初中英语状语从句详细讲解与练习(精华版)ppt课件

.,Welcometoourclass,.,状语从句,1.时间状语从句,2.地点状语从句,3.原因状语从句,4.条件状语从句,5.让步状语从句,6.目的状语从句,7.结果状语从句,8.方式状语从句,9.比较状语从句,.,1.状语定义:合句中由从句担任状语，称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语、定语或状语，或是整个句子2.当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。分类如下：,什么是状语？,.,时间,地点,条件,让步,原因,目的,结果,比较,方式,状语从句,.,一.时间状语从句,1.注意时态一致.一般情况下:主句是将来时的时候,从句用一般现在时1.表示同时性，即主从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。,.,1.时间状语从句,引导词可分为两部分,aswhilewhenwheneverbeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonas,everytimenexttimethefirst/timethemomenttheminute/instantlyimmediatelydirectly(一就),.,as引导的时间状语从句,可以表达“正当”，“一边一边”，“随着”等意思。,1.表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.,2.表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。Justashewasspeakingtherewasaloudexplosion.,3.表示两个动作同时发生。Helensangasongasshewashed.,4.表示“随着.”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果。Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.,1.as,while,when的区别,.,while:持续性动词进行时,1.一般或现在情况2.将来情况V一般现在时或现在进行时3.过去情况,e.g.IlikelisteningtomusicwhileIamdoingmyhomework.,e.g.Imgoingtothepostoffice.-Whileyouarethere,canyougetsomestampsforme?,e.g.IhurtmyshouldwhileIwasdoinggym.,.,When:1.当的时候WhenIwasyoung,Iwenttotownmyself.Whenhereceivestheletter,helltellus.,.,before引导的时间状语从句,1.常译为“在之前”，2.表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。,1.Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.,2.Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretforwhatyouvedone.,after引导的时间状语从句,1.常译为“在之后”，2.表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。,1.Afteryouuseplasticbags,youmustntthrowthemabout.用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。,.,TheAmricanWarlastedfouryears_theNorthwonintheend.A.AfterB.beforeC.whenD.then,B,.,since引导的时间状语从句,1.常译为“自从”，2.主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。,1.我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。,Wehaventseeneachothersinceweparted.,常用句型：Ithasbeen(is)+时间段+since从句“自从有多长时间了”,2.自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。,Ithasbeen(is)sixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.,.,before,after,since,Hehadleftthetowntheday_shearrived.Itwasnotlong_helefthishometown.Iplayedfootball_I(had)finishedmyhomeworkPleasetellherIllcome_Idosomeshopping.Itwillnotbelong_wemeateachotheragain.It_(be)twoyearssincewe_(begin)tousethismachine.,before,after,before,before,after,is/hasbeen,began,.,until/till引导的时间状语从句,1.常译为“直到时”，2.表示主句动作发生在从句之前。,当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。,1：我会待在这里，直到你回来。,Illstayhereuntilyoucomeback.,当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句常用否定形式。notuntil“直到才”，这时until可用before替换。,Hedidntgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.,2.他直到做完作业才睡觉。,.,_heheardthis,hegotveryangry.2.ImetLucy_Iwaswalkingalongtheriver.3._achild,helivedinthecountryside.A.whenB.whileC.as,对比训练1,A,B,C,.,1.Wewereabouttoleave_itbegantorain.2.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherson,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmyson.3.HardlyhadIfinishedmycomposition_thebellrang.A.whenB.whileC.asD.during,对比训练2,A,B,A,.,assoonas引导的时间状语从句,1.译为“一就”，2.表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。,1.他一回来我就告诉他这件事。,Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashecomesback.,2.相当于assoonas用法的词或短语还有：immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant等.,2.Illgivehimyourmessagetheminutehearrives.,1.DirectlyIhaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.,.,1.Itcostme20yuantogettotheQuanzhouMuseumyesterday.Well,itwasawasteofmoneytotakeataxi_youcouldhavegonebybusaswell.(11泉州市质检）A.whenB.whileC.unlessD.because,2.Youneverreallyknowwhetheryoucouldhandlefailure_youcomefacetofacewithit.