初一年级英语下册总结.doc

新目标初一下册Unit 1 Where is your pal from?一词组1、be/come from:来自 2、live in Paris:住在巴黎 3、write to me soon:快点给我写信 4、play sports:运动、锻炼 5、speak a little French:讲一点法语 6、like going to the movies with my friends： 喜欢和我的朋友去看电影 7、tell sb about.告诉某人关于、 8、an interesting country: 一个有趣的国家 9、in November： 在十一月 10、speak a little French： 说一点法语 11、like playing sports：喜欢做运动 12、her favorite language：她最喜欢的语言 13、write to Tom：写信给汤姆 14、Jolies pen pal：朱利的笔友 15、likes and dislikes:好恶、爱憎 二重点句式：1 Wheres your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal from/2 Where does he live?3 What language(s) does he speak?4 I want a pen pal in China. 5 I can speak English and a little French.6 Please write and tell me about yourself.7 Can you write to me soon?8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.三本单元的国家，人民、语言对应。1 Canada- Canadian- English / French2 France- French-French3 Japan-Japanese-Japanese 4 Australia-Australian- English5 the United States- American- English6 the United Kingdom-British- EnghishUnit 2 Wheres the post office?一词组1、打扰了Excuse me 2、散步 take a walk 3、玩的开心 have fun 4、向左/右转 turn left/right 5、一个干净又宁静的超市 : clean and quiet supermarket 6、一直走 go straight 7、穿过公园 go through the park 8、在右边 on the right 9、欢迎来中国 Welcome to China 10、参观格林大道 visit Green Street 11、世界之旅的开始 the beginning of the world tour 12、买一些食品 buy some food 13、饭店隔壁 next to the restaurant 14、乘出租车 take/have a taxi / by taxi 15、沿着长街走 go down /along/up Long Street 16、穿过第六大道 go through Sixth Street 17、在新公园右转 turn right at New Park 18、在大桥街 on Bridge Street 19、旅途愉快 have a good trip 20、去学校的路 the way to school 21、邮局:post office 22、公用电话:pay phone 23、第五大街 Five Avenue 24、中心街道 on Center Street 25、靠近 next to 26、在对面 be across from 27、在和之间 between. and.28、在一个安静/繁忙的街道上on a quiet/busy street 29、在附近 near here=in the neighborhood 30、在你家附近near your home 31、在你的右边 on your right 32、欢迎到来 welcome to. 33、花园区 the Garden District 34、花园游览the garden tour 35、步行穿过take a walk through 36、经过pass. 37、有花园的房子 a house with a garden 38、.的开头 the beginning of. 39、一个玩的高兴的好地方a good palce to have fun 40、在超市买些食buy some food in the supermarket 41、去我家的路 the way to my home 42、一个干净的公园a clean park 43、一条安静的街道a quiet street 44、一家旧旅馆an old hotel 45、一个繁华的超市a busy supermarket 46、三个很脏的房间three very dirty rooms二。重要句型1 Where is (the nearest) ？ （最近的）在哪里？2 Can you tell me the way to ？ 你能告诉我去的路吗？3 How can I get to ？ 我怎样到达呢？4 Is there near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有吗？5 Which is the way to ？ 哪条是去的路？6. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。7. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。8. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。9. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。10. Youd better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。（Youd better+动词原形）三重难点解析1enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣，喜爱做某事I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书。到目前为止，我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy，都是要带 doing.I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子。2hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试。hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗。（从句即是一个小句子，这个小句子又放在大句子中，从属于大句子，所以叫从句。如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句，它又放在I hope 的后面，形成句中有句。）3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子。If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱，我就会去月球。If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你饿了的话，你可以在超市买一些食物。Unit 3 Why do you like koalas?