国际交流英语视听说BU外研社ppt课件.ppt

,Unit,4,MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,Book3,ThinkandDiscuss,ViewingtheWorld,ExploringtheTheme,AnalyticalListening,SharingYourIdeas,Engaging,FurtherListening,Content,Unit4MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,ThinkandDiscuss,Themaninthispictureissellingballoons.Doyouthinkhemadethemhimself?Doyouknowpeoplewhoareself-employed?Howdotheymakealiving?,AmansellsballoonsinabusyHanoiintersection.,Questions,ExampleAnswersThemanissellingballoons.Itseemsunlikelythathemadetheballoonshimselfsinceplasticballoonsliketheseareamanufacturedproduct.,Themaninthispictureissellingballoons.Doyouthinkhemadethemhimself?,Questions,Doyouknowpeoplewhoareself-employed?Howdotheymakealiving?,ExampleAnswersYes,Idoknowpeoplewhoareself-employed.AwomanIknowoperatesafoodcartwhereshesellshomemadefoodssuchassteamedporkbunsatlunchtime.AmanIknowisamechanic,andheownsarepairshopwherehefixesmotorcycles.No,Idontknowanyonewhoisself-employed.,Questions,ExploringtheTheme,Unit4MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,Lookatthephotosandreadthecaptions.Thendiscussthequestions.Whatisthedifferencebetweenentrepreneursandmembersofaco-op?WhataresomehandmadeproductsthataresoldinChina?Haveyoueverbeentoamarketliketheoneinthisphoto?Whatkindsofthingsweresoldthere?,MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,CrowdsgatherattheDjemaael-FnasquareinMarrakesh,Moroccoforfoodandentertainment.,MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,Entrepreneursstarttheirownsmallbusinesses,ormakeproductstosell.Thisphotoshowstextiles,whicharethemaincreativeartforminBhutan.,MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,Incooperativesorco-ops,farmersorworkersjointogethertocreateonelargebusiness.Theco-opmembersalsoownthebusiness.,MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,Whatisthedifferencebetweenentrepreneursandmembersofaco-op?,ExampleAnswersEntrepreneursareindividualswhostarttheirownbusinesses.Membersofaco-oparepeoplewhohavejoinedtogethertocreateabusinesswhichtheyowncollectively.,MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,WhataresomehandmadeproductsthataresoldinChina?,ExampleAnswersHandmadeproductsthataresoldinChinaincludejewelry,silkclothing,musicalinstruments,rugs,etc.,MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,Haveyoueverbeentoamarketliketheoneinthisphoto?Whatkindsofthingsweresoldthere?,ExampleAnswersYes,Ihavebeentoanightmarketliketheoneinthephoto.Peopleweresellingalotofinexpensiveclothing,snacksandsweets,andcellphonesandwatches.No,Ihaveneverbeentoanightmarket.,MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,AnalyticalListening,Unit4MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,MarshaNolan玛莎诺兰（人名）cobran.眼镜蛇snakebiten.毒蛇咬伤venomn.（蛇、昆虫等的）毒液antiveninn.抗蛇毒素；抗蛇毒血清,Listening1,Irulas:asmalltribeofpeoplewholiveinSouthernIndia.Irulashavetraditionallyworkedassnakeandratcatchers.伊鲁拉斯族,Listening1,WildlifeProtectionAct(ofIndia):anactoflegislationbythegovernmentofIndia.Itwasenactedin1972tohelpprotectcertainplantsandanimals.