2012年职称英语考试卫生类A级模拟题(四)

第四部分：阅读理解 (第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇 Famous American FoodsWhat, besides children, connects mothers around the world and across the seas of time? Its chicken soup, one prominent American food expert says. From Russian villages to Africa and Asia, chicken soup has been the remedy for those weak in body and spirit. Mothers passed their knowledge on to ancient writers of Greece, China and Rome, and even 12th century philosopher and physician Moses Maimonides extolled （赞美）its virtues. Among the ancients, Aristotle thought poultry should stand in higher estimation than four-legged animals because the air is less dense than the earth. Chickens got another boost （吹捧）in the Book of Genesis, where it is written that birds and fish were created on the fifth day, a day before four-legged animals. But according to Mimi Sheraton, who has spent much of the past three years exploring the world of chicken soup, much of the reason for chickens real or imagined curative （治愈的）powers comes from its color. Her new book, “The Whole World Loves Chicken Soup”, looks at the beloved and mysterious brew, with dozens of recipes from around the world. Throughout the ages, she said, “There has been a lot of feeling that white-colored foods are easier to eat for the weak-woman and the ill”. In addition, “soups, or anything for that matter eaten with a spoon ” are considered “comfort foods” Sheraton said. “I love soup and love making soup and as I was collecting recipes I began to see this as an international dish. It has a universal mystique as something curative, a strength builder, ” Sheraton said from her New York home. Her book treats the oldest remedy as if it was brand new. The National Broiler Council, the trade group representing the chicken industry, reported that 51 percent of the people it surveyed said they bought chicken because it was healthier, 50 percent said it was versatile, 41 percent said it was economical and 46 percent said it was low in fat. 31 Which of the following can be the best title of the passage？A Prominent American FoodsB History of the Chicken SoupC Chicken Soup RecipesD Chicken Soup, a Universal Cure All32 Since ancient times, the value of chicken soup . A has been over-estimatedB has been widely acknowledgedC has been appreciated only by philosophersD has been known only to mothers33 Which of the following statements is NOT true? A Chicken soup has a very long history. B Since ancient times, chicken soup has been a home remedy. C Poultry usually stands higher than four-legged animals. D Four-legged animals were said to be created on the sixth day. 34 Chicken soup has curative powers mainly for according to Sheraton. A its colorB its tasteC its flavorD its recipe35 It can be said from the survey that chicken is . A a main dishB a popular foodC cheaper than any other foodD all of the above第二篇 15 Million Americans Suffer from Social Anxiety Disorder Social anxiety disorder prevents some 15 million Americans from leading normal social and romantic lives, a new survey finds. The disorder leaves many isolated, ashamed and often misdiagnosed. Thirty-six percent of those with social anxiety disorder have symptoms for 10 years or more before seeking help, the Anxiety Disorders Association of America reports. Social anxiety disorder is when somebody has an intense, persistent and irrational fear of social or performance situations, Jerilyn Ross, the associations president and CEO, said during a teleconference Wednesday. The condition causes people to avoid common, everyday situations and even other people for fear of being judged or criticized or humiliated or embarrassing themselves, Ross said. Social anxiety disorder can interfere with daily routines and job performance, Ross noted. It also makes it very difficult for people to develop friends and romantic partnerships, she said. People with this disorder recognize their fear is excessive and irrational, Ross noted. But they feel powerless to do anything about it, she said. Social anxiety disorder can start in the early teens, Dr. Mark H. Pollack, director of the Center for Anxiety and Traumatic Stress Disorders and a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, said during the teleconference. This is a disorder that starts affecting people early on, Pollack said. The typical age of onset is early adolescence, age 12 or 13, and many individuals report a history of anxiety dating back to earlier childhood. The disorder also has physical symptoms, including heart palpitations, feelings that their throat will close up, sweating, blushing, faintness, trembling and stammering, Ross said. Among people with the disorder, 75 percent said the condition affected their ability to do normal activities. In addition, 69 percent said they didnt want people to think they were crazy, and 58 percent said they were embarrassed by their condition, Ross said. However, when the condition is diagnosed and treated, many reported improvement in their lives. In fact, 59 percent who were receiving treatment said treatment had a positive effect on their ability to have a romantic relationship. In addition, 39 percent who had received treatment said knowing that treatment can be successful aided their decision to get help, Ross noted.36. People with social anxiety disorder are known for their fear of A being left alone. B leading normal lives. C embarrassing other people. D facing social or performance situations.37. What do people with social anxiety disorder think of their fear? A They think its beyond their control. B They think its beneficial. C They think its controllable. D They think its justified.38. Which is NOT true of people with social anxiety disorder? A Theyre often isolated and ashamed. B They find it difficult to make friends. C They often fail to get timely treatment. D They tend to judge or criticize other people:39. The symptoms of social anxiety disorder include all the following EXCEPT A heart palpitations. B sore throat. C sweating. D blushing.40. It can be seen from the last paragraph that treatment of the disorder A has no positive effect at all. B is unavailable to most sufferers. C tends to be refused by the sufferers. D can lead to improvement in the sufferers lives.