一词组1、let sb do sth.让某人做某事:Let him go .让他走吧。 2、kind of=a bit =a little 稍微、有点 3、有点有趣：kind of interesting 4、有点懒：kind of lazy 5、来自南非：be from South Africa 6、对某人友好：be friendly to sb 7、和某人友好相处：be friendly with sb 8、喜欢做某事（习惯性的）：like doing sth 9、喜欢做某事（偶尔一次的、未发生的）： like to do sth 10、保持安静：be/keep quiet 11、在白天：during/in the day 12、在晚上：at night=in the night 13、每天：every day 14、每天的、日常的：everyday 15、和朋友一起玩：play with ones friends 16、在白天睡觉：sleep during the day 17、他12岁：He is twelve years old. 18、起床：get up 19、吃叶子：eat leavies 二 重点难点释义1、kind of 有点，稍微Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。kind 还有“种类”的意思如：各种各样的 all kinds ofWe have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲China 和Africa都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词in连用。There are many kinds of tigers in China.There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.3、friendly adj. 友好的，和蔼可亲的它是名词friend的形容词形式，常常和be动词连用, be friendly。The people in Chengdu are very friendly.4、with prep. 跟，同，和在一起I usually play chess with my father.注意区别与and的用法，and通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时，如果有I, I通常放在 and 之后，如：My father and I usually play chess together.Play with “和一起玩耍”“玩”I often play with my pet dog.Dont play with water!5、day和night 是一对反义词，day 表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。通常说in the day, during the day, at night。Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.6、leaf n. 叶子复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wifewives, wolfwolves,knifeknives等。7、hour n. 小时；点钟hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”， 即：an hour。There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.8、be from 来自be from = come fromPandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.9、meat n. （食用的）肉，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：much meatHe eats much meat every day.10、grass n. 草，为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：much grass。There is much grass on the playground.Unit 4 I want to be an actor.一词组unit4 1、他是干什么的？： What does he do?=whats he?=Whats his job? 2、和某人一起工作：work with sb 3、在、工做：work at/in. 4、为、工作：work for. 5、给某人某物：give sth to sb=give sb sth 6、从、得到、：get sth from . 7、穿着白色的制服：wear a white uniform（状态） 8、穿上你的衣服：put on your coat（动作） 9、有点危险：kind of dangerous 10、两个小偷：two thieves 11、和某人交谈：talk to/with sb 12、谈论、：talk about sb/sth 13、问某人问题：ask sb questions 14、工作得晚：work late 15、做某事迟到：be late for sth. 16、出去就餐：go out to dinners 17、忙碌：be busy 18、忙于做、： be busy with sth=be busy doing sth 19、对、感兴趣：be/become interested in. 20、一个有趣的工作：an interesting job 21、努力工作：work hard 22、艰苦的工作：hard work 23、一项适合你的工作：a job for you 24、给你提供一个工作：have a job for you 25、和演员一起工作：work with actors 26、打电话给晚报：call the Evening Newspaper 27、在医院：in/at a hospital 28、很多，许多：a lot of=lots of 29、 想要做：want to do. 30、招聘广告：want ads 31、其他年轻人：other young people 32、参加校园剧的演出：be in the school play 33、需要一名医生：need a doctor 34、售货员，店员： sales assistant 35、警官：police officer 36、银行职员：bank clerk 37、 害怕，恐怕： be afraid of 38、电视台：TV station 39、警察局：police station 40、流行歌手：pop singer 41、重要人物；Very Important Person 42、出去：go out 43、校园剧：school play 44、尽可能快地：as soon as possible 45、晚报：evening newspaper 46、数钱：count money 47、有点儿危险：kind of dangerous 48、写故事：write stories 49、运动教练：a sports coach 二询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式 What + is / are + sb? What + does/ do + sb + do? What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + job?Unit 5 Im watching TV一词组1、看电视：watch TV 2、看书： read a book=read books=do some reading 3、看一只小鸟 5、看电影：go to the movies 6、做家庭作业：do (ones)homework 7、那听起来还不错：That sounds good/nice. 8、写信：write a letter 9、这个电视剧无聊： This TV show is boring/isnt interesting. 