最新英语四级考试技巧-听力部分ppt课件

.,英语四级技巧之听力,SemesterII,.,SemesterII,写作（4学时）听力理解（8学时）阅读理解（8学时）翻译（4学时）,.,.,听力理解部分测试学生获取口头信息的能力。录音材料用标准的英式或美式英语朗读，语速四级约每分钟130词。听力部分分值比例为35%（248.5），其中对话占15%，短文占20%。,对话部分包括短对话和长对话，采用多项选择题的形式进行考核。短对话有8段，每段提一个问题；长对话有2段，每段提3-4个问题；对话部分共15题。每段对话均朗读一遍，每个问题后留有13-15秒的答题时间。,2)听力理解,.,短文部分包括短文理解及单词和词组听写。短文理解有3篇，采用多项选择题的形式进行考核。四级每篇长度为220-250词，六级为240-270词。每篇短文朗读一遍，提3-4个问题，每个问题后留有13-15秒的答题时间，共10题。单词及词组听写采用1篇短文，四级的长度为220-250词，六级为240-270词。要求考生在听懂短文的基础上用所听到的原文填写空缺的单词或词组，共10题。短文播放三遍。,样题,.,第一，注意单词的正确拼写：单词和短语的拼写（如environment、government、embarrass）阅读录音原文，摘抄生词并加以记忆,英语四级考试听写部分的注意事项：,第二，注重语法知识的积累：词性及形式（如appropriateorappropriately(32)，27、29、33和34）动词性短语,第三，掌握单词的标准发音：纠正发音、培养语感,.,第二，注重语法知识的积累：考生在考试时因心情紧张或耳机接收效果不好等原因，很可能会听不到单词的尾音(如词尾的”-s”“-ed”“-ly”或”-ing”等)，结果在填写答案时少写一两个字母。为避免这样的失误，考生在听写结束后一定要将全文通读一遍，根据语法知识判断所填的单词或短语的词性及形式是否正确。如果空格处填入的是名词，考生要判断应填入名词的单数形式还是复数形式;如果空格处可填入形容词和副词，考生要根据语法知识判断最终哪个词性合适;如果填入的是动词，考生要根据时态、语态、人称、数以及前后搭配来确定动词的形式。以样题第32题为例，根据语法知识，考生可以确定此空格处应填入一个副词，用于修饰空格前面的动词use。由此，考生即使没有听清录音中说的是appropriate还是appropriately，也能根据语法知识判断出此处应填入appropriately。又如，样题中的第27、29、33和34题需填入的动词或动词性短语直接出现在介词后，或出现在介词后用“and”连接的两个动名词短语中，此时考生应判断出空格处填入的动词要使用“-ing”形式。短语部分考查动词性短语的概率比较高，因此考生需加强动词短语方面的学习和记忆。,.,第二，注重语法知识的积累。考生在考试时因心情紧张或耳机接收效果不好等原因，很可能会听不到单词的尾音(如词尾的“-s”“-ed”“-ly”或“-ing”等)，结果在填写答案时少写一两个字母。为避免这样的失误，考生在听写结束后一定要将全文通读一遍，根据语法知识判断所填的单词或短语的词性及形式是否正确。如果空格处填入的是名词，考生要判断应填入名词的单数形式还是复数形式;如果空格处可填入形容词和副词，考生要根据语法知识判断最终哪个词性合适;如果填入的是动词，考生要根据时态、语态、人称、数以及前后搭配来确定动词的形式。以样题第32题为例，根据语法知识，考生可以确定此空格处应填入一个副词，用于修饰空格前面的动词use。由此，考生即使没有听清录音中说的是appropriate还是appropriately，也能根据语法知识判断出此处应填入appropriately。又如，样题中的第27、29、33和34题需填入的动词或动词性短语直接出现在介词后，或出现在介词后用“and”连接的两个动名词短语中，此时考生应判断出空格处填入的动词要使用“-ing”形式。短语部分考查动词性短语的概率比较高，因此考生需加强动词短语方面的学习和记忆。第三，掌握单词的标准发音。考生在平时背单词时一定要注意学习单词的标准发音。有些考生英语基础还算不错，但每次听力部分的得分总是不高，原因就是他们的发音不标准。试想，如果考生的发音不标准，又怎么能听懂听力材料中播放的标准发音呢?所以，要想在听力部分得高分，考生必须要掌握单词的标准发音。考生平时在完成听力练习后，可对照着原文再多听几遍录音并进行跟读。这样不仅可以帮助考生纠正发音，还可以培养考生的语感。,.,听力理解部分存在的问题？,1.语音基础弱,2.语调语气不了解,3.高频词汇不熟悉,对一些连读、弱读、同化、失爆等语音现象不熟悉，听不出这些语音变化,不同语调，隐含的语气、态度也不同，有时甚至有些微妙（身份，角色）,一些听力场景、主题中常涉及的词汇不认识，或只是看到认识，但听不出来,4.常用语法不理解,一些对话中常含的语法现象不理解，挺不出一些特殊句式隐含的弦外之音,likecandyripepearsomemoneylaptopgreatdealTomandJerry,.,1.题目完全没听懂怎么办,2.边听边忘怎么办,3.听的时间长，走神怎么办,选项有时会自己“泄漏”答案。如果意义相反的选项，则答案必在其中；逻辑上或生活上最符合习惯的选项往往命中的可能性很大,只有边听边记，才不会边听边忘。平时训练时，养成边听边记的好习惯，提高速记能力，做到耳聪手快，耳手合一,走神是考场的大忌，一不留神答案就会从你耳边溜走。平时训练时，应尽量选择集中时间，进行强化训练，培养长时间的注意力和集中能力,4.有些单词或句子没听懂，怎么办？,.,如何应对听力理解部分？,1.预览,2.词汇,3.笔记,.,调整预览顺序:先看长对话和篇章，后看短对话，最后看听写,1.预览,划重点词,猜测大概内容,预览心诀:“竖看”+联想,.,例:真题A)Tonyshouldcontinuetakingthecourse.B)SheapprovesofTonysdecisionC)Tonycanchooseanothersciencecourse.D)ShecantmeetTonysoearlyinthemorning.,.,例:真题A)Tonyshouldcontinuetakingthecourse.B)SheapprovesofTonysdecisionC)Tonycanchooseanothersciencecourse.D)ShecantmeetTonysoearlyinthemorning.,M:ImgoingtodropmyInformationScienceclass.Itmeanstooearlyinthemorning.W:Isthatreallythegoodreasontodroptheclass,Tony?Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?,四个选项中共同(次数最多)信号有“Tony”(4次)，“course”“sciencecourse”(2次)，这说明会讨论Tony与功课的关系，而“continue”，“approve”，“choose”这些词进一步说明，可能会讨论Tony是否会继续选择某一功课。,.,例:真题A)SheistiredofthefoodinthecanteenB)SheusuallytakesasnackintheKFCC)SheofteneatsinaFrenchrestaurantD)Sheisveryfussyaboutwhatsheeats,.,例:真题A)SheistiredofthefoodinthecanteenB)SheusuallytakesasnackintheKFCC)SheofteneatsinaFrenchrestaurantD)Sheisveryfussyaboutwhatsheeats,M:Imthinkingaboutwheretogoforabitetonight.Anysuggestions,Barbara?W:Well,howabouttheFrenchrestaurantneartheKFC?Frankly,Ivehadenoughofourcanteenfood.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?,.,星期一星期日一月十二月大一大四春天、夏天、秋天、冬天学士、硕士、博士、教授,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday,SundayJanuary,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,DecemberFreshman,Sophomore,Junior,SeniorSpring,Summer,Autumn/Fall,WinterBachelor,Master,Doctor,Professor,.,三、最高级词汇:形容词和副词的最高级永远是最需要关注的，mostimportantly,themostpopular.thebiggestof.,2.词汇,重点听那些内容,一、转折性词汇:but(95%),还有yet,however,though,whereas,unfortunately,unexpectedly,instead,ratherthan,otherthan,tobefrank,franklyspeaking,totellyouthetruth,usedto,etc.,二、逻辑类词汇:因为所以，不但而且这一类的词，表原因的because,becauseof,for,as,dueto,owingto,inthat,nowthat,accordingto,表结果的therefore,so,asaresult,consequently,eventually,表递进的apartfrom,inaddition,furthermore,whatsmore,moreover,etc.,.,四、事实罗列词汇:actually,infact,asamatteroffact,precisely,especially,important,rememberImean,onethinginparticular,whatmakesitdifferent,etc.,五、序数词:thefirst,firstlyandfinally.,六、情态动词:sb.hasgotto,can,could,may,might,need,should,oughtto,etc.,七、重要形容词:表示重要的词important,crucial,chief,major,significant,theonly,unique,essential,necessary,vital,etc.,.,W:Ihonestlydontwanttocontinuethegardeningtomorrow,Tony?M:NeitherdoI.ButIthinkweshouldgetitoverwiththisweekend.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?,例:真题A)Theyshouldfinishtheworkassoonaspossible.B)Hewillcontinuetoworkinthegardenhimself.C)Heistiredofdoinggardeningonweekends.D)Theycanhireagardenertodothework.,.,3.笔记,利用缩写、符号或数字等方法记录下听力材料中的关键词和概念,people=pl.street=st.road=rd.first=1stnumber=No.,时间，数量推算之类的题目,advertisement=ad.department=dept.technology=tech.sixthirty=6:30nineteenninety=1990,W:Ionlyhavetendollars,isitenoughforthreetickets?M:Well,youcanbuythree$2ticketsandthree$3tickets,whicheveryoulike.W:Illlikethecheaperseats,please.Q:Howmuchmoneywillthewomanhaveaftershebuysthetickets?,.,200020082014,时间,eighteensixty-fivenineteenninety-eight,19981865,1、年份,nineteenhundredeighteenhundredeighteenOnine,190018001809,531BC,twothousandtwothousandandeight或Oeighttwothousandandfourteen或twentyfourteen,fivehundred(and)thirty-oneBC,.,2、月日,3月1号,March1/March1st,10月31号,October31/October31st,读作October(the)thirty-first,January12th,1993读成January(the)twelfth,nineteenninety-three,2/7/97,美国英语中表示“1997年2月7日”,英国英语中则表示“1997年7月2日”,时间,.,3、时间点,4:45,fourforty-five,fifteentofive,am/pm,时间,threequarterspastfour,aquarterstofive,5:30,11:15,fivethirty,elevenfifteen,.,单位,dollar($),pound(),papermoney/coin1美元=100美分硬币有25美分（quarter）、10美分（dime,一角）、5美分（nickel）、1美分（cent）,货币（currency）,1英镑=100便士penny(pence)1便士，2便士，5便士，10便士，20便士，50便士,eur(),1p/2p/1/5/25.50,1c/50c/$1/$5/$25.50,twenty-fivepoundsfifty,twenty-fivedollarsfifty,.,四级听力备考策略,熟悉相关的场景词汇,熟悉一些常用句型,反复练习真题,.,一、重点场景和词汇,校园工作机场（飞机上）酒店饭店交通运动（减肥/运动伤害）租房,.,校园生活,teaching/researchingassistant,lecturer,professor,dean系主任，院长,president,e.g.Thelecturersareboring.,literature,profession/professional,.,校园生活,freshman,sophomore,junior,senior,suffermore,citizen/elderlypeople,e.g.Thetwospeakerareseniorsatcollege.,manager,.,校园生活,graduate,postgraduate,undergraduate,graduateschool,bachelor/master/doctordegree,.,校园生活,term/semester,academicyear,academy,privateschool,religiousschool,.,校园生活,required/compulsorycourse,optionalcourse,daycourse,eveningcourse,presentation,e.g.Hesignedupadaycourse.,presentprizentpreznt,e.g.Youtookanoptionalcoursethissemester,didntyou?,.,校园生活,history,chemistry,literature,architecture,finance,financial,economics,philosophy,geography,psychology,physics,politics,political,.,校园生活,ASSIGNMENT:,paper,essay,bookreport,feedback,mark,grade,score,.,工作,applyforajob,resume,letterofapplication,interview,offer,workovertime,complain,askforaraise,interviewer/interviewee,applyforajob,fire,resignfromaposition,promotion,laidoff,retirement,.,工作,wage,salary,allowance,bonus,annualleave,sickleave,paidvacation,break,annualincome,.,工作,HR:humanresources,interviewer,employer,recruitv.,interviewee,candidate,jobapplicant,recruitmentn.,.,工作,applicant,applyfor,application,e.g.Ihavetodiscussyourapplicationwithmycolleaguesandwellgetbacktoyouearlynextweek.,form,e.g.Shefilledinanapplicationform.,.,工作,handin/summitaresume,jobinterview,paidvacation,medical/dentalinsurance,turndownanoffer,dentist,feedback,.,工作,jobprospect,responsibility,e.g.Mr.Saunderswillshareonethirdofthewomansresponsibilities.,.,工作,pressure/stress,stressful,e.g.Whyexactlydoesyourjobhavereputationforbeingstressful.,befedupwith/beboredwith,betiredof/besickof,.,工作,supportoneself,makea/onesliving,earna/onesliving,.,机场,book=reserve=makeareservation