深圳初三unit3知识点.doc

Unit 3Family life字号： 默认 大 中 小 主讲：黄冈优秀英语教师徐志一、知识概述1掌握本单元所出现的生单词、词组、句型。2通过学习本课学会描述自己的家庭生活。3掌握连系动词的用法。二、重难点知识讲解（一）重点单词与短语1meal n. 一顿饭e.g.This is the best meal I have ever eaten.这是我所吃过的最好的一餐。That restaurant provided us with a good meal.饭店给我们提供了美味的膳食。There are three meals a day.一日三餐。2share v. 把自己的想法（或经历、感情）告诉（某人）e.g.Its my great pleasure to share your joy and sorrow.我很乐意分享你的快乐和悲伤。Children should be taught to share their toys.应该教育孩子们分享玩具。I share a bedroom with my sister.我和我姐姐合住一间卧室。3business n. 商务；公事 on business 出差e.g.The business is under the control.业务得以控制。He handled his business well.他将他的工作处理得很好。I will go on business next week.我将在下星期出差。He often goes to Singapore on business.他经常去新加坡出差。4personal adj. 个人的；私人的 personal computer个人电脑e.g.She made a personal donation to the fund.她以个人名义向基金会捐款。This is my personal opinion.这是我的个人意见。We have something personal to discuss.我们有点私事要谈。5set v. 安排；确定；决定e.g.Our teacher set an English test for us yesterday.我们的老师昨天给我们安排了一次英语考试。My parents usually set rules for me.我父母通常为我设定规则。拓展：set up 建立set out 出发e.g.This theatre is set up for children.这个剧院是为孩子们建立的。It was raining outside when she set out.当她出发的时候外面正在下雨。6suppose v. （根据所知）认为e.g.I suppose well have lunch at Beijing Hotel.我想我们将在北京饭店吃饭。As shes not here, I suppose she must have gone home.因为她不在这儿，所以我猜想她一定已回家了。7relationship n. 关系；联系e.g.Is there any relationship between them?它们之间有联系吗?A good relationship is built on trust.一种好的关系是以信任为基础的。He has a good working relationship with his boss.他和老板工作关系很好。8invite v. 邀请e.g.We invited all our relatives to the wedding.我们邀请了所有的亲戚来参加婚礼。I want to invite you to my party on Friday. 我想请你参加周五的聚会。We invite her to have Thanksgiving dinner with us.我们邀请她和我们一起吃感恩节晚餐。9cost v. 需付费；价钱为e.g.How much do the vegetables cost?这些蔬菜值多少钱?My new car cost me a thousand pounds.我的新车花了我1000镑。10type n. 类型；种类e.g.This type of bicycle is in fashion.这种款式的自行车是最流行的。A new type of car is on the market now.现在一种新型小汽车正在上市。拓展：type v. 打字e.g.Could you type this letter for me? 你能为我打这封信吗？11out of date adj. 过时的e.g.Short skirts are out of date this year.今年短裙不流行了。This type of T-shirt is out of date.这种T恤不流行了。That colour has gone out of date.那种颜色已过时了。（二）重点句子1Im not expected to do the housework. 译文我不被期许做家务。此处使用的是被动语态，即be+v.过去分词，一般现在时的被动语态为：am/is/are+v.过去分词。e.g.Im not invited.我没有被邀请。be expected to do sth.被期许做某事e.g.John is expected to come to the party today.John被期许出席今天的宴会。He is expected to do well in the test.他被期许在考试中取得好成绩。2We go out for dinner together sometimes, but my dad is often abroad on business, and my mom works too. 译文我们有时候一起去外面吃饭，但是我爸爸经常在国外出差，我妈妈也要工作。abroad adj./adv. 在国外；到国外be abroad 在国外go abroad 去国外live abroad 住外国外from abroad 从国外来（的）e.g.She is travelling abroad.她要到国外旅行。He lived abroad for many years.他在国外居住了许多年。My friend decided to go abroad for further study.我朋友决定出国深造。3They dont usually set rules for me, and since Im a good daughter, they never punish me. 译文他们通常不给我设定规则，并且由于我是一个好女儿，他们从不惩罚我。since此处意为“既然；因为”，连接原因状语从句。e.g.Since it is raining, we shall not go to the park.既然下雨了，我们就不去公园。辨析：because, since, as, for以上四个词都意为“因为”，都可连接原因状语从句，但在用法上却各有区别：语气由强至弱依次为：because, since, as, for。because回答why的提问，表示直接的原因。since表示显然的或已为人知的理由。as意为“鉴于”，用于说明原因，主句说明结果。for表推断，所连接的句子不能位于句首，一般放在所要说明的句子后面。e.g.Why did you move to France? 你们为什么搬到法国？Because my father found work in Paris.因为我父亲在巴黎找到了工作。He failed the exam because he was too careless.他太粗心了，所以没有通过考试。Since everyone is here, lets start.既然大家都到齐了，我们就开始吧。I went to see him, for I had something to tell him.我去见他，因为我有事要告诉他。4Its much bigger than our last one. 译文它（新公寓）比我们之前的大得多。much可修饰比较级，类似的词还有a little, a lot, a bit, far, even等。e.g.That story is much more interesting than this one.那个故事比这个故事有趣得多。Its much colder today than it was yesterday.今天比昨天冷得多。I feel much better now.我现在感觉好多了。5I feel lonely when my parents are away from home. 译文当我父母离开家的时候我感到很孤独。辨析：lonely&alonelonely指主观上的“孤独，寂寞”，在句中可用作表语或定语。alone指客观上的“单独，独自”，在句中只作表语。e.g.He has been very lonely since his wife left him.自他妻子离开他后，他一直感到很寂寞。The story is about a lonely old man and his dog.这个故事讲的是一个寂寞的老人和他的狗。She is alone at home.她独自一人在家。I want to be alone with Mary.我想与玛丽单独在一起。He doesnt feel lonely when he is alone.他一个人时不感到寂寞。注意：lonely有时表示“荒凉的、偏僻的”，用来说明地方，此时多用作定语。e.g.He was taken to a lonely island.他被带到了一个荒岛上。be away fromleave离开e.g.I have been away from Paris for two weeks.我离开巴黎已经两星期了。I dont want to be away from home for too long.我不想离家时间太长。6I havent got many possessions. 译文我没有很多私人物品。have gothave 有havent gotdont have 没有e.g.She has got a house.She has a house. 她有一所房子。She hasnt got a house.She doesnt have a house.她没有房子。三、语法点拨：系动词的用法系动词也称连系动词（Link Verb），作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。系动词后不可接副词，接的是形容词。大致分为以下六种：1状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。主语不同，be的形式也不同，且有时态的变化。例如：He is a teacher.他是一名教师。（说明主语的身份。）I am fine.我很好。（说明主语的状况）2持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay等，例如：He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。I do exercise every day to stay healthy.我每天做锻炼来保持健康。3表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem, appear，例如：He looks tired.他看起来很累。He seems (to be) very sad.他看起来很伤心。4感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, look，例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布手感很软。This flower smells very sweet.这朵花闻起来很香。5变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变