10、等候、：wait for. 11、等候某人做某事：wait for sb to do sth 12、游泳：swim=have a swim=go swimming 13、购物：shop=go shopping=do some shopping 14、在图书馆：in the library 15、 打篮球：play basketball 16、谢谢你的来信：Thanks for your letter. 17、谢谢某人做某事：thanks/thank sb for doing sth 18、在第一张图里：in the first photo 19、一些图片：some photos 20、在游泳池里游泳：swim at the pool 21、下一张图片：the next photo 22、在家里：at home 23、和某人在一起：be with sb 24、最后一张图片：the last photo 25、我的全家福：a photo of my family 26、打电话：talk on the phone 27、我的一些照片：some of my photos 28、电视节目:TV show 29、这是、:This is.（介绍人用）二现在进行时现在进行时现在进行时的用法表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作现在进行时时间状语及标志性词now现在at this time在这时at the moment 现在look看（后面有明显的“！”）listen 听（后面有明显的“！”） 现在分词的构成一般在动词结尾处加ingEg: gogoinglook-looking 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e加ing。Eg: writewritingclose-closing 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个字母，再加ing.Eg: getgettingrunrunning( swim, run, put,get,sit,begin) 现在进行时的构成肯定句: 主语+ am/is/are+ doing +其他+时状.Eg: He is doing his homework now.否定句：主语+am/is/are +not+ doing+其他+时状. Eg: He is not doing his homework now.一般疑问句： Am/Is/Are +主语+ doing+其他+时状？Eg: Is he doing his homework now?肯定回答：Yes,主语 +am/is/areEg Yes, he is.否定回答：No, 主语+am not/isnt/arentEg: No, he isnt.Unit 6 Its raining!一词组1、今天云南的天气怎么样？：Hows the weather in Yunnan today?= Whats the weather like in Yunnan today? 2、做晚饭：cook dinnner/supper 3、玩电脑游戏：play computer games 4、你怎么样？（两人见面时）Hows it going? 5、相当好：pretty good 6、好天气：fine/nice weather 7、在雨中：in the rain 8、一个有风的晚上：a windy night 9、环球节目：Around The World show 10、中央电视台：CCTV 11、阳光明媚的一天：a beautiful,sunny day 12、许多人：many/a lot of /lots of people 13、在度假：on vacation(介词） 14、在度假：take a vacation（动词） 15、多云的：be cloudy 16、刮风的：be windy 17、热的/冷的/温暖的/凉爽的/潮湿的： be hot/cold/warm/cool/humid 18、拍照：take photos=take a photo 19、躺在沙滩上：lie on the beach 正 躺在沙滩上：be lying on the beach 20、一群学生：a group of students 21、这群孩子：this group of children 22、打沙滩排球：play beach volleyball 23、看上去很酷/漂亮/年轻：look cool/beautiful/young 24、惊讶：be surprised +从句 25、惊讶做、:be surprised to do sth 26、对、感到惊讶：be surprised at. 27、在高温下/在这么热的天：in this heat 28、玩的高兴：have a good time=have fun=enjoy oneself 29、戴围巾：wear scarfs 30、中央电视台世界各地节目： CCTVs Around The World show 31、确实很舒适 ：really very relaxed 32、弹吉他：play the guitar 二重点句型1How is the weather? 天气怎么样？In the raining. 在下雨。2What are you doing? 你正在做什么？Im watching TV. 我在看电视。3What are they doing? 他们在做什么？They are studying. 他们在学习。4What is he doing? 他在做什么？He is playing basketball . 他在打篮球。5What is she doing ? 她在做什么？She is cooking . 她在做饭。三重难点解析1 询问天气情况的句式：(横线内容可替换) How is the weather in Beijing? (How is the weather today?) Whats the weather like in Beijing? ( Whats the weather like today?)2 回答上面问题的句式：Its + adj. (形容词)Eg: Its windy.3 Hows it going (with you)? Not bad. Great! Terrible! Pretty good.4 Thank you for joining CCTVs Around The Word show.5 I am surprised they can play in this heat.6 Everyone is having a good time.7 People are wearing hats and scarfs. wear 指穿衣服的状态。 put on指穿衣服的动作。四谈论天气的日常用语1. Its sunny/rainy/cloudy. 今天是晴天/雨天/阴天。2. Lovely weather,isnt it? 天气真好，是吗？3. It looks like rain. 看起来要下雨。4. Its raining cats and dogs. 正是瓢泼大雨。5. It seems to be cleaning up. 天似乎要转晴。6. Its blowing hard. 风刮得很大。7. Its snowing heavily. 正在下大雪。8. The snow wont last long. 雪不会持续太久。9. Its very foggy. 雾很大。10. The fog is beginning to lift. 正在收雾。11. Its thundering and lightening. 雷电交加。12. Whats the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样？13. Whats the weather report for tomorrow? 天气预报明天怎么样？14. Its quite different from the weather report. 这和天气预报相差很大。15. Its rather changeable. 天气变化无常。16. Whats the temperature? 温度是多少？17. Its two below zero. 零下二度。18. The temperature has dropped a lot today. 今天温度低多了。Unit 7 What does he look like?一词组1.short/curly/long/straight hair：短/卷/长/直发 2.medium height/build：中等高度/身材 3.look like：看起来象 4.the captain of the basketball team：篮球队队长 5.be a little bit quiet：有点儿少言寡语 6.stop doing sth.：停止做某事 7.like playing chess ：喜欢下棋 8.wear glasses：戴眼镜 9.a pop singer：一个流行歌手 10.a new look：一个新的形象 11.black/brow/blonde hair：黑色/棕色/金黄色的头发 12.last month:上个月 13.a woman with long black hair:一个有着长长金发的妇女 二重难点解析1 What does/ do +主语 + look like? 询问某人的外貌特征，看上去什么样？Eg: What does your friend look like?2 形容头发时， 可按照先长短，后曲直，最后说颜色的顺序说。Eg: She has long curly black hair.3 one of + 名词复数，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。Eg: One of his friends is a worker.4 不定代词做主语时，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。修饰不定代词词，应该放在它的后面Eg: I can go shopping and nobody knows me.5He is (通常为形容词，包括身高、体形等)He has（通常为形容词修饰的名词，包括头发、五官）He wears（穿、戴、留。可以是衣服、帽子、鞋子等，也可以是眼镜、手表、胡须）6I dont think的用法表达否定的看法I dont think she is good-looking.Unit 8 Id like some noodles.一词组1.what kind of：哪一种 2.would like sth.：想要某东西 3.a small/medium/large bowl of noodles：小/中/大碗的面条 4.orange juice： 桔子汁 5.green tea：绿茶 6.a dumpling house/House of sumplings:一家饺子店 7.phone number：电话号码 8.tomato soup：西红柿汤 二重难点解析1would like 想要（表示一种委婉的语气）其用法相当于want.would like + 名词would like an apple (want an apple)would like to do sthHe would like to play soccer.-Would you like to see the dolphins?-Yes, Id like to.（1）would 是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，可与人称代词缩写为d, 与其它情态动词一样可帮助完成疑问句和否定句。（你能举出例子吗？）我想要些牛肉。 Id like some beef.她想去打乒乓球。She would like to play ping-pang. （你能变否定句和疑问句吗？）（2) Would you like sth.? 是提建议的一种句型，如需用一些，用some而不用any.肯定回答是： Yes, please./ All right./ Yes./OK.其否定回答是：No, thanks.2 What kind of noodles would you like?kind 在此句中作“种类”讲，a kind of 一种，all kinds of 各种各样的。kind of 有几分A cat is a kind of animal.There are all kinds of animals in the zooThe cat is kind of smart.3Can I help you?你要买什么肯定Yes, please . I wouldlike 否定No, thanks.Unit 9 How was your weekend?一词组1.do ones homework：做家庭作业 2.play soccer：踢足球 3.clean ones room：打扫某人的房间 4.go to the beach：去海滩 5.play tennis：打网球 6.go to the movies：去看电影 7.last weekend：上周末 8.do some reading：阅读 9.practice English：练习英语 10.study for the match test：为数学考试准备 11.last week ：上周 12.on Saturday morning/ aternoon/ evening/ night：在星期六的早晨/下午/晚上/深夜 13.an interesting talk show：一个有趣的谈话节目 14.go for a walk：去散步 15.a nice day：晴朗的一天 16.play with：与一起玩 17.a busy weekend：一个繁忙的周末 18.look for：寻找 19.watch a movie：看电影 20.Its time to do sth.：是做某事的时候了二，重点句型和语法1一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与过去的时间状语连用:yesterday ,last week(month,year)（1）系动词be的过去时: am(is) was, are were陈述句：He was at home yesterday.否定句：He wasnt at home yesterday.疑问句：Was he at home yesterday?Yes ,he was./No ,he wasnt.（2）行为动词的一般过去时:陈述句：主语+动词过去式+其它I go to the movie. I went to the movie.否定句：主语+助动词didnt+动词原形+其它I dont go to school today. I didnt go to school.一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其它Do you have breakfast? Did you have breakfast?Yes,I do./No,I dont.Yes,I did./No,I didnt.