动词-ing形式作定语表语和宾补(1).ppt

动词-ing形式,动词-ing形式分类：动名词和现在分词动名词和现在分词的区别动名词在句子中的作用：作主语、宾语、表语、定语现在分词在句中的作用：作表语、定语、补语、状语,动词-ing形式分类：动名词和现在分词动名词1、Singingisourhobby.(作主语)2、Wedontallowfallingasleepinclass.(作动词的宾语)3、Thanksforyourunderstanding.(作介词的宾语)4、MyjobisteachingEnglish.(作表语)5、Iboughtmygrandfatherawalkingstick.(作定语)现在分词1.Thestudentsaresurprisedatthenews.(作表语)2.Theoldmanasksmetostoptherunningman.(作定语)3.Thegirlsawthethiefstealingherroommatescellphone.(作宾补)4.HavingturnedofftheTVset,hebegantogooverhislessons.(作状语),动名词和现在分词的区别动名词和现在分词在句中可充当的成分：,动名词和现在分词的区别动名词和现在分词在句中都可充当表语和定语两者都充当表语时的区别方法：P56-57(1)倒置法(主语和表语位置互换,句意有无变化)(2)加入法(表语前加上副词very,so,more,most,句意是否通畅)(3)提问法(能用what提问还是how提问)都充当定语时的区别方法动名词翻译为：用来-现在分词翻译为：正在-/会-,一、-ing形式作定语1.单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：buildingmaterials=materialsforbuilding建筑材料,drinkingwater=waterfordrinking饮用水awalkingstick=astickforwalking手杖areadingroom=aroomforreading阅览室awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台,tiringmusic=musicthatistiring烦人的音乐asurprisingresult=aresultthatissurprising一个惊人的结果2.-ing形式短语作定语时,放在所修饰的名词之后,并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：,Theylivedinaroomfacingthestreet.=Theylivedinaroomthatfacedthestreet.他们住在一间面朝街的房ThemanstandingthereisTomsfather.=ThemanwhoisstandingthereisTomsfather.站在那儿的那个人是汤姆的父亲。,Anybodyswimminginthisriverwillbefined.=Anybodywhoisswimminginthisriverwillbefined.在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。,3.-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：Hisbrother,workingasateacher,livesinBeijing.=Hisbrother,whoisworkingasateacher,livesinBeijing.他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。,Theappletree,swayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.=Theappletree,whichwasswayinggentlyinthebreeze,hadagoodcropoffruit.那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。,二、-ing形式作宾语补足语1)动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：Whenwereturnedtotheschool,wefoundastrangerstandingattheentrance.当我们回到学校时,发现一个陌生人站在门口。,Wefoundthesnakeeatingtheeggs.我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。Ifoundabaglyingontheground.我发现地板上放着一个包。Thebosskepttheworkersworkingthewholenight.那老板让工人整夜地工作。,2）当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。如：Theyfoundtheresultverysatisfying.=Theresultisfoundverysatisfying.这个结果很令人满意。,Theyheardhimsinginginthenextroom.=Hewasheardsinginginthenextroom.有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。Wemustntkeepthemwaiting.=Theymustntbekeptwaiting.千万不能让他们等。,2.能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,lookat,listento等。如：Wesawalightburninginthewindow.Ifeltsomebodypattingmyshoulder.,*Canyousmellanythingburning?*Ashespoke,heobservedeverybodylookingathimcuriously.*Listentothebirdssinging.*Ididntnoticehimwaiting.2)表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。如：,Iwonthaveyoudoingthat.Thissetmethinking.Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Icantgettheclockgoingagain.Youwontcatchmedoingthatagain.你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。,3.see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：Wepassedbytheclassmatesandsawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验）,前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示动作从开始到结束的全过程。如:,Wesatanhourandwatchedtheteachermaketheexperiment.我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验（一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验）如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作，而-ing形式则表示反复动作。如：Weheardthedoorslam.Weheardthedoorslamming.,(反复动作),(一次动作),三、-ing形式作表语-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如：Herhobbyispainting.她的业余爱好是画画。Myjobislookingafterthechildren.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。,Hisconcernforhismotherismosttouching.他对母亲的关爱很感人。Shewasverypleasinginherappearance.,她的外貌很招人喜欢。,Pleasereadthesentencescarefully,tryingtopickouttheerrorsandthencorrectthem.1.IamlookingforwardtovisitCharlieChaplinMuseuminSwitzerlandnextweek.,visiting,2.ManypeoplestillenjoyseeingCharlieChaplinssilentfilms.3.ThatcartoonpictureshowsCharlieChaplinwatchhimselfwatchinginamovie.4.Charliesnonverbalhumoroftenmakespeopleburstingwithlaughter.,watching,burst,5.WeareallfondofCharliesearlyfilms,whichwethinkaremoreinterested.6.ImissedtoseethebeginningofthefilmCityLightstheotherday.7.IwouldntmindtoseeTheGoldRushagainwithyoutonight.,interesting,seeing,seeing,8.Charliesjobwasentertainpeople,wasnthe?,entertaining,从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。,1.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_hishandintothepocketofapassenger.(北京2004春)A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting,2.Themanager,_itcleartousthathedidntagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.(江西2005)A.whohasmadeB.havingmadeC.madeD.making3.Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchwork_mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.(福建2007)A.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.beingfilled,4.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow_hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.(四川2007)A.saidB.sayC.sayingD.tosay5.Ismellsomething_inthekitchen.Ca