简单句五大基本句型精(共36张)ppt精选课件

.,简单句的基本句型,.,英语句子的种类(按结构）,简单句(simplesentence),并列句(compoundsentence),复合句(complexsentence),.,主语,谓语,宾语,表语,Vt（及物动词）,系动词,Vi（不及物动词）,英语句子基本成分示意图,简单句（SimpleSentences）就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了,.,2.Acraneeatsfish.3.ASwanhasalongthinneck.4.Aswallowhasaforkedtail.,1.Agoldeneagleisflying.,Subject(主语),S动作发出者,Verb（谓语）,V动作本身,DirectObject（宾语）,DO动作承受者,1.S+V主语+谓语主谓结构,2.S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语,Vi不及物动词,后面没有宾语,Vt及物动词,后面必须有宾语,.,SV和SVO的注意点,1.Theyarerunning.2.Jimcandraw.3.Thebabypandasdrinkmilk.4.WewillreadEnglish.,rundrawvi.(不及物动词）,drinkreadvt.（及物动词）,注意:1.谓语(V)具有各种不同时态;进行时；情态动词；现在时；以及将来时2.在句中先找主语subject再找谓语部分如是不及物动词，其后不能直接加宾语如是及物动词，其后必须有宾语。其后有没有宾语是S+V和S+V+O判断标志3.如果对宾语提问使用疑问词what.,1.S+V,1.S+V+O,Whatdothebabypandasdrink?,Whatwillweread?,.,动词+todo:learn/prepare/wouldlike/need/have/try/want/hope/plan/agree/choose/decide这就是我们常见的动词+todo句型动词+doingsth:mind/finish/practise这就是我们常见的动词+doing句型动词+宾语从句:think/believe/besure/beafraid/say/know/find,Thegovernmentwantstoprotecttheendangeredbirds.,S,V,O,Iwillfinishdoinghomeworksoon.,S,V,O,Ithinkthatyoucandothejob.,S,V,O,.,Ilikethegoldeneagle.,Ithasahookedbeak.,Itlooksstrong.,Itislovely.,linkingverbs(系动词),V,1.S+V(lv)+P主语+谓语(系动词)+表语,系动词,表语,表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态),be(amisarewaswere)/seem/keep/是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound/看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)become/turn/get/grow/变得,.,常见的连系动词1.表示感觉的动词5个-翻译为起来feel感到excited;smellgood;tastedelicious;soundinteresting;lookhappy2.表示变化的动词：有固定的搭配getsmaller;growolder;becomestronger;turnyellow;gobad;cometrue3.表示状态保持的动词：stayhealthy;keepwarm;remain保持be(am,is.are,was,were)是；seem似乎,必须是这三类专门的词，而且必须表达这个特殊的含义时才是系动词。,.,1Themanisinthepark.2Helookskind.3Heisakindman.4Thesingingofbirdssoundsbeautiful.5Theworldwillbecomebetter.,lv,lv,lv,lv,lv,P（介词短语）,P（adj）,P(adj),P（n名词短语）,P(adj形容词比较级),表语P成分可以是形容词，名词，介词短语(形名介),.,Sheoftenlaughs.2.Sheislaughingnow.3.Shewilllaughsoon.4.Sheissinginghappily.Sheissingingasong.Sheisasinger.Sheishappy.,(S+V+O),(S+V),(S+V),(S+V),(S+V),区分进行时态和SVP中lv是Be动词的情况,注意:1现在进行时的谓语与主系表结构有区别:关键要看be动词后接的是实义动词ing形式还是表语(形名介).,(S+V+P),Happilyadv修饰动词singvi,Asong是名词做宾语singvt,asinger名词表语happy形容词表语,一般现在时,现在进行时,一般将来时,谓语(V)具有各种不同时态,.,WecallthemanDavid.,azookeeper,OC(宾补),ObjectComplement,OC,Imakehimangry.,Hetellsustoprotectthebirds,David,S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补,.,Wecall,theman,David,1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词,S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补句型,theman,is,David,此处为名词宾补,可接名词宾补的动词有call/elect/name/find,.,Imake,him,angry,1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词,主+谓+宾+宾补句型简称主谓宾补,He,is,此处为形容词宾补,可接形容词宾补的动词有keep/make/find,.,Weoftenfind,him,inthezoo,1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词,主+谓+宾+宾补句型简称主谓宾补,He,is,此处为介短宾补,可接介短宾补的动词有keep/see/notice/find,.,Hetells,us,toprotectthebirds,1仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况就是我们常见的动词+sb+todo词组,主+谓+宾+宾补句型简称主谓宾补,此处为带to的动词不定式做宾补,.,Hetellsustoprotectthebirds.,常见的可接带to不定式宾补的动词有：tell,ask,want,wouldlike,wish,teach,inviteV+O+OC(Vsbtodosth),Mydeskmateoftenmakesmelaugh.,常见的可接不带to不定式当宾补的动词有：一感二听三让五看”feel,/hear,listento,/let,make,have,/lookat,see,watch,notice,observeV+O+OC(Vsbdosth),Hekeepsmewaiting.,常见的可接动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有：Keep和see,hear,feel,watch,findV+O+OC(Vsbdoingsth),.,IoftenhearDavid_whenIstayathome,butyesterdayIwasveryangrybecauseIheardhim_inhisroomatmidnight.Asing;sangBsinging;singingCsing;singingDsing;sing,C,感官类动词用动词原形和动词-ing形式做宾补含义不同,.,Hespokeloudlytomakehimselfheard.,常见的可接动词-ed形式作宾补的动词有：Have,make,get,see,hear,feel,watch,findV+O+OC(Vsbdone),Canyouhearsomeoneplayingbasketballnextdoor?,Hecamehomeatmidnightandfoundhismoneystolen.,Vsbdone,Vsbdoingsth,.,1Ifindyouclever.2Wewillmakeourcountrystrongerandstronger.3Theycankeepthezooclean.4Parentswishtheirchildrentostudyhard.5Weoftenmaketheteachershelpus.,DO,DO,DO,DO,DO,OC(adj),OC形容词比较级,OCadj,OCtodo不定式,OC动词原形,常考的主谓宾补句型：,.,一个非常特殊的句型IfounditinteresingtolearnEnglish.,动词（make/feel/find/consider/think)+it+宾补+真正宾语,IfeltitusefultolearnEnglish.,.,weshouldntgiveanyfood.,thebirds,S,V,DO（直接宾语)Directobject,IO(间接宾语),IndirectObject,Hetellsmesomerules.,S+V+IO+DO主+谓+间宾+直宾句型,.,Ipass,Hebought,him,abook,hisson,apresent.,to,for,双宾语结构中有两个宾语，判断标准是可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词to/for,S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语,加to:bring/give/offer/pass/show/sell/tell/send/lend/return/hand加for:buy/choose/draw/make/order/paint/sing/save,.,3Manyboysarerunning.,1Ifeelexcited.,4HegaveTomapresent.,5Ifinditinteresting.,6Musicsoundsbeautiful.,7Iamastudent.,8Sheboughtapenforme.,9Isawherdance.,2TheyarewatchingTV.,主语+谓语(系动词)+表语,主语+谓语（及）+宾语,主语+谓语（不及物）,主+谓+间宾+直宾句型,主+谓+宾+宾补,主语+谓语(系动词)+表语,主语+谓语(系动词)+表语,主+谓+间宾+直宾句型,主+谓+宾+宾补,10.IcallhimLiMing.,主+谓+宾+宾补,.,11.Shespokeverysoftly.12.HeboughtaT-shirt.13.JaynamedhisdogBobby.14.Shelookslovely.,主语+谓语（不及物）,主语+谓语（及）+宾语,主+谓+宾+宾补,主语+谓语(系动词)+表语,.,常考的主谓宾补句型：请找出宾补1WenameourcityYangzhou.2ThestudentsmakeDanielmonitor.3Everyoneshouldmaketheclassroomclean.4Milliefoundthemovieveryinteresting.5Ileftthebookathome.6Theyfinallyfoundthepenunderthebook.,.,7Myteacherlettheboystandanhour.8Iheardhimsingasonglastnight.9Iwatchourteamplayingfootball.10Iheardhimsingingat12lastnight.11Mymotherkeepsmewaitinganhour.12WesawKittydancingatthatmoment.13Iwouldlike/wantyoutodoabirdcount.14Mr.Tangteachesmehowtoreadabook.,.,练习:下列句子分别属于哪一基本句型A.主语+系动词+表语B.主语+谓语C.主语+谓语+宾语D.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语E.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语,()1.Theflowersmellssweet.()2.IvisitedmyteacherlastSunday.()3.Theyaredancing.()4.Mrs.Blackhelpedhissonbrushhisteeth.()5.Jennyboughtawatchforhim.,.,()6.Hismothersenthimanewwatch.()7.Ioftenhearhersinginthenextroom.()8.Thegirlopenedthedoor.()9.MaryandLynnliveinTaiyuan.()10.Shelookslikehermother.,()11.Youshouldstudyhard.()12.Thechildrenplayfootballontheplaygroundeveryafternoon.,.,()13.Theweatherisgettingwarmerandwarmer.()14.Wepaintedthewallwhite.()15.Heaskedmetogoswimmingwithhim.,()16.OnSundaymanypeoplehaveawalkinthepark.()17.Misszhanghastaughtusmathsfortwoyears.()18.TomandJohnarethebeststudentsinourclass.()19.Hedideverythingtohelpthepoor.()20.Sheaskedmemytelephonenumber.,Hastaughtmathstous,.,易考的混淆点一Thefoodtastes_(delicious).S+V(lv)+PIwilltastethefood_(good).S+V(Vt)+OHisfatherlooked_(angry)S+V(lv)+PHisfatherlooked_(angry)athim.S+V(Vi+介词)+O,delicious,well,angry,angrily,1三类专门词，而且表达这种特殊含义才是系动词。有的词具备多种含义所以具备多种词性,.,易考的混淆点一1Helooks_becausehissonislooking_atthebird.Ahappy,happilyBhappily,happilyChappily,happyDhappily,happy_,hecanstayinHongkongfortwodays.However,afterheheardgoodnews,hestayedvery_.ALuckily;calmBLucky;calmCLucky;calmlyDLuckily;calmly,A,1三类专门词，而表达特殊的含义才是系动词。有的词具备多种含义所以具备多种词性,A,.,易考的混淆点二1Thefoodtastes_AgoodBwell2Weshouldstay_duringtheearthquake.AcalmBcalmly3Theyoungboybecomes_Amoreandmoresurpri