初中英语语法课件：定语从句.ppt

初三英语定语从句复习专题复习,水车中学时骁轩,TheAttributiveClause,LiMingisaboy.,LiMingisagoodboy.,LiMingisagoodboy.,形容词作定语,介词短语作定语,在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句作定语叫做定语从句。zxxkw,good,withglasses,whoiswearingglasses,句子作定语,何谓定语从句？顾名思义，作定语的句子就叫作定语从句。,定语从句所修饰、限定的词叫先行词。,什么是定语从句？,ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.,定语从句通常跟在和它发生关系的先行词之后，它与先行词有着不可分割的联系。它通常是由关系代词（who，whom，whose，that，which，as）和关系副词（where，when，why，how）来引导。,关系代词、关系副词在从句中需担当成分，但无实际意义。初中阶段我们只要理解who，that，which这几个关系代词所引导的定语从句即可。组卷网,（2）HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman不到长城非好汉。（先行词是He）,1关系代词who。关系代词who在从句中作主语，它的先行词是指人的名词或代词。例如：,(1）Findtheboywhoiswearingaredshirt找出穿红衬衫的那个男孩。（先行词是theboy）,2关系代词that。关系代词that在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语。作宾语时，that可省略。它的先行词可以是指物的名词或代词，也可以是指人的名词或代词。,例如：1）Shetoldhermotherallthathadhappened她把所发生的事情都告诉了她的母亲。（先行词是all，that在从句中作主语）（2）Illbuyyouthebike（that）yousawintheshopyesterday我要给你买昨天你在商店里看到的那辆自行车。（先行词是thebike，that在从句中作宾语）,（2）Haveyougotanythingwhichyoudliketobuy？你有想要买的东西吗？（先行词是指物的代词anything，which在从句中作宾语）,3关系代词which。关系代词which在从句中作主语或宾语，其先行词是指物的名词或代词。例如：,（1）Theyfirstwenttoalargeroomwhichlookedlikeashop他们首先到一个很大的看起来像个商店的房间去了。（先行词是指物的名词alargeroom，which在句中作主语）,4、who，whom，whosewho在定语从句中作主语，whom是who的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，而whose则是形容词性物主代词，在从句中作定语。,如：Whosthatwoman(whom)youjusttalkedto?你刚才与之谈话的那个女人是谁?而whom作定语从句中介词to的宾语，可以省略，而在现代英语中，句首的whom也常常可用who代替。,Thisisourclassmate，Mary，whosehomeisnotfarfromourschool。这是我们的同学玛丽，她的家离我们学校不远。,6、除关系代词外，还有关系副词，when，where，why，其中when用来指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。如：IneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametotheGreatWall而where则指地点，如：Thisisthehousewheretheoldmanlives请看下面例句：,1ThatistherestaurantwhereIwillmeetyou2、Julyisthemonthwhentheweatherisusuallythehottest,Exercise1:用关系代词填空,Theboy_isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.Thee-mail_Ireceivedyesterdaywasfrommysister.Ihatepeople_talkmuchbutdolittle.Thecar_myfatherboughtlastmonthisverybeautiful.,who/that,which/that,who/that,which/that,5.Theman_hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Isthereastudent_fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehousein_wehavelivedfor10years.8.Iveneverheardofthepeopleandthings_youtalkedaboutjustnow.,whose,whose,which,that,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.,Exercise2.,Myfatherandhisteachertalkedaboutsomething_theycouldntremember.Sayall_youknow.Isthereanything_Icandoforyou?,that,that,that,当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.,4.Thisisthefirstplay_IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_Ihaveread.,that,that,当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.,6.Whoisthegirl_isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine_weusedlastSunday.,当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.,that,that,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.,当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all等词时，关系代词只能用that.,当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.,当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.,Remember,1.,2.,3.,4.,将下列每组句子改写为带有定语从句的复合句1.Thenurseisverykind.Shelooksaftermylittlebrother._2.Wewatchedtheplay“Teahouse”.Theplay“Teahouse”waswrittenbyLaoShe._3.Themedicinewasquitehelpful.DrLigaveittome._4.Thetrainstartedat5:00p.m.Mikemissedit._5.Theletterisfrommyuncle.1receiveditthreedaysago.,答案：1Thenursewholooksaftermylittlebrotherisverykind.（照顾我小弟弟的那个护上很慈善。who是关系代词，指的是护土。在定语从句中做主语。可用that代替who）2Wewatchedtheplay“Teahouse”whichwaswrittenbyLaoShe（我们看了老舍写的话剧“茶馆”。which是关系代词，指的是话剧。在定语从句中做主语。可用that代替which）,3ThemedicinewhichDrLigavemewasquitehelpful（李医生给我的药很有用。which是关系代词，指的是药。在定语从句中做宾语。可用that代替Which。可省略。）4ThetrainwhichMikemissedstartedat5：00p.m（麦克没赶上的那趟火车是下午5点钟出发的。which是关系代词，指的是火车。在定语从句中做宾语。可用that代替which。可省略。）5TheletterwhichIreceivedyesterdayisfrommyuncle（我昨天收到的那封信是我叔叔寄来的。which是关系代词，指的是信。在定语从句中做宾语。可用that代替which。可省略。）,6.Cream,butterandcheesearethesamekindsoffoodwhichareallmadefrommilk.Theymakeyoufat._7.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtustheletteryesterday._8.Hedidnotattendthemeeting.Hetoldmethereason._9.Thestudentstudiesveryhard.Herfatherisaworker._10.Imgoingtovisitthefarm.Myuncleworksthere._,6Cream，butterandcheesearethekindsoffoodwhichmakeyoufat.（冰激凌、奶油和奶酪是使你变胖的食品。which是关系代词，指的是kindsoffood。在定语从句中做主语。可用that代替which。）7Themanwhoboughtustheletterisinthenextroom（给我们带信的人在隔壁房间。who是关系代词，指的是那个人。在定语从句中做主语。可用that代替whe）8Hetoldmethereasonwhyhedidntattendthemeeting（他告诉我没有参加会的原因。w