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体育课堂教学 双语导航黄小平21世纪,以加强外语和计算机为新世纪人才特征的新一轮中小学教育,课程改革方兴未艾,“研究性学习”、“双语教学”等新概念成为“热门主题”,成为推进“素质教育”的又一着陆点。中小学加强外语教学势在必行,外语教学正在准备新的飞跃,其中“双语教学”是最引入注目之视点。目前,我国主要是在非英语学科中运用汉语和英语进行双语教学。体育教学中开展双语教学也得到了一些体育教师的有益尝试。要开展体育双语课教学,体育教师必须熟悉课堂上的日常用语,并能熟练运用使学生听得懂,这样才能使学生更好地学习和掌握所学的知识。当前一些学校也在积极尝试在体育教学中开展双语教学,我校是一所双语学校,双语教学开展得较早,在教学实践中也收到了一定的成效。本文主要就笔者在双语教学实践中收集整理、翻译而成的一些体育课堂日常用语,希望能给从事体育双语教学的一些教师有所帮助。一、开始上课(Class Beginning)(一) 课前用语(Expressions Before Class Begins)1. There goes the bell.(铃打过了。)2. Is that the bell?(是打上课铃吗?)3. Has the bell rung?(上课铃打了吗?)4. There are still five minutes to go.(还有5分钟就要打铃了?)5. Is that the first bell or the second bell?(是预备铃还是上课铃?)6. Are you ready for class?(准备好了吗?)7. Lets get everything ready for class.(准备上课。)8. Its time to start now.(该上课了。)9. Stop talking now so that we can start.(别讲话,我们上课。)10. We wont start until everyone is quiet.(要等你们安静下来我们才开始上课。)11. How far did we get last time?(上次我们学到哪里?)12. Let me introduce myself.(让我来作自我介绍吧。)13. Ill be teaching you P.E.this year.(今年我将教你们体育。)(二) 问候(Greetings)1. Good morning.(早上好。)2. Good afternoon, everybody.(同学们,下午好。)3. I hope you are all feeling well today.(我希望大家今都感觉不错。)4. I hope you have all had a nice weekend.(我希望你们周未都过得愉快。)(三) 点名(Registering)1. Ill mark the register.(我要点名了。) Lets have a roll call.(我们点名吧。) Lets call the roll. (我们点名吧。) Ill fill in the register. (我要点名了。) Ill can the register. (我要点名了。)2. Let me check whos missing.(我检查一下谁缺席了。)3. Are you all here/present?(你们都来了吗?)4. Is everybody here?(都到齐了吗?)5. Who is on duty today?(今天谁值日?)(四) 缺席(Absence)1. (Is there) anyone absent?(有谁缺席?)2. Who is absent?(谁缺席?)3. Is anybody else absent?(还有谁缺席?)4. Who is missing today?(今天谁缺席?)5. Does anybody have an ideas where John is today?(有谁知道约翰今天在哪儿?)6. Whats wrong with Tom today?(汤姆今天有什么不舒服吗?)7. Has he asked for sick leave?(他请病假了吗?)8. Has he asked for personal leave?(他请事假了吗?)(五) 迟到(Lateness)1. Why are you later?(你为什么迟到?)2. Where have you been?(你上哪儿去了?)3. What have you been doing?(你一直在做什么?)4. We started five minutes ago.(我们上课已有五分钟了。)5. Try not to be late next time.(下次别迟到了。)6. Dont let it happen again.(下次别再迟到。)7. Let this be the last time.(但愿这次是最后一次。) 二、课堂活动(Classroom Activities)1. Form ranks(集合) Form four ranks (成四列横队集合) Form four columns (成四路纵队集合) 2. Form ranks (整队) Class rest (稍息) Class attention (立正) Right dress (向右看齐) Left dress (向左看齐) Middle dress (向中看齐) Forward dress (向前看齐) Eyes front (向前看)First rank, Number. (第一排,报数)Report(报告老师)There should be _students in all.(本班应到几人)There are _students here now.(实到人)Report finished.(报告完毕)Please give the instructions.(请指示) No absence(无人缺席)3. P.E. teacher(体育教师)OK, go back(请归队) Good morning(afternoon) everyone.(同学们好)Good morning(afternoon) teacher(老师好)Rest(请稍息)The tasks are as follows: (本课任务:)To go over_, and learn how to _.(复习,学习)Now, lets do warm-up exercises first.(现在,我们先做一下准备活动)Now, Get ready for exercises.