高中英语句子成分基本句型精公开课ppt课件

句子成分及句型MembersandStructuresofaSentence,.,句子分类,简单句,复合句,并列复合句,主从复合句,有两个或两个以上的简单句用连词连接而成。如：and,but,or,so等,定语从句,状语从句,名词性从句,由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）组成的句子.eg:,TomandMikeareAmericanboys.,Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthenewspaper.,由主句和从句构成，且主从句分别有主谓结构。,英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。,掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。,一:(主谓)二:(主系表)三:(主谓宾)四:(主谓间宾直宾)五:(主谓宾宾补),*句子成分由词或词组充当,英语的基本成分有七种：_和_,主语(subject)、,谓语(predicate)、,表语(predicative)、,宾语(object)、,定语(attribute)、,状语(adverbial),补语(complement),.,主语subject,Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.Shewentoutinahurry.Fourplusfouriseight.Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisbadforhealth.Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Whathehassaidistrue.,主语:可以作主语的成分有名词,主格代词,动词不定式,动名词等等。主语一般在句首。,名词,主格代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词,the+形容词,句子,.,Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.3.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.4.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.5.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.,(一)挑出下列句中的主语,.,谓语predicate,谓语:简单谓语由动词或动词词组构成,是完整的时态和语态。一般在主语之后。Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词;HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shehasfinishedthehomework.,.,.,2.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime3.IhavebeenlearningEnglishfor1oyears.4.Heshouldtellmethetruth.5.Mybrotherdoesntlikestudy.6.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.,(二)挑出下列句中谓语,.,Ilikemyjob.Iloveyou.,Hewantedtoleavehere.Theyenjoyedplayingcomputergames.Heaskedwherehewas.,（三）宾语object,宾语：动作的接受者，一般在谓语后面.由名词,代词,介词短语,非谓语及从句充当。,.,宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.Hegavemesomebooks.,间接宾语,直接宾语,Pleasepassmethebook.Heboughtmesomeflowers.,(三)挑出下列句中的宾语Mybrotherhasntdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.,.,(四)宾语补足语objectcomplement,宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。Ifoundthebookinteresting.DoyouhearTomsinging?Hemadehimselfunderstood.Sheaskedmetolendherahand.Pleasemakeyourselfathome.Pleasekeepthedogout.Wemustkeepitasecret.,形容词,现在分词,过去分词,动词不定式,介词短语,副词,名词,(四)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.TheycallmeLilysometimes.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.,.,（五）定语(Attributive):,定语的作用？用于修饰、限定名词或代词。定语一般由？充当。girl定语还可以由名词充当，表用途。apencilbox,形容词,beautiful,a,.,定语(Attributive):,定语也可以由从句或非谓语动词充当。ThosewhowanttolearnEnglishwellshouldstudyharderthanothers.aninterestingbookameetingtoattend定语也可以由介词（词组）充当。Thebooksontheshelf,(五)挑出下列句中的定语1.Whatisyourgivenname?2.Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.3.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.4.Iamwaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!,.,（六）状语adverbial,用于修饰形容词,副词,动词,介词短语或句子.可表示时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方式,伴随,条件,程度,让步,频率等.Theyareplayingontheplayground.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.Hegotupsolatethathemissedthetrain.Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.,(六)挑出下列句中的状语Therewasabigsmileonherface.Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.Themanonthemotorbikewastravelingtoofast.,.,Theyseemtoknowthetruth.Timeisprecious.Whowasthefirst?Heisoutofcondition.ThebookiswhatIneed.Theappletastesgood.,（七）表语predicative,.,（七）表语,在系动词后的部分就是表语常见的系动词有:be动词(am,is,are)感官系动词feel,smell,sound,taste,look变化系动词become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come状态系动词seem,keep,remain,stay,appear.,(七)挑出下列句中的表语-Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.-Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.-SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.,.,八、同位语appositive,同位语当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时,一个句子成分用来说明和解释另一个句子成分,这个句子成分就叫做它的同位语。Westudentsshouldstudyhard.(students是we的同位语,都指同一批“学生”)Weallarestudents.(all是we的同位语,都指同样的“我们”),.,牛刀小试,a.b.c.d.e.,1.Pleastellusastory._2.Henoticedamanentertheroom._3.Ihavealotworktodo._4.Hisjobistotrainswimmers._5.Shesmiled._6.Pleaselookatthepicture._,d,a,e,b,e,c,.,.,.,.,.,.,划分句子成分,Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouvegottoschool.2.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididntdareopenawindow.3.Anothertimefivemonthsago,Ihappenedtobeupstairsatduskwhenthewindowwasopen.4.Thedark,rainyevening,thewind,thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirelyintheirpower.,1.Youwilltell(your)friendthatyouvegottoschool.2.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididntdareo