石河子大学药学院药学英语药理单词完整版.doc

2012级中药一班pharmacology药理学pharmacodynamics药物效应动力学potency效价efficacy （效能）affinity（亲和力）intrinsic activity（内在活性）pharmacokinetics药物代谢动力学absorption吸收distribution分布metabolism 代谢biotransformation生物转化excretion排泄物filtration（滤过）passive diffusion被动扩散facilitated diffusion（易化扩散）active transport主动转运endocytosis（内吞作用）exocytosis（胞吐作用）acetylcholine stlkoli:n （乙酰胆碱）cholinesterase（胆碱酯酶）epinephrine 肾上腺素norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素dopamine 多巴胺histamine 组胺5-hydroxytryptamine 5-羟色胺-aminobutyric acid 氨基丁酸signal transduction 信号转导acidic 酸basic 碱agonist 激动剂antagonist 拮抗剂dosage regimen给药方案administration route给药途径enteral肠parenteral肠胃外的oral administration口服给药intragastric administration灌胃sublingual administration舌下给药subcutaneous injection皮下注射intramuscular injection肌肉注射intraperitoneal injection腹腔注射intravenous injection静脉注射intravenous infusion静脉注射intra-arterial injection动脉注射intrathecal injection鞘内注射intraventricular injection脑室内注射inhalation administration吸入intranasal administration鼻腔给药transdermal administration经皮肤给药rectal administration直肠给药topical administration局部给药Phase I reactions 1相反应oxidation氧化reduction还原hydrolysis水解conjugation结合plasma血浆serum血清plasma concentration血浆药物浓度cerebrospinal fluid脑脊髓液extracellular细胞外的intracellular细胞内的endogenous内源的exogenous外源的capillary毛细血管capillary permeability毛细血管渗透性epithelium上皮细胞endothelium内皮blood-brain barrier血脑屏障placental barrier胎盘屏障blood-eye barrier血眼屏障acute急性的；严重的chronic hepatic insufficiency 慢性肝功能不全hepatic failure肝功能衰竭renal insufficiency肾机能不全renal failure肾衰竭cardiac insufficiency心机能不全cardiac failure心力衰竭fatigue疲劳nausea and vomiting恶心呕吐stomachache胃痛，肚子痛diarrhea腹泻；痢疾constipation便秘ischemia局部贫血anaemia贫血症hypohemia贫血bleeding出血；流血的haemorrhage大出血congestion充血；阻塞hyperemia充血rash，tetter，erythra疹子palpitation悸动；心动cardiopalmus心跳；心悸convulsion抽搐；震动edema浮肿； 水肿dropsy水肿；浮肿eclampsia子痫dyspnea呼吸困难anhelation气促hearing loss听觉损耗epicophosis耳聋deafness聋nasal obstruction鼻塞apsychia晕厥syncope昏厥deliquium精神错乱tolerance耐受性bacterial resisitance 细菌耐药性tachyphylaxis快速抗药反应drug resistance药物抗性tumor肿瘤；肿块neoplasm 瘤，肿瘤cancer 癌症，恶性肿瘤carcinoma 癌，癌细胞，癌的carcinomatous 癌的，癌性的，癌性sarcoma 肉瘤，恶性毒瘤lipomyoma 脂肌瘤，脂肪瘤leukemia 白血病leucocythemia 白血病proliferation 扩散，细胞增殖invasion 发病invasive 扩散性的，蔓延性的metastasis 转移，癌转移metastatic 转移性的；变态的angiogenesis 血管再生术，血管形成hypertension 高血压，高血压病diabetes mellitus 糖尿病hyperlipemia 高脂血症，高血脂scleratheroma 动脉粥样硬化atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化obesity 肥胖，肥胖症adiposis 肥胖病， 肥胖症pregnancy hypertension 妊娠高血压bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘allergic asthma 过敏性哮喘，变应性哮喘rhinitis 鼻炎，鼻黏膜炎bronchitis 支气管炎pneumonia 肺炎， 急性肺炎meningitis 脑膜炎，流脑疫苗influenza 流行性感冒，流感病毒dermatitis 皮炎dermatitis medicamentosa 药物性皮炎photosensitive dermatitis 光敏性皮炎hypoglycemia 低血糖症cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血，脑溢血cerebral infarction 脑梗塞，脑梗死antibiotics 抗生素antibacterial 抗菌，抗菌的antiviral agent 抗病毒剂，抗病毒因子antiparasitic agent 抗寄生虫药anesthesia 麻醉local anesthetics 局部麻醉剂epilepsy 癫痫epileptic 癫痫患者；癫痫；癫痫的antiepileptic drugs 抗癫痫药angina n. 心绞痛；咽喉痛 stenocardia 心绞痛antianginal drugs 抗心绞痛药myocardial infarction 心肌梗死，心肌梗塞（略写作MI）arrhythmia n.心率失常antiarrhythmic 抗心率失常nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油digitalis 洋地黄苷digoxin 地高辛insulin 胰岛素atropine 阿托品anticoagulant drug抗凝药warfarin华法林heparin肝素diuretics利尿剂furosemide速尿hydrochlorothiazide氢氯噻嗪penicillin青霉素aminoglycosides氨基糖苷类sulfonamides磺胺fluoroquinolones氟喹诺酮类steroid hormone类固醇激素glucocorticoid糖皮质激素estrogen雌激素androgen雄激素outpatient department门诊部emergency department急诊部；急诊科