(准备做操)Follow me.(跟着我一起做)4. Left Turn (向左转) Right Turn (向右转) About Turn (向后转) Stand close (并队走) Parade Step, march (正步走) Double time (跑步走) Mark time (踏步走) Quick time, march (齐步走)Class Halt (立定)Left wheel (左转弯) Right wheel (右转弯) Arms Up (两臂侧平举) Arms Front (两臂前平举) Arms Down (两臂放下)By the left flank, change (向左转走) By the right flank, change (向右转走) 5. Arms up, Arms front(成体操队形散开)Lets practise in groups(分组练习) Lets practise together(集体练习)Now, _students to a group practise by yourselves(人一组,自由组合)6. Warm down(整理活动。) Now, Class is over.(今天,我们的课就上到这里。) Good bye,everyone!(同学们再见!) Good bye,teacher!(老师再见!) Dismissed!(解散!) 7.Attend drill! 出(上)操! Fall in! 集合! In one rank (two ranks), fall in! 成一(二)列横队集合! Make twos (fours), fall in! 成二(四)列集合! Line up (Stand in line)! 整队! Attention!/(Shun! ) 立正! Eyes right (Right dress)! 向右看齐! Eyes left (Left dress)! 向左看齐! Guide centre! 向中看齐! Guide on me! 以我为准! Eyes front (Ready front)! 向前看! Count (Number) off! 报数! By twos number! 一、二报数! At ease! 稍息! Call the roll! 点名! Here! 到(有)! Come out and report the number of men present! 出列报告出操人数! All present! 全到! Dismiss! 解散! Fall out! 就地解散! As you are! 原地不动! fall out to me (Out of ranks)! 出列! front pass! 向前三步走! Forward march! 齐步走! At ease march! 便步走! Double (time) march! 跑步走! Quick march! 快步走! Double time! 跑步前进! Half step! 快步 Mark time, march! 踏步走! Halt! 立定! Close! 靠拢! Close ranks! 向前靠拢! Left close! 向左靠拢! Extend! 散开! Right extend! 向右散开! Face about! 向后转! Right(Left, About) face! 向右(左,后)看齐! Right(Left, About) turn! 向右(左,后)转! Right (Left) wheel! 右(左)转弯走! To the rear, march! 向后转走! Goose step, march! 正步走! Change steps! 换步! Advance! 前进! Advance abreast! 并列前进! Advance running! 跑步前进! Column right (left)! 纵队向右(左)转! Column half right (left)! 纵队半面向右(左)转!三、课堂管理(Class Control)(一)声音(Noise)1equiet!(安静!)2Settle down, all of you.(你们大家都要静下来。)3Listen to me carefully.(注意听我讲。)4Silence/Quiet, please!(请安静些!)5Shut up , all of you!(你们都别讲话!)6Listen attentively, please.(请注意听。)7Dont talk.(别讲话。)8Not another word , please.(请不要再讲话。)9Dont whisper to each other.(不要窃窃私语。)10Stop chattering there.(别再那里闲聊。)11Dont make such a noise.(不要这样闹哄哄的。)12Put a sock in it, will you?(你们别做声,好吗?)(二)动作(Movement)1Stand still.(站着别动。)2Dont move.(别动。)3Stand up (straight).(站端正。)4Dont fidget(about).(不要做小动作。)5Behave yourself!(规矩点!)6Dont keep turning round.(别再那样转过来扭过去。)7Everybody stay where there are.(请大家呆在原地。)8Turn this way.(向这边转过来。)9Nobody move.(大家不要动。)(三) 凝视(Gazing)1. Look this way.(看这边。)2. Look over there.(往这边看。)3. Pay attention now.(现在注意了。)4. Try to concentrate now.(要集中思想。)5. Could I have your attention, please.(请注意听讲。)6. Dont stand there daydreaming.(别站在那里思想开小差。)(四)举手(Putting up Hands)1. Please raise(or put up)your hand(s)!(请举手!)2. Hands up!(举手!)3. Raise your hand before asking a question.(提问前要先举手。)4. All those who got it right, put your hands up.(请所有答对的同学举手。)5. Those of you who know the answer ,put your hand(s) up.(你们中知道答案的请举手。)6. Hands down!(把手放下!)7. Put your hands down.(把手放下。)(五)重复(Repetition)1. Louder, please.(请大点声。)Say it louder, please. (请说得大声一点。)Speak up. (大声一点。)Say it louder.(大声说。)2. More clearly.(再说得清楚一点。)Speak more clearly. (说得再清楚一点。)3. Say it again.(再说一遍。)Once more. (再说一遍。)Again, please. (请再说一遍。)4. Theres no need to shout.(不必大声喊。)5. Say it as that everyone can hear you.(大声点,让全班都听到。)6. Slowly speak it.(说得慢些。)7. Softer.(低声些。)(六)停止(Stopping)1. Thatll do now!(够啦!)2. Stop now!(现在停止。)3. No more of that!(再那样可不行!)4. Give it a rest!(停止那样做!)5. Get it out!(停止!)6. Thats enough of that!(别再那样了!)7. Stop that!(停止做那个!)8. Everyone stop what you are doing.(大家停止做正在做的练习。)9. Thats enough for now.(做到这里就够了。)10. Hands off!(请勿动手!)11. All right, you can stop now.(你们必须马上停下来。)(七)鼓励(Encouragement)1. Please go on.(请继续下去。)2. Dont be shy (or nervous).(不要怕难为情或紧张。)3. Back up.(振作精神。)4. Come on!(加油!)5. Keep at it!(别松劲!)6. Stick to it!(坚持下去!)7. Think it over.(想想看。)8. Try! (or Have a try!)(试试看!)9. Dont be afraid of making mistakes.(不要怕做错。)(八)禁止(Prohibition)1. Dont interrupt him.(别打断他。)2. Stop dilly-dallying.(别再消磨时间。)3. Dont give hints.(不要提示。)4. Dont disturb your neighbor.(别打扰你旁边的同学。)(九)理解(Understanding)1. Do you all understand?(全都懂了吗?)2. Cant you see my meaning/point?(你们懂不懂我的意思?)3. Is there anything you dont understand?(你们还有什么不懂的地方吗?)4. Who else has a question to ask?(还有谁有问题?)5. Is anything not clear to you?(有什么不清楚的地方吗?)6. Dont hesitate to ask me if anything is not clear to you.(有什么不清楚的地方,尽管问我。)7. Are there any points youre not sure of?(还有什么要点你们没有把握吗?)8. Give me a brief summary of the contents.(请把内容简单扼要地讲一讲。)9. Do you see what I mean?(你明白我的意思吗?)10. Get it?(明白了吗?) 四、运动项目 1Track and Field (田径)middle-distance race 中距离跑long-distance race 长跑long-distance runner 中长跑运动员sprint 短跑hurdles 跨栏the 400 metre hurdles 400M栏the 110 metre hurdles 110M栏marathon 马拉松cross-country race 越野跑relays 接力跑walking 竞走high jump 跳高long jump 跳远triple jump (hop step and jump ) 三级跳pole jump 撑杆跳shot put 推铅球discus throwing 掷铁饼hammer throwing 掷链球javelin throwing 掷标枪decathlon 十项strengthening 力量练习stretching 伸展练习warm up drills 热身练习stadium 体育场(馆)racetrack 跑道barbell 杠铃2Basketball (篮球)About the Fields(关于场地词汇)Stadium 体育馆 basketball court 篮球场central circle 中圈central line 中线side line 边线base line 底线free throw line 罚球线lame 三秒区backboard 篮板basket 篮圈net 篮网About the Rules(关于规则词汇)Foul 犯规Pushing 推人Charging 撞人Blocking 阻挡Hacking 打手Holding 拉人personal foul 个人犯规team foul 球队犯规fragrant foul 故意犯规foul out 被罚出场Violation 违例traveling (walking) 走步double dribble 两次运球24 seconds violated 24秒违例5 second violated 5秒违例out of bound 出界goal tending 干扰球About the Tactics(关于战术的词汇)Offence 进攻set play (set office) 阵地进攻one on one (isolation) 一打一pick and roll (screen and roll) 掩护进攻(挡拆)pass and catch 传切进攻fast break (Break) 快攻transition game 攻防转换defense 防守man to man defense 人钉人防守zone defense 联防composition defense 