第三篇 Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of StrokeAustralian doctors declared Monday that a cocktail of simple antihypertensive drugs can lower the risk of patients suffering a repeat stroke by more than a third. This is the result of their research. The research, presented at a medical conference in Italy over the weekend, has been valued highly as a major breakthrough in stroke prevention.Strokes kill 5 million people a year, and more than 15 million suffer non-fatal strokes that often leave them with useless limbs, slurred speech and other serous disabilities. One in five stroke survivors goes on to have a second, often fatal, stroke within five years of the first.An international six-year study of 6,100 patients directed from Sydney University found that by taking two blood pressure-lowering drugs, the risk of secondary strokes can be reduced by up to 40 per cent. Even taking one of the commonly available drugs can cut the risk by a third, the study said. The drugs are the diuretic indapamide and the ACE inhibitor perindopril, better known by its brand name Coversy. The combination was effective even in patients who did not have high blood pressure, the researchers said. They even found that the risk of another stroke could be cut by three quarters among the one-in-10 patients who had suffered a cerebral hemorrhage, the worst type of stoke, where there is direct bleeding into the brain.Stephen McMahon, who presented the research at the Milan congress of the European Society of hypertension, said about 50 million people were alive who had suffered at least one stroke. “If most of those patients were able to get access to this treatment, it would result in maybe the avoidance of half a million strokes a year,” the professor told Australias ABC Radio.McMahon said doctors had long known that lowering the blood pressure of those with hypertension could help prevent strokes. “What we have shown for the first time is that it does not really matter what your blood pressure is; if you have had a stroke, the lowering blood pressure will produce large benefits, to begin witheven for people whose blood pressure is average or below average,” he said.McMahon said the Milan gathering had heralded the research as a “major breakthrough in the care of patients with strokesperhaps the biggest step forward that we have made in the last couple of decades. ”41. How many people surviving the first stroke may suffer another attack during the following five years? A. More than 33% of them. B. Up to 40% of them C. 20% of them. D. 10% of them.42. Taking two blood pressure-lowering drugs may produce _less risk of secondary strokes than taking only one such drug. A. three quarters B. nearly four tenths C. one fifth D. about one fourteenth43. Which of the following is NOT a symptom left by strokes? A. Habitual sleeplessness. B. Losing the function of one more extremities. C. Speaking unclearly. D. Serious disabilities such as facial paralysis.44. How many strokes may be reduced in a year if most of stroke patients can be treated in the way as the article recommends? A. 5,000,000 B. 500,000 C. 50,000,000 D. 15,000,00045. What patients among those who have had a stroke will benefit greatly from taking blood pressure-lowering drugs? A. Those whose blood pressure is high. B. Those whose blood pressure is average. C. Those whose blood pressure is below average. D. All of the above.第五部分：补全短文 (第4650题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Living Alone Is JoyfulMore and more Americans are living alone. Some live alone because of divorce or the death of a partner. 46 According to a recent U. S. census (人口普查)，25 percent of all households in the U. S. are made up of just one person. This is a dramatic change from the extended families of just a couple of generations ago. The typical person living alone is neither old nor lonely. 47 The majority of these people have chosen to live alone. They are responding to decreasing social pressure to get married and have a family. Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. 48 However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often. The number one reason given by most people for living alone is that they simply enjoy doing what they want when they want to do it. “Living alone is a luxury, ”says Nina Hagiwara, 338. “Once you do it, you cant ever go back to living with others. ”David C-Debaca, 46, agrees. 49 Children think that being grown up means being able to do exactly as they please. 50 The chance to discover whether that freedom is as wonderful as it sounds is a chance more and more Americans are taking. A Theres more pressure to get married nowadays. B The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.C However, even more people are living alone because they have chosen to. D It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream. E In fact, a quarter of the 23 million single people in the U. S. are under the age of 35. F He says, “I like being by myself. ”第六部分：完形填空 (第5165题，每题1分，共15分)阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Is Your Childs Stomach Pain All in His Head? We all know there are times that kids seem to complain _51 _ a stomach ache to get out of chores or going to school. Dont be so sure that the pain they 52 is all in their minds. Were learning more now about a condition 53 functional abdominal pain that is experienced by millions of kids every day. Like many teenagers, Kyle Brust makes it a point to do his homework as 54 as he gets home. Unlike most, Kyle often did his with a terrible stomach ache. In fact, the 55 often started while he was at school, but getting help there was getting harder. Some of my teachers wouldnt let me go, because Id asked so many times before and they thought I was trying to get out of _56 _ , says Kyle. Kyles mom Marilyn says she couldnt blame the _57 _ After all, shed taken him to thedoctor several times herself, and even they couldnt find anything _58 _ You know, youre running the tests and nothings coming up. So, is it in his head, is he just an extremely stressful child? Its just frustrating 59 were not finding any answers, says Marilyn. It turns out Kyle was suffering from a condition known _ 60 _ functional abdominal pain, that affects as many as one out of every ten kids in this country. Even _ 61 _ the cause of the pain may not be obvious, there are real consequences. It really does hurt, and these kids really do suffer, says Dr. Campo, MD at Nationwide Childrens Hospital. To help _ 62 _, Campo is looking into a new approach. Hes conducting clinical trials of an antidepressant that changes the way the body ha