,bookingoffice,delay,e.g.Imsorrytheflightisdelayedbecauseofaminormechanicalproblem.,change=switch,e.g.switchtoadifferentflight,.,机场,timetable,terminal,destination,e.g.Themanhaschangedhisdestination.,onewayticket,roundtripticket,non-stop/directflighttransfer,e.g.GettingtransferredtotheEnglishdepartment.,.,机场,firstclass,businessclass,economyclass,confirmtheflight,boardingcard,securitycheck,see(sb.)off,luggage/baggage,board,checkin,.,机场,takeoff,departure,land,flightattendant,airhostess,stewardess,hotel,.,房屋,liveoncampus:dorm,liveoffcampus:apartmentcomplex,e.g.TheonlyvacantoneIhaveis600dollars,haveyouinquiredattheapartmentcomplexdownthestreet?,inquire/enquirev.询问，打听inquiry/enquiryn.询问，打听inquiring/enquiringadj.(人的神色)好奇的，探寻的,.,房屋,tenant:rentanapartment,landlord/landlady:forrent=tolet(出租),e.g.Ibelieveyouhavearoomtolet.,.,房屋,suburb（城郊）,downtown（市中心）,e.g.Heownsapieceoflandinthedowntownarea.,.,房屋,furnished（配备家具的）/unfurnished,basement,e.g.Youvegotyourapartmentfurnished,haventyou?,e.g.Sheplanstoputallheroldfurnitureinthebasement.,.,房屋,block,district,e.g.ThemanlivestwoblocksawayfromtheSmiths.,e.g.ThemanthinksitwasquitesafelivingintheBronxdistrict.,.,clinic（诊所）/emergencyroom（急诊室）,医院,e.g.Eachyearabout200,000childrenendupinhospitalemergencyroomswithplaygroundinjuries.,e.g.Tothedentists.,patient,physician（内科医生）/surgeon（外科医生）,dentist（牙医）,.,e.g.Shedbetterhaveitexaminedbyadoctoranyway.,医院,appointment,e.g.Thewomanshouldconfirmherappointmentwiththedoctor.,check(up)/examine,.,e.g.Ifelloffastepandtwistedmyankle.,医院,cold,headache,fever/haveatemperature,stomachache,sorethroat,twistedankle,.,e.g.Itwasmainlymeantforcancerpatients.,医院,heartcondition/attack/disease,e.g.Ifshehasaheartcondition,Idrecommendagainstit.,blackandblue,e.g.Imnodoctor,butitsnotblackandblueoranything.,emotionalproblems,cancer,.,die/passaway,医院,recover,e.g.Theybelievepeoplecanrecoverwithouttreatment.,beyondcure,e.g.Hisillnessisbeyondcure.,anarrowescape(死里逃生),e.g.Hehadanarrowescapeinacaraccident.,.,rushhours,交通,trafficjam,e.g.Imstuckinatrafficjam.,fare（车票价）,e.g.Shevisitsherparentsatweekendswhenthefaresaredown.,license（驾照）,.,e.g.Anyway,doIhavetopayafine?,交通,overtake（超车）,e.g.Hewastryingtoovertakethetruckaheadofhim.,speed,e.g.Thetaxidrivermusthavebeenspeeding.,trafficregulation,e.g.Thewomanhadviolatedtrafficregulations.,fine（罚款）,.,e.g.Hercarcanstandanycrash.,交通,parkinglot/space,e.g.Themanhadahardtimefindingaparkingspace.,parkingmeter（停车计时收费器）,crash/runinto（撞）,.,chopsticks,餐馆酒店,book=reserve=makeareservation,appetizer,maincourse,dessert,knifeandfork,spoon,.,3,Illbebackwithyourorderinaminute.,餐馆酒店,1,CanItakeyourorder,please?,2,Idliketoorder,.,Letssplitthebill.,餐馆酒店,1,Itsmytreattoday.,2,Illtreatyoutoday.,.,childrenabuse,餐馆酒店,winelist,whitewine,alcoholabuse,powerabuse,drugabuse,.,compensation,餐馆酒店,checkin/out,hotelclerk/receptionist/hotelattendant,discount,.,二、常用句型,形肯定意否定,形否定意肯定,表建议,.,1)IdliketoIdloveto,but,ThestudentsEnglishclubishavingapartyonSaturdaynightCanyoucome?Iwouldliketo,butIworkatarestaurantonweekends,1、形肯定意否定,.,2)虚拟语气,1、形肯定意否定,Ifthetrafficwasntsobad,Icouldhavebeenhomeby6:00.Whatapity!Johnwasheretoseeyou,Doyoulikephysics?Well,Iwishitwereinteresting.,.,2)虚拟语气,Willyougotothepartytonight?IwillifIhavetime.IwouldifIhadtime.,1、形肯定意否定,IwouldnthavetroubledhimsomuchifIhadknownhewassobusy.,.,2)虚拟语气,有时假设的条件不是由if条件句引出，而是通过wish,ifonly,otherwise,or,without,butfor,butthat等词或短语引出,1、形肯定意否定,.,3)Imsorry,1、形肯定意否定,Hello,mayIspeaktoJohnSmith,please?Imsorry,nobodybythatnameworkshere,.,4)“last”特殊句型，“是最不可能的”,1、形肯定意否定,Wouldyouliketogomountainclimbingwithus?ThatsthelastthingintheworldIwanttodo,IheardTomwasthemanwhorobbedMr.SmithshouseButIthinkheisthelastonetodosuchathing,.,5)anythingbut“除之外的任何事物”,1、形肯定意否定,Everyoneishelpingoutwithdinner.Couldyoumakethesoup?Anythingbutthat,.,6)hardly,seldom,scarcely,rarely,1、形肯定意否定,Whatasurprise!TimhasimprovedhisEnglishsomuchafteraholidayabroadIcanhardlyhearanaccent,.,1)Whydontyou/Whynot?,2、形否定意肯定,John,Idontknowwhattogetforyourfather.Hehasjustabouteverything,doesnthe?Whydontyougethimapocketcalculator?,.,2)notuntil,2、形否定意肯定,Whencanthedoctorseeme?Hewontbefreeuntiltomorrow,.,3)notmore/better,2、形否定意肯定,IthinkitshightimeweturnedourattentiontothedangerofdrunkdrivingnowIcantagreewithyoumoreYouseecountlessinnocentpeoplearekilledbydrunkdriverseachyear,Howisyourbusiness,Bob?Saleshaveneverbeenbetter.,.,Shallwe?Whynot?Whydontyou/we/they?Youdbetter?Youshould.What/Howabout?IfIwereyou,Iwould.,3、表示建议,.,二、反复练习真题,.,听写部分考试特点,1）词汇类型历年来听写词汇基本为实词,2）名词单复数effortmakeeveryeffortmakeeffortstodo,3）同音、近音辨析officialsofficials/officialsstraight/street,4）难词考察不太熟悉的词,5）容易出现拼写错误的词不符合拼写规则,.,历年听写词汇,usage,06-12,exception,reference,except,exceptional,outstanding,distinguished,phenomenal,essays,colleagues,natural,particular,especially,personal,.,听写部分方法和步骤,1）快速浏览听写部分的书面材料，了解大致内容，有助于考生在听的时候更快的听懂缺省的信息。,2）听写部分共读三遍，三遍中间都没有停顿。第一遍以听为主，着重理解全文大意，借助文字材料理解和把握全篇的内容和脉络，顺便填写有把握的单词；第二遍，尽量填写所有单词（利用缩写），不能确定的单词课记下读音；第三遍，着重弥补未听清的单词或词组，对已经确定的单词注意听尾音（-ly,-ing）。完成后根据语法、上下文快速检查有无错误（单复数、词性、时态）。,.,ComplexDictation,Dictation,复合式听写：7+3,听力改革部分,单词和词组听写：10,.,大纲样题,Almosteverychild,onthefirstdayhesetsfootinaschoolbuilding,issmarter,more26,lessafraidofwhathedoesntknow,betteratfindingand27,moreconfident,resourceful(机敏的),persistentand28thanhewilleverbeagaininhisschooling-or,unlessheisveryunusualandverylucky,fort