混和防守trap 夹击About the Moves(关于技术的词汇)Points 得分Rebounds 篮板球Assists 助攻Steals 抢断Blocks 盖帽Dribble 运球Shoot 投篮dunk Slam 扣篮lay up 上篮pass 传球cut 空切drive 突破set a pic (set a screen) 掩护stamina 体力height 高度weight 体重speed 速度strength 力量flexibility 灵活程度About the Personnel(关于人员的词汇)Center 中锋Forward 前锋small forward 小前锋power forward 大前锋guard 后卫shooting guard 得分后卫point guard 组织后卫head coach 主教练assistant coach 助理教练trainer 训练员general manager 球队经理owner of the team 球队老板3Volleyball (排球) About the Fields (关于场地器材的词汇)volleyball court 排球场side line 边线end line 底线central line 中线attacking line 三M线net 球网net post 网柱mesh 网眼match sheet 积分表About the Game Systems (头于赛制的词汇)double elimination 双淘汰制double round robin 双循环制one game 一局比赛one match 一场比赛About the personnel (关于人员的词汇)forward 前排队员back field player 后排队员ace spiker 主攻手setter 二传手captain 队长umpire 裁判set umpire 副裁判linesman 司线员scorer 记分员About the Tactics and Moves (关于技战术的词汇)serve 发球serving 发球权overhand 上手发球underhand 下手发球smash serve 跳发球set up 托球 垫球pass 传球first pass 一传second pass 二传slam spike 扣球straight smash 扣直线slide smash 扣斜线quick kill 快球drop 吊球hold 持球net-ball 落网球net-fault 身体触网fault 失误 判失误tie 平手game 局save 救球block 拦网volley 相持球About the Rules (关于规则的词汇)fault 失误serve fault 发球失误 out of bound 出界on line 球压线net fault 触网punching ball 拳击球4Score (足球)About the Fields (关于场地的词汇)Stadium 体育场soccer field/soccer 足球场penalty box 禁区goal 球门goal line 球门线goal net 球门网goal post 球门柱crossbar 横梁by-line 边线center circle 中圈center field 中场goal area 球门区corner area 角球区About the Rules (关于规则的词汇)Foul 犯规red card 红牌yellow card 黄牌off-side 越位hand ball 手球deny a goal 判进球无效send off 罚下场suspend 停赛About the Game Sysems (关于赛制的词汇)kick off 开球first half 上半场second half 下半场intermission 中场休息warming up match 热身赛charity soccer match 慈善足球赛invitational tournament 邀请赛return leg 回访赛relegation 隆级promotion 升级home ground 主场场地home match 主场比赛away ground 客场场地away match 客场比赛final eight 前八强extra time 加时赛single elimination 单淘汰制group round robin 小组循环制home and away 主客场制aggregate score 总结分About the Tactics (关于战术的词汇)Attack 进攻all-out attack 全攻型打法offence on the wings 边路进攻fast break 快速反击defense 防守defensive wall 防守人墙man-to-man 人盯人防守blanket defense 密集防守About the Moves (关于技术的词汇)Shoot 射门free kick 任意球penalty 点球score 得分throw in 界外球corner kick 角球header 头球dribbling 带球pass 传球steal 断球slide tackle 铲球rebound 反弹球fake/feint 假动作About the Personnel (关于人员的词汇)player 球员forward 前锋winger 边锋left winger 左边锋right winger 右边锋center forward 中锋back 后卫center mid-fielder 中前卫center back 中卫sweeper自由中卫 (清道夫)left back 左后卫right back 右后卫offensive player 进攻球员defensive player 防守球员striker 攻击手freeman 自由人goalkeeper/goalie 守门员referee 裁判linesman 巡边员trainer 训练员5Table Tennis, Badminton(乒乓球 羽毛球)serve 发球return 回球net ball 落网球let ball 擦网球fault 失误 deuce 平分advantage 优势分forehand 正手backhand 反手rally 连续对打singles 单打doubles 双打mixed doubles 混合双打table tennis 乒乓球English 旋球pen-hold grip 直拍握法ha

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