Unit 15 Learning Lesson 4-Understanding学案1 北师大版必修5

Unit 15 Learning 导学案（7）Lesson 4 UnderstandingTips: All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them. Galileo Galilei (15641642)(所有的真理一旦被发现都很容易理解：问题是要去发现他们。)Learning aims: 1. Learn some useful words and phrases. 2. Know more information about this passage.Learning important and difficult points: 1. how to master the important words and phrases. 2. how to use them.Learning procedures: Step I 词汇竞猜（A级）1. vt. 获得，得到2. n. 思考，考虑3. n. 职衔4. adj. 值得的5. religion n. 6. n. 保卫，保护7. n. 忽视，不顾8. adj. 不情愿的9. vt. 强烈要求10. n. 阴影，影子11. adj. 传统，保守的12. kingdom n. 13. civilisation n. 14. adj.极其重要的15. adj. 有用，有益的16. n. 景象，形象Step II 短语识记 （B级）1. to start with 2. in other words 3. spit out 4. sit back 5. be willing to 6. be based on 7. put sb. in prison 8. step out from shadows Step III 文句注解（C级）Para 21. ,in the 17th century when Francis Bacon suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge, he was going against the views of the day.译文： 1) suggest 后接宾语从句:当做建议讲时，所接从句要用 语气 形式.eg: 我建议我们立刻吃午饭。 作表明、暗示讲时，所接从句用陈述语气。eg: 他脸上的表情表明他很生气。 2) to gain knowledge 做 the way 的 。2. The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were willing to challenge what they had always comfortably believed.译文： 1) tend to eg: It tends to be very cold here in the winter. Women tend to live longer than men.拓展：tendency n. 倾向，趋势 tend to/towards sth 趋向、倾向趋于（某物） tend (to) sb./sth 照料某人或某物汉译英：我们往往在每天大约六点钟忙碌起来。 她日日夜夜地看护着这位受伤的士兵。 2) ignore vt. n.(无知、愚昧) adj.（无知的）be ignorant of/about sth/sb. 不知道的，对无知的汉译英：我父亲对电脑一窍不通。 3. They preferred to make assumptions about the world based on the experience of others.译文： 1)make assumptions 2) vt. 假定，假设eg: Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds. 咱们暂时假设计划成功。4. , were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence. 1) come to ones defence 拓展：defence n. vt. defend sb. against/from 保护某人不受 in defence of 保卫，为辩护eg: We should stand up （来维护自己的权力）. The lawyer came to the court (为嫌疑犯辩护).Para 31. It is not surprising that people wanted to believe these ancient views as they had been put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle (384322BC). 译文： 1) 此句真正的主语是 2) put forward 回顾与put 相关的短语2. At first, people approved of his studies and urged him to continue, but later when he proved Aristotle wrong, they grew angry and put him in prison. 译文： 1) approve vt. approval n. approve of 2) urge及物动词 vt. 1.催促;力劝;激励;怂恿eg:They urged us to go at once. 他们催促我们马上去。 2.极力主张;强烈要求(+on)+thateg:My friends urged that I (should) apply for the job. 朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。Para 4But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at times. 译文： 拓展：inspire v. 鼓舞，鼓励 n. adj.激起/鼓舞某人做inspire sb. to do sth inspire sb.to sth 激起/鼓舞了某人的 inspire sb. with sth. inspire sth. in sb. eg: The news inspired us with courage.= The news inspired corage in us. 那消息给了我们勇气。Step IV 要点检测1. The class are discussing a newspaper editorial(社论)that citizens to help reduce the noise and air pollution in the city.A. ordered B. demanded C. promised D. urged2. Her father in the USA for another year so that she could work toward her masters degree. A. agreed to stay B. permitted her stay C. let her staying D. approved of her staying3. The lecture was so that they were all .A. inspiring; exciting B. inspiring; excitedC. inspired; exciting D. inspired; excited4. He didnt make clear when and where the meeting would be held. A. this B. that C. it D. these5. Would you here in the balcony? A. step out B. step up C. step aside D. step on6. They very well in the game.A. defence B. defended C. defending D. defences7. It would be a mistake my advice. A. to ignore B. to pass C. to be ignorant D. to inf