第三讲句子成分+基本句型

.,第四讲,语法知识,.,第二部分：语法知识第一章：句子成分(P99),主语、谓语、宾语、表语定语、状语、补语、同位语,.,练习：请找出下列句子的主语。1.TheboycomesfromAmerica.2.Heusuallywenttoschoolalone.3.StudyingEnglishisveryimportant.4.Toteachhimalessonseemsquitenecessary.5.Thathewontheprizeexcitedeveryone.,什么人或什么事,一般位于句首,主语,名词,主格代词(I、she等),不定式,动名词,主语从句,.,6.Itisimportantforustohaveourdreams.7.Itisobviousthathewaswrong.8.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.,it作形式主语,真正主语在后面,动名词短语,不定式,主语从句,.,主语一般是名词、还有。另外，当句子的主语为_、_或_时,主语部分太长,为使句子平衡,避免头重脚轻,常用it作形式主语。,主格代词(I、she等),不定式,动名词,主语从句,动名词短语,不定式短语,主语从句,归纳,.,动词或动词短语作谓语,说明主语的动作(即主语做了什么事)、状态或特征,位于主语的后面,即“主语+谓语”。动词:动词、动词、动词和动词。形式:原形do/does、过去式did、现在分词doing、过去分词done,谓语,实义,连系,情态,助,【注意】谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。,.,1.Hisparentsareteachers.2.Thesunrisesintheeast.3.Wehavefinishedreadingthebook.4.Yououghttoworkharder.5.Ifeltcold.6.Hedoesntlikemusic.,找谓语,.,位于动词后。即“主语+谓语+宾语”名词、宾格代词(me)、名词短语或从句。,宾语,.,Hehasnevermetherinperson.Shehandedhimabook.Helikestoplaybasketball.Weenjoylisteningtomusic.Shesaidthatshefeltsick.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.,找宾语,.,7.Ifinditimpossibletobelieveheranylonger.8.Weconsideritnogoodgettinguplate.9.Theybelieveditstrangethatheshouldhavedonethat.,it作形式宾语,真正宾语在后面,.,V+todosth.V+doingsth.,.,V+todosth.want,hope,wish,agree,promise,refuse,help,determine,fail,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,ask,choose,expectIhopetohelpyou(to)choosetoaskmetobetterprepareyourselvesforthefutureifyouwanttopretendtorefuseorfailtomanagetodetermine.Iwish,Iexpect,youpromisetomakeit.,.,V+doingsth.admit,avoid,consider,delay,enjoy,excuse,finish,deny,allow,escape,forgive,imagine,mind,keep,miss,practice,prevent,risk,suggest,appreciate,canthelp,putoff,giveup(1)Shedeniedmakingamistake.(2)Youdbetterputoffhavingthemeeting.,(Cagemakephraseafraid),.,Homework,预习P3【写作导与练】P6【写作导与练】,.,ThankYou!,.,1我们爱科学。2我们过着幸福的生活。3他想看那部电影。4他知道下一步做什么。5我的手表需要修理了,基本句型一:主+谓+宾,Welovescience.Weliveahappylife.Hewantstowatchthefilm.Heknowswhattodonext.Mywatchneedstoberepaired.,.,作表语:名词、形容词、介词短语、从句,基本句型二:主+系+表,.,系动词1.系动词be(am/is/are，was/were)2.感官动词look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear3.变化动词become,get,turn,grow,come,go,fall,run4.持续动词remain,keep,stay,stand,rest,lie,hold,.,1.Heisaboy.2.Thebookishers.3.Heistall.4.Johnisingoodhealth.5.Wewereexcitedatthegoodnews.6.Thebookisboring.7.Herdreamistobecomeateacher.8.Myhobbyiscollectingcoins.,找表语,.,翻译(“主语+系动词+表语”)1.烟越变越浓。-grow2.斯密斯先生的脸红了。-turn3.他们在教室里。-be4.苹果吃起来味道不错。-taste5.那小孩很快睡着了。-fall6.肉已经变味了。-go7.我们的愿望是学好英语。-be8.他的话听起来有道理。-sound9.树叶在秋天变黄。-turn10.这个计划从表面上看不错。-look,Thesmokeisgrowingthick.Mr.Smithsfaceturnedred.Theyareintheclassroom.Theappletastesgood.Thechildsleptsoon.Themeatgoesbad.OurwishistolearnEnglishwell.Hiswordssoundreasonable.Theleavesturnyellowinfall.Theplanlooksgoodseemingly.,.,改错,1.Theynotintheclassroomnow.2.WearestudyEnglisheveryday.3.Themixturetastesterribly.4.Jackoftengetuplate.5.Sheisliketolistentosomemusicatnight.,are,terrible,gets,likes,.,1.TomleftMaryamessage.2.Heofferedajobtoher.3.Iowemysuccesstoyou.4.Heorderedsomefoodforthetwoofthem.5.Mothermadeanicedressforthelittlegirl.,基本句型三:主+谓+间宾(人)+直宾(物),.,1.我想为父亲挑选一份合适的礼物。Iwanttochooseasuitablepresentformyfather.2.母爱给我们鼓励和力量。Motherslovegivesusencouragementandpower.3.我决定自学英语。IdecidedtoteachmyselfEnglish.4.那个老人给我们指路。Theoldmanshowedustheway.5.请在本周末把所借的书都还给图书馆。Pleasereturnallthebookstothelibrarybythisweekend.6.为了孩子,母亲愿意做一切事情。Amotherwilldoeverythingforherchildren.,.,基本句型:主+谓+宾+宾补,1.WeelectedLiYangourmonitor.2.Thenewsmadeussad.3.PresidentappointedJohnmanagerofMarketing.4.Ifoundmyselfindark.5.Heencouragedhertoworkharder.,.,1.那噪音快要使我发疯了。Thenoiseisdrivingmecrazy.2.要使学校变得更美丽,我们应从身边小事做起。Tomakeourschoolmorebeautiful,weshouldstartfromthesmallthingsaroundus.3.他请我们参加做游戏。Heaskedustojoininthegame.4.妈妈要我放弃一些课外活动。Motherwantsmetogiveupsomeafter-classactivities.5.明天我要找人来修理机器。Iwillhavethemachinerepairedtomorrow.6.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。WehearhimreadingEnglishaloudeverymorning.,翻译,.,1.Ifounditverypleasanttobewithyourfamily.2.Shethinksitnopointpracticingsomuch.3.Hebelieveditunlikelythatshewouldagree.,高级句型：主+谓+it+宾补+真正宾语,.,9.我感到很难找到时间与父母交谈。Ifeelithardtofindtimetotalkwithmyparents.10.我们要把保护环境看做是我们的职责。Weshouldconsideritourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.11.学校定了一条规则学生要穿校服。(make)Theschoolsmadeitarulethatstudentsshouldwearuniformeveryschoolday.12.我认为与只想不做是无益的。Ibelieveitnousethinkingwithoutacting.,翻译（用高级句型）,.,【写作导与练】1、主+谓2、主+系+表3、主+谓+宾4、主+谓+双宾5、主+谓+宾+宾补【即时训练】1、主+谓+宾2、主+谓+双宾3、主+谓+宾+宾补4、主+谓5、主+系+表,.,【翻译句子】1.Weweresittingatthecomputeratthattime.2.Keepingondoinggooddeedswillbringuspeaceofmind.3.Thepercentageoftheboyschoosing“greatfigures”isthesameasthatofthegirls.4.Lastweek,wedidasurveyamong2600studentson“whoisyouridol”.5.Afterconductingalittlesurvey,Ifoundthistypeoftechnologyalreadyavailable.6.Inthepastdecade,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.7.Thisreportsoundsveryinteresting.,.,作用：修饰名词形式：adj和adj性物主代词、数词、名词、介词短语、分词、定语从句等。,定语,句子成分II：定语/状语/补语,.,1.Thebeautifulsightattractsmanytouristseveryyear.2.Thewalletonthedeskismine.3.Thedemandingbosssatisfiedwithmywork.4.Thatbuildingbeingrepairedisourlibrary.5.Heisoneofthestudentsthathavebeenlate.6.Theexcitedboysburstintocheers.7.Awomanpoliceofficerwaspraisedforhergoodwork.,找定语,.,作用：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。形式：副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、状语从句。,状语,.,1.Hedidhishomeworkcarefullyathome.2.HermothergoesouttodosomeshoppingonSunday.3.WhenIgrowup,Iamgoingtobeateacher.4.Feelingtired,hewenttobedwithoutsupper.5.Helosthisjobduetohislackofpatience.6.Broughtupinthecountry,hefindsithardtoadjusthimselftocitylife.,找状语,.,主语补足语和宾语补足语形式：形容词、名词、介词