野生动物保护法,Listening1,Listening1,A|PriorKnowledge.Lookatthephotoandreadthecaption.ThenreadandlistentothearticleaboutanunusualcooperativeinIndia.,BeforeListening,Listening1,ThesemembersoftheIrulatribeinIndiacatchsnakesand“milk”themfortheirvenom.,A|PriorKnowledge.,Listening1,SnakeHuntersFindCureforJoblessnessMostpeoplerunawaywhentheyseeapoisonoussnakebutnottheIrulasofIndia.Forgenerations,theIrulasmadetheirlivingcatchingwildsnakes.Thesnakesskinsweresoldandmadeintoluxurygoodssuchashandbagsandboots.Thenin1972,theIndianParliamentadoptedtheWildlifeProtectionAct,andthebasisoftheIrulaseconomywassuddenlyillegal.SomeIrulasgotjobsasfarmlaborers,butmanyfoundthemselvesoutofwork.,Tobecontinued,A|PriorKnowledge.,Listening1,Thesolutioncamein1978withthecreationoftheIrulaSnakeCatchersIndustrialCooperativeSociety,whosemembersusetheirsnakehuntingskillstocatchsnakes.However,thesnakesarenolongersoldfortheirskins.Thecooperativehasfoundabetteruseforthedangeroussnakes.,B|Discussion.Formagroupwithtwoorthreeotherstudentsanddiscussthequestions.,Listening1,1.Forgenerations,howdidtheIrulasofIndiamaketheirliving?2.WhydidthebasisoftheIrulaseconomysuddenlybecomeillegalin1972?3.Insteadofbeingkilledfortheirskins,canyouguesshowthesnakesarebeingusednow?4.Whatdoyouthinkmightbesomeofthebenefitsofthischange?,ExampleAnswersTheycaughtwildsnakesandsoldtheirskinstobemadeintoluxurygoods.,1.Forgenerations,howdidtheIrulasofIndiamaketheirliving?,Listening1,ExampleAnswersTheIndianParliamentadoptedtheWildlifeProtectionAct(newlawstoprotectwildlife).,2.WhydidthebasisoftheIrulaseconomysuddenlybecomeillegalin1972?,Listening1,ExampleAnswersPerhapsthesnakesarebeingsoldtothegovernmentandmovedtootherpartsofthecountry,ormaybethesnakesarebeingstudiedandfilmedfornatureshows.,3.Insteadofbeingkilledfortheirskins,canyouguesshowthesnakesarebeingusednow?,Listening1,ExampleAnswersThebenefitsofthischangecouldbethattheenvironmentisinamorenaturalbalance,withsnakesbeingaliveinsteadofdead,andtherecouldbesomekindofbenefitfortheIrulapeople,who“havefoundabetteruseforthedangeroussnakes”.,4.Whatdoyouthinkmightbesomeofthebenefitsofthischange?,Listening1,C|CriticalThinking.Workwithapartner.Thinkofapossiblespeakerandsituationforeachspeakingpurpose.,Listening1,1.TogiveinformationAlecturebyauniversityprofessor2.Topersuadeyoutodosomething_3.Toentertainyou_4.Tochangeyouropinion_,Listening1,ExampleAnswers2.ATVcommercialforaproductorchildrentryingtoconvincetheirparentstodosomething3.Anactorperforminginamovieorsomeonetellingafunnystoryataparty4.Apoliticianexplainingwhytheyareabettercandidatethantheiropponentorafriendexplainingwhycertaininformationyoufoundonlineisactuallyfalse,A|ListeningforMainIdeas.Readthequestions.ThenlistentoatalkabouttheIrulaco-opandanswerthequestions.,AGuestSpeaker,Listening,Listening1,1.Whoisthespeaker?_2.Whoistheaudience?_3.HowdidtheadoptionoftheWildlifeProtectionActinIndiaaffectthelivesoftheIrulapeople?_,Tobecontinued,A|ListeningforMainIdeas.,Listening1,4.WhatbroughttheIrulasbackinthesnakebusiness?Andhowdotheyruntheirbusinesstoday?_5.Whatisthespeakerspurposeofdeliveringthisspeech?