后肯eg.Heisntclever,ishe?,结构一：前肯，+后否Be动词：1.Youareanactor,_?2.Heisagoodboy,_?3.Itwasfineyesterday,_?4.YouwerestudyingwhenIcalledyoulastnight,_?5.Sheisgoingtovisitme,_?6.IamChinese,_?,arentyou,isnthe,wasntit,werentyou,isntshe,arentI,行为动词：1.Itoftenrainshere,_?2.Helikessoccer,_?3.Youhaveaheadache,_?4.Icalledyouyesterday,_?其它动词：1.YouwillgotoAmerica,_?2.WehaveeverbeentoShanghai,_?,doesntit,doesnthe,dontyou,didntI,wontyou,haventwe,C、特殊用法(一）1.Hismotherisadoctor,_?2.Thedogsarefighting,_?Thereisaboyinourclassroom,_?4.Thereweremanycarsinthestreet,_?5.Therewillberobotsinourfamilies,_?,isntshe,arentthey,isntthere,werentthere,wontthere,三、特殊用法(二）6.Sitdownplease,_?7.Pleasecallme,_?8.Letsgohome,_?9.Letusgohome,_?10.Letmesee,_?,will/wontyou,shall/shantwe,will/wontyou,will/wontyou,will/wontyou,结构二：前否，+后肯1.Youarentanactor,_?2.Heisntagoodboy,_?3.Itwasntfineyesterday,_?4.Itdoesntrainhere,_?5.Hissisterdoesnthaveaheadache,_?6.Youdidntcallmeyesterday,_?,areyou,ishe,doesit,doesshe,wasit,didyou,7.YouwontgotoU.S.A.,_?8.Thereisntaboyinourclassroom,_?9.Therewerentmanycarsinthestreet,_?10.Dontsmoke,_?11.Dontletsdoit,_？,willyou,isthere,werethere,willyou,shallwe,（三）祈使句：用来表示命令或请求，说话的对象是第二人称you,但常常被省略。常用动词原形开头。否定祈使句在句首加dont,Eg.Sitdown,please!请坐下！Givemeapieceofpaper!给我一张纸！Dontwasteyourtime!不要浪费你的时间!Letsgo!我们走吧！,补充考点：祈使句的反义疑问句1.肯定祈使句，反义疑问部分用willyou或wontyouGivemeapieceofpaper,willyou?(或wontyou?)2.否定祈使句，反义疑问部分只用willyou?Dontwasteyourtime,willyou?,（四）感叹句：表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈情感的句子。感叹句一般由what或how开头，What修饰名词，how修饰形容词、副词、动词。句末加感叹号“！”,Whatinterestingfilms!Howfoolishsheis!Howclearlyyouspeak!,1.以what开头的感叹句,1.“What+a(an)+形容词+单数可数名词+(主语+谓语)！”如：Whatacleverboy(heis)!Whatapity!2.“What+形容词+复数可数名词+（主语+谓语）！”如：Whatbeautifulflowers(theyare)!3.“What+形容词+不可数名词+（主语+谓语）！”如：Whatfreshmilk(itis)!Whatfun!,2.以how开头的感叹句,1.“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”如：Howbeautifulthegirlis!2.“How+形容词+a(an)+单数可数名词+（主语+谓语）+！”如：Howgoodanexamplehesetforus!3.“How+副词+主语+谓语！”如：Howfast