（3）规则动词的过去式变化规则变化规则例词一般在词尾加ed.playplayed以不发音的e结尾的，只加-d.like likedlove loved以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变y为i ,再加ed.study studiedcarry carried以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-edstop stoppedplan planned动词不规则变化：do didhave hadgo wentsee sawread readget gotgive gavesleep slepteat atewrite wrotefind_-found2.whats the date today? Its 3.What was the date yesterday? It was4.Whats the weather like today?Its ?5.How was your weekend?6What did she do ? She did her homework7What did he do last weekend ? He played soccer8Its time to go home= Its time for homeUnit 10 Where did you go on vacation?一词组1.visit sb.拜访某人 2.summer camp：夏令营 3.visit museum：参观博物馆 4.on vacation：度假 5.great weather：好天气 6. all day/night/year：整天/夜/年 7.have great fun playing：玩得高兴 8.be crowded：拥挤 9.find sb. doing sth.：发现某人正在做某事 10.be lost：迷路 11.help sb.do sth.：帮助某人做某事 12.make sb. do sth.：使某人做某事 13.be tired：疲倦 14.decide to do sth.：决定做某事 15. The Great Wall:长城 二重点句子和注意事项1Where did you go on vacation?I went to summer camp.Where did they go on vacation?They went to New York City.Where did he go on vacation?He stayed at home.Where did she go on vacation?She visited her uncle.2Did you/he/she/they go to Central Park?Yes, I/he/she/they did.No, I/he/she/they didnt.3How werethe movies? They were fantastic4have fun doing something干某事有乐趣enjoy oneself doing somethingWe have fun learning and speaking English .We enjoy ourselves learning and speaking English .我们学英语有很多乐趣5find sb. doing sth. 发现某人在干某事find sb. do sth. 发现某人干过某事I find him reading the novel (小说）.I found him go into the room .6corner角落，角，拐角处in the corner 在角落里（指在建筑物里面）at the corner 在拐角处（指在建筑物外面或道路的拐角）My bike is at the corner .7be lost 迷路了get lost , lost (adj.)The girl was lost in the big city .8help sb. (to) do sth.help sb for sth帮助某人干某事He always helps us learn English9.make sb. do sth. 让使某人干某事let / have sb. do sth.do前不带toThe movie makes me relaxing.Let the boy do his homework alone.10.feel+ adj. 感到I feel hungry / tired /happy / excited11.decide to do sth. 决定干某事They decided to go to Hainan on vacation.Uint 11 What do you think of game shows?一词组1. game shows 比赛节目2. sports shows体育节目3. soap opera肥皂剧, 连续剧4. situation comedy情景喜剧 = sitcom5. dont mind不介意6. cant stand不能容忍,受不了7. in fact事实上，实际上8. English Today今日英语9. Sports News体育新闻10 Healthy Living 健康生活11. Culture China中国文化12. Chinese cooking中国烹饪13. Animal World动物世界14. Weekend Talk 周末访谈15. Tell it like it is! 实话实说16. agree with sb.同意某人（的意见）17.a thirteen-year-old boy一个13岁的男孩18. key ring钥匙链19. ask sb. about sth问某人关于某事的情况20. show sb sth 出示某物给某人 = show sth to sb21. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事22.school magazine校刊23.next month 下个月24 colorful clothes色彩艳丽的服装25 enjoy nice words about my looks喜欢（听）赞美自己外貌的话二重难点解析1. wear (v. 动词) 穿，戴，佩。根据不同宾语，翻译不同的汉语意思。wear earrings 戴耳环 wear a dress 穿连衣裙wear a watch 戴手表wear a beard 蓄胡子wear long hair 留长发2. think 想，考虑，思索（v. 动词）可以和许多介词搭配，组成新的意思。A：think of 考虑；有.的看法，有时等于think about.What does he think of Beijing Opera?他对京剧有什么看法？My mother always thinks of everything!我妈妈总是想到所有的东西。think highly of sb. /sth. 对某人或某物评价甚高Mr Black thinks highly of his son. 布莱克先生对他儿子评价甚高。B：think about 考虑（指计划，观念，看它是否相宜、可行）He is thinking about going to China.他正在考虑去中国。3. too与either的区别too也，表示肯定意义，与肯定的表达方法连用；而either也不，表示否定意义，与否定的表达方法连用。（1）My brother likes to play soccer.我哥哥喜欢踢足球。I do, too.我也是（喜欢）。（2）My brother doesnt like to play soccer.我哥哥不喜欢踢足球。I dont, either.我也不喜欢。also也可以表示也，但一般情况下，too和either放在句子之后，also放在动词之前。We also love talk shows.我们也喜欢访谈节目。4. a thirteen - year - old boy 一个十三岁的男孩此结构中，year用单数