_,Listening1,Answerkeys1.SheisMarshaNolan,aguestspeakerandthedirectorofWorldwideCo-op.2.Theaudienceisadiversegroupofpeoplewhowanttoprotectdifferentanimalspecies.3.TheIrulapeoplecouldnolongerselltheskinsofsnakes,sotheirpovertybecamemoreextreme.,Tobecontinued,Listening1,AnswerKeys(continued)4.TheIrulasbecameentrepreneurs.Theycaughtsnakesfortheirvenom,whichisusedtoproduceantivenintheonlyknowncureforpoisonoussnakebites.TheyformedtheIrulaSnakeCatchersIndustrialCooperativeSociety.Thisbusinessisruncooperatively.5.ThespeakerspurposeistogiveinformationsincetheideasbehindtheIrulasco-op,inotherwordsusingwildanimalsinasustainableway,canbeusedinmanyplaces.,B|GivingOpinions.CompareyouranswersinexerciseAwithyourpartners.Explainthereasonsforyouranswertoquestion5.,Listening1,Listening1,ExampleAnswersThespeakertellsthestoryoftheIrulapeople,sosheisclearlysharinginformation.Thespeakeralsomakesasuggestion,sohersecondpurposemaybetopersuade:“Ifendangeredanimalsinyourcountryarebeingkilledandsold,itsimportanttounderstandthereasonstheeconomicbenefitsthatcomefromkillingtheanimals.Youmightfindanotherway,someotherwayforpeopletoearnevenmoremoneythanbeforebynotkillingtheanimals.”,C|ListeningforDetails.Readthestatementsandanswerchoices.Thenlistenagainandchoosethecorrectwordorphrasetocompleteeachstatement.,Tobecontinued,1.Accordingtothespeaker,WorldwideCo-opoffers_tocooperativeenterprises.a.loansb.supportc.healthinsurance2.Eachyear,_peopleinIndiadiefromsnakebites.a.20,000b.30,000c.40,000,Listening1,b,b,C|ListeningforDetails.,3.Thespeakerencouragestheaudiencememberstoassesstheirownsituationsinordertounderstandthereasonswhy_.a.wildlifearebeingkilledb.peopleareearningmorethanbeforec.snakesarebeingmilkedfortheirvenom4.Accordingtothespeaker,WorldwideCo-ophasinformationresources,including_.a.booksb.journalarticlesc.aWebsite,Listening1,a,c,CriticalThinking.Formagroupwithanotherpairofstudents.Thinkofanendangeredanimalthatisbeingkilledbyhumans.Discusswhytheanimalisbeingkilled.Thenthinkofanotherwaythatpeoplemightearnmoneyfromtheanimal.,Listening1,AfterListening,Listening1,ExampleAnswersA:Otherendangeredanimalsthatarebeingkilledbyhumansincludegorillas,whicharesoldasmeat,andsharks,whosefinsarecutoffandsoldtomakesoup.Wildcatssuchastigersandleopardsarekilledfortheirskins.B:Ineachcase,peoplearoundtheworldareinterestedinlearningabouttheseanimalsandseeingtheminthewild.Takingandsellingfilmsandphotographsorleadingwildlifetoursmightbealternativewaystomakemoneyfromthem.,A|MostpeoplerunawaywhentheyseeapoisonoussnakebutnottheIrulasofIndia.Forgenerations,theIrulasmadetheirlivingcatchingwildsnakes.Thesnakesskinsweresoldandmadeintoluxurygoodssuchashandbagsandboots.Thenin1972,theIndianParliamentadoptedtheWildlifeProtectionAct,andthebasisoftheIrulaseconomywassuddenlyillegal.SomeIrulasgotjobsasfarmlaborers,butmanyfoundthemselvesoutofwork.,Tobecontinued,Listening1,Thesolutioncamein1978withthecreationoftheIrulaSnakeCatchersIndustrialCooperativeSociety,whosemembersusetheirsnakehuntingskillstocatchsnakes.However,thesnakesarenolongersoldfortheirskins.Thecooperativehasfoundabetteruseforthedangeroussnakes.,Listening1,A|inotherwords,togiveinformationtotheaudience.,AClassQuestionandAnswerSessionA|ListeningforDetails.Listentotheclassquestionandanswersessionandcompletethequestionsthatthestudentsask.,Listening,Listening2,Question1:Doyouknowwhether_?Answer:_,Tobecontinued,people,reallyusethemoneyforimportantthings,Peoplelivinginpovertymake,verygooddecisionsabouthowtospendtheirmoney.Theyalmostneverbuythingstheydontneed.,A|ListeningforDetails.,Listening2,Question2:Canyoupleaseexplainwhy_?Answer:_,Tobecontinued,youdont,askpeopletoworkforthemoney,Mostpeoplewhoareliving,inpovertyarealreadyworkingveryhard.,A|ListeningforDetails.,Listening2,Question3:Idliketoknowwhowhy_?Answer:_,Tobecontinued,makes,decisionsaboutthemoney,Incashtransferprograms,moneyis,giventoaslargeagroupaspossible-often,togovernment,infact.Orthesamepayment,mightbemadetoeveryadultinacertainvillage.,Theideaisthatfinancialdecisionsaremadelocally.,A|ListeningforDetails.,Listening2,Question4:Iwaswonderinghow_?Answer:_,Tobecontinued,getthingslikenewschoolsandroads,communities,Manypeopleintheworldunderstandthe,conceptofgivingalittlemoneytocharityifyoucanand,lettingthecharityfigureoutwhattodowithit.Andthat,mightbethebestwaytogetthereallybigprojectsdone.,B|Note-Taking.Listenagainandtakebriefnotesontheguestspeakersanswerstothestudentsquestions.,Listening2,Listening2,ExampleAnswerspeoplereallyusethemoneyforimportantthingsyoudontaskpeopletoworkforthemoneymakesdecisionsaboutthemoneycommunitiesgetthingslikenewschoolsandroads,B|Professor:OK,letsgetstarted.Todayisourquestionandanswersessionwithourguestspeaker,DonaldYates,whohasquiteabitofexperiencewithcharityorganizations.Thisisyourchancetohavesomeofyourquestionsanswered,soletsnotwasteanytime.Mr.Yates?GuestSpeaker:Hi,everyone.I,Idliketostartbythankingyouforinvitingmehere.Imalwayshappytogetoutoftheoffice.Yourprofessorsright.Iveworkedforseveralcharitableorganizationsovertheyears.NowImmoreinterestedinthecashtransferprograms,sothatswhatIm,Imdoingmyresearchonnow.Whodliketoaskthefirstquestion?,Listening2,AfterListening,Listening2,CriticalThinking.Discussthequestionswithapartner.1.Isthespeakerworkingforacharityorganizationnow?2.Doyouthinkthespeakerisareliablesourceofinformation?Whyorwhynot?3.WhatdoyouthinkcharitableorganizationscandotohelpimprovethelivesofthepoorinChina?,Listening2,InAceh,Indonesia,newhouseswerebuiltbyacharityorganizationforsurvivorsofthe2004tsunami.,ExampleAnswersWeknowthatthespeakeriscurrentlydoingresearchoncashtransferprograms.Hemightbeassociatedwithauniversity,orhemightbedoingtheresearchforanonprofitorcharitableorganization.Wedontknowforsure.,1.Isthespeakerworkingforacharityorganizationnow?,Listening2,ExampleAnswersIthinkthespeakerisareliablesourceofinformationbecausehehasalotofexperiencewithcharityorganizations.Heunderstandshowtheyoperate.Idontthinkthespeakerisareliablesourceofinformation.Hehasworkedforcharityorganizations;therefore,heprobablyhasafavorableopinionofsuchorganizations.Hesunlikelytosayanythingnegativeaboutthem.,2.Doyouthinkthespeakerisareliablesourceofinformation?Whyorwhynot?,Listening2,ExampleAnswersToimprovethelivesofpoorpeopleinChina,charitableorganizationscouldraisemoneytothefundaimingtoprovidesheltersandnecessitiestothepoor.Theycouldalsohelpthepoorhaveaccesstoeducationandtraining.Someorganizationsofferfreemedicalcaretothepoor.,3.WhatdoyouthinkcharitableorganizationscandotohelpimprovethelivesofthepoorinChina?,Listening2,A|&B|FemaleProfessor:OK,letsgetstarted.Todayisourquestionandanswersessionwithourguestspeaker,DonaldYates,whohasquiteabitofexperiencewithcharityorganizations.Thisisyourchancetohavesomeofyourquestionsanswered,soletsnotwasteanytime.Mr.Yates?GuestSpeaker:Hi,everyone.I,Idliketostartbythankingyouforinvitingmehere.Imalwayshappytogetoutoftheoffice.Yourprofessorsright.Iveworkedforseveralcharitableorganizationsovertheyears.NowImmoreinterestedinthecashtransferprograms,sothatswhatIm,Imdoingmyresearchonnow.Whodliketoaskthefirstquestion?,Tobecontinued,Listening2,FemaleStudent1:Yes,withcashtransferprograms,doyou,doyouknowwhetherpeoplereallyusethemoneyforimportantthings?Imean,itseemslikepeoplemightnotspendthemoneyresponsibly.GuestSpeaker:A.alotofpeopleaskmethat,butaccordingtomyresearch,peoplelivinginpovertymakeverygooddecisionsabouthowtospendtheirmoney.Theyalmostneverbuythingstheydontneed.Instead,mothersbuythingsfortheirchildrenschooluniformsornotebookse,evenmedicine.Orafarmermightbuyanewtooltohelpwiththeharvest.Withcashtransferprograms,poorpeoplethemselvesdecidewhattheyneedthemost,sotheoutcomesoftheseprogramshavebeenverygood.Yes?,Tobecontinued,Listening2,MaleStudent1:Yes,sir.Canyoupleaseexplainwhyyoudontaskpeopletoworkforthemoney?Iguess,Idbeafraidthatifpeople,peoplegottheirpaymentsfornothing,theywouldntusethemoneywell.GuestSpeaker:Well,thefactis,mostpeoplewhoarelivinginpovertyarealreadyworkingveryhard.Weretalkingaboutmotherswithchildren,familieswithcropstotakecareof,workingpeoplewithtwoorthreejobs.Forthem,alittleextracashisverymuchappreciated!Theyrenotgoingtowasteitonsomethingtheydontneed.Nextquestion?,Listening2,Tobecontinued,FemaleStudent2:Idliketoknowwhomakesdecisionsaboutthemoney.Imean,youcantgivemoneytoeveryonesomeonehastodecidewhoshouldgetit.GuestSpeaker:Well,incashtransferprograms,moneyisgiventoaslargeagroupaspossibleoftentogovernments,infact.Orthesamepaymentmightbemadetoeveryadultinacertainvillage.Theideaisthatfinancialdecisionsaremadelocally.Charityorganizationsthatcomeinfromoutsidemightnotbethebestpeopletomakethosedecisions.Timeforonelastquestion.,Listening2,Tobecontinued,MaleStudent2:I,Iwaswonderinghowcommunitiesgetthingslikenewschoolsandroads.Imean,peopleneedthosetoo,butyoucantbuythemwithsmallamountsofcash.GuestSpeaker:Ah.Thatsreallythefundamentalquestionwhatworksbestwhenitcomestofightingpoverty?Manypeopleintheworldunderstandtheconceptofgivingalittlemoneytocharityifyoucanandlettingthecharityfigureoutwhattodowithit.Andthatmightbethebestwaytogetthereallybigprojectsdone.Ontheotherhand,Iveheardofvillagespoolingtheirmoneytobuildnewirrigationsystems,sowerereallyjuststartingtolearnwhatworksbest.,Listening2,SharingYourIdeas,Unit4MakingaLiving,MakingaDifference,Whenwearelisteningtosomeone,itisimportanttoshowthemthatweareinterestedandpayingattentiontowhattheyaresaying.Usingexpressionslikethesecanalsohelptokeepaconversationgoing.,Tobecontinued,Moreformal:Howinteresting!Ididntknowthat!Lessformal:Wow!Cool!Thatsgreat!,A|Makethesequestionsforaprofessormorepolitebyrewritingthemasindirectquestionsinyournotebook.,1.Wheredoesthecashforthepaymentscomefrom?2.Whenwillthefinalexambegiven?3.ArethereanypoorpeopleinJapan?4.WhydidyougivemeaConthispaper?5.HowmuchmoneydoelderlypeopleinNamibiaget?6.Whoisthedirectorofthatorganization?,ExampleAnswers1.Canyoupleaseexplainwherethecashforthepaymentscomesfrom?2.Idliketoknowwhenthefinalexamwillbegiven.3.IwaswonderingwhetherthereareanypoorpeopleinJapan.4.CanyoupleaseexplainwhyyougavemeaConthispaper?5.CanyoutellmehowmuchmoneyelderlypeopleinNamibiaget?6.Doyouknowwhothedirectorofthatorganizationis?,B|Imagineaspeakeriscomingtoyourclass(youcanchoosethetopic).