(11厦门市质检）A.untilB.afterC.whenD.while,.,3Becauseoftheheavytraffic，itwasalreadytimeforlunchbreakshegottoheroffice（10四川）AsinceBthatCwhenDuntil,4.Johnthinksitwontbelongheisready。forhisnewjob.（10陕西）A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.since,A,5.Howcanyouexpecttolearnanythingyouneverlisten？(06山东31)A.incaseB.evenifC.unlessD.when,.,6.Shehadjustfinishedherhomework_hermotheraskedhertopracticeplayingthepianoyesterday(09福建33).A.whenB.whileC.afterD.since,7.Youcantborrowbooksfromtheschoollibrary_yougetyourstudentcard.(09上海32)A.beforeB.ifC.whileD.as,.,需要注意的几点:1.在时间(或条件)状语从句中,要注意时态一致.一般情况下,“主将从现”Whenhereceivestheletter,helltellus.1.When_again?Whenhe_,Illletyouknow.(NMET88)A.hecomes;comesB.willhecomes;willcomeC.hecomes;willcomeD.willhecome;comes,.,牛刀小试(时间状语从句),_hewasonholidayhecaughtabadcold.SinceB.WhileC.AsD.During2._thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.WhenB.SinceC.WhileD.As3.Shewillwritetoyouassoonasshe_toParis.A.WillgetB.getsC.getD.got,.,Marymadecoffee_herguestswerefinishingtheirmeal.SothatB.althoughC.whileD.asif2.Tomwasabouttoclosethewindow_hisattentionwascaughtbyabird.WhenB.ifC.andD.till3.Johnthinksitwontbelong_heisreadyforhisnewjob.A.WhenB.beforeC.afterD.since,C,A,B,.,5.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup_Icouldanswerthephone.A.AsB.sinceC.untilD.before6.Itwasalongtime_wemetagain.A.BeforeB.sinceC.forD.when7.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislistenerscuriosity_hereachestheendofthestory.A.whenB.unlessC.untilD.after,.,8.Dontstop_youmeetwithawordyoudontunderstand.A.atthetimeB.eachtimeC.whileD.During9.-didyouremembertogiveAlicethemoneyyouoweher?-Yes,_Isawher,Irememberit.A.whileB.theinstantC.suddenlyD.soon10._ababyturtleishatched,itmustbeabletofeedforitself.NosoonerthanB.NosoonerC.SosoonthatD.Assoonas,.,原因状语从句,.,1.表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句2.常用的连接词是：because,as,since,nowthat,for,和consideringthat,seeingthat这七个连词都用于表示表示原因,但在语气上一个比一个弱。,e.g.Hedidntcometoschoolbecausehewasill.,c.f.Hemightbeill,forhedidntcometoschool.,表示“直接”原因。,表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。,3.原因状语从句,.,because,since,as,for的区别:,1.because直接原因，非推断语气最强回答why的问题。2.since通常放句首译为“既然”3.as不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。4.for放句中，引导后半句表原因,或补充推断的理由。,.,1.because:因为,2.As:“由于”,表示较为明显的原因,语气弱Asyourequestit,Iwillcome.3.Since:”既然”表示对方已经知道的事实或理由Sinceeverybodyishere,letsbegin.4.nowthat：因为,既然已,现在已经NowthatIveseenhowhelives,Iknowwhyheneedssomuchmoney.,.,1.Idancedinfrontofthepeople_Ilikedit.2.Youdbetterwearstrongshoes_welldoalotofwalking.3._hewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim.4._everybodyknowaboutit,Idontwanttotalkanymore.5.Hemustbeill,_heisabsentToday.6.Somepeoplebelievethat_oilisrunningout,thefateofthemotorindustryisuncertain.,because,as,As,Since,for,since,.,牛刀小试(原因状语从句),Parentsshouldtakeseriouslytheirchildrensrequestsforsunglasses_eyeprotectionisnecessaryinsunnyweather.becauseB.thoughC.unlessD.if2._wehavefinishedthebookweshallstartdoingsomeexercises.FornowB.sincethatC.NowthatD.Sincenow3.-Whydidntheattendthemeeting?-_hethoughtitwasunimportant.SinceB.AsC.BecauseD.For4.UnlikewatchingTV,readingisahighlyactiveprocess_itrequiresattentionaswellasmemoryandimagination.A.forB.untilC.butD.unless,.,条件状语从句,.,1.表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。,条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),oncondition(只要),once(一旦),incase(假使),providing/provided(that)等。,e.g.a.WellcomeovertoseeyouonSaturdayifwehavetime.b.Weshouldservethepeopleas/solongaswelive.,4.条件状语从句,.,引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if,unless(=ifnot除非),so/aslongas（只要）,incase（万一）,onconditionthat（条件是）,suppose/supposing（假设，如果）,providedthat（如果）,.,1.Wewillbeabletogetthereontime,_ourcardoesntbreakdownontheroad.assoonasB.asfarasC.aslongasD.aswellas2.Intimeofseriousaccidents,_weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless3._youhavetriedit,youcantimaginehowpleasantitis.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When,.,Thelittleboywontgotosleep_hismothertellshimastory.OrB.unlessC.butD.whether2.Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday,_accompaniedbyanadult.OnceB.whenC.ifD.unless3.-Ourholidaycostalotofmoney.-Didit?Well,thatdoesntmatter_youenjoyedyourselves.A.AslongasB.unlessC.assoonasD.though,B,D,A,.,让步状语从句,.,让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。常用引导词：though,although,evenif,eventhough,nomatter+疑问词(what/who/where/when/which/how)疑问词-ever(whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever),特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，whetheror,whether()ornot,5.让步状语从句,.,一、although/though,evenif,eventhough引导让步状语从句,不能和but连用,Heisunhappy,though/althoughhehasalotofmoney.Although/thoughitwasraininghard,yettheywentonplayingfootball.Evenif/thoughitisraining,wewillgothere.,注意Though还可用作副词，意思为可是，然而，置于句末Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidnt,though.,.,though,although,判断以下句子是否正确：Althoughheisrich,butheisnothappy.Althoughheisrich,yetheisnothappy.Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentsstilltreatusaschildren.,要点归纳：though,although当“虽然”讲,都不能和but连用.但是他们都可以同yet(still)连用.,everif,eventhough,evenif和eventhough表示“”,即使,Wellmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.,.,nomatter+疑问词疑问词-ever,Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.,替换：nomatterwhat=whatevernomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhen=whenevernomatterwhere=wherevernomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however,判断正误：Nomatterwhatyousayisofnousenow.Whateveryousayisofnousenow.,归纳：nomatter+疑问词不能引导主语从句和宾语从句，而“疑问词+ever”则可以,.,_Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.sinceC.BeforeD.Unless2.Theworkersaredeterminedtogothroughwiththeirrailwayproject,_theexpenseshaverisen.A.aslongasB.eventhoughC.nowthatD.asthough3.Ireallywantthematch,howevermuch_.A.doesitcostB.costsitC.willitcostD.itcosts,.,4._wehavefinishedthecourse,weshallstartdoingmorerevisionwork.A.FornowB.NowthatC.BynowD.until5._,theideaofhavingtoworkunderawomandefeatedhim.A.WantingthejobverymuchB.AlthoughwantingthejobbadlyC.ThoughhewantedthejobverymuchD.Hewantedthejobbadly,.,1.Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,_theyaredifferentfromyourown.A.UntilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthough2.-Dad,Ivefinishedmyassignment.-Good,and_youplayorwatchTV,youmustntdisturbme.WheneverB.whetherC.whateverD.nomatter,B,B,.,_,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.HoweverlateisheB.HoweverheislateC.HoweverishelateD.howeverlateheis2.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnightssleep_muchworkyouhavetodo.HoweverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whatever,D,A,.,目的状语从句,.,引导目的状语从句的连词:,inorderthat,用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。,sothat,a.较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可分开，so有时可省;从句中要有情态动词,否则,就成为下一种句型：,b.无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。,forfearthat;incase;lest(以免)等。,6.目的状语从句,.,e.g.a.Wellsitnearerthefrontsothatwecanhearbetter.b.IshallwriteitdownlestIshouldforget.,注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用soastodo或inordertodo,e.g.Heranfastsothathemightarrivetherebeforetenoclock.,Heranfastsoastoarrivetherebeforetenoclock.,.,sothat:以便,目的是inorderthat:以便forfearthatLest以防,惟恐incase,inorderthat句首句中sothat句中,目的状语从句中谓语动词要用should+do,.,1.Takeyourumbrellaincaseitshouldrain.2.Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime.3.IshallwritedownyourtelephonenumbersothatImaynotforgetit.,.,Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor_youlockyourselfoutoneday.EversinceB.evenifC.soonafterD.incaseHestartedearly_hecouldgettherebeforenine.A.InorderthatB.becauseC.soastoD.inorderto,D,A,.,结果状语从句,.,结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由so,sothat,suchthat;sothat等引导。,a.SoquicklydidherunthatIcouldntcatchupwithhim.b.Thebusbrokedownsothatwehadtowalkhome.c.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.d.Hegottothestationfinally,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.,7.结果状语从句,.,sothat,suchthat,1.so+形容词/副词+that从句2.so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数that从句3.such+a/an形容词+可数名词单数+that从句4.such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that5.so+many/much/few/little+名词+thatSuch+alotof/lotsof+名词+that从句,.,1.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldntgotosleeplastnight.2.Itissuchaninterestingnovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.3.Itissointerestinganovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.,当So或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序,Sointerestingisitthatallofuswanttoreadit.,.,3.Mikeis_boythatwealllikehim.SogoodaB.agoodsoC.AsuchgoodD.suchgooda4.Hehas_littleeducationthathecantteach_littlechildren.so;suchB.too;suchC.a;soD.very;so,.,1.Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety_ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.A.AsB.thatC.whichD.where,B,.,比较状语从句,.,比较状语从句常由下列词语引导：asas,notso/asas,morethan,lessthan,themore+adj./adv.,themore+adj./adv.,a.Heisnotso/ashealthyashisbrother.b.Theyjumpedupanddownashardastheycould.c.JohnislesscleverthanPeter.d.Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.e.ThejobisnotsodifficultasIthoughtitwouldbe.f.Sendforadoctorassoonas(itis)possible.,9.比较状语从句,.,注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where和as为例，能引导多种从句。Youaretofinditwhereyouleftit.（地点状语从句）Tellmetheaddresswherehelives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）Idontknowwherehecamefrom.（宾语从句）Wherehehasgoneisnotknownyet.（主语从句）Thisplaceiswheretheyoncehid.（表语从句）,.,部分状语从句可用省略形式：evenif,if,once,while,though,unless,when,asifetc.Theflowerhisfriendsgavehimwilldieunless(itis)wateredeveryday.Evenif(Iam)invited,Iwontgothere.Once(youare)caughtsleepinginclass,youllbepunishedbyyourhead-teacher.Though(hewas)surprisedtoseeus,hegaveusawarmwelcome.Shewontspeaktoanyoneunless(sheis)askedto.When(itis)comparedwiththeoldone,ournewhouseisreallylikeapalace.Theseyoungmanvolunteeredtogowherever(theyare)needed.,.,“as”用于不同的状语从句中1.Shesangassheworked.2.Smartasheis,hedoesntstudyhard.3.YoumusttrytodoasIdid.4.ShedoesntdoherworkascarefullyasI.5.Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.,.,Rosesneedspecialcare_theycanlivethroughwinter.A.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.as2.Ifthingsareleft_theyare,theproblemswillneverbesettled,Imafraid.A.howB.asC.whatD.where3.Carefulsurveyshavepointedoutthatasmanyas50percentofthepatientsdonottakedrugs_directed.A.likeB.soC.whichD.as4.Idarenotgothere_myparentswillseeme.A.incaseofB.forfearofC.inorderthatD.forfearthat,.,同程度比较：As(so)as,thesameas,suchas,表示倍数的三个句型：Aistimesas+形容词原级+asB.Aistimesthe+抽象名词ofB.Aistimes+形容词比较级+thanB.,The+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越，越”Themoreyoutalked,thelessattentionhepaidtoyou.Thelongeryoustay,thebetteritwillbe.,.,2.HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot_anativespeaker.AsfluentasB.morefluentthanC.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan3._booksyouread,_youwillfeel.Themany;thehappyB.themore;thehappierC.themost;thehappiestD.more;happier,C,B,.,1.Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?（全国I卷）Idontmindwherewego_theressun,seaandbeach.asifB.aslongasC.nowthatD.inorderthat2.-Doyouhaveaminute?Ivegotsomethingtotellyou.-Ok,_youmakeitshort.（安徽卷）A.nowthatB.ifonlyC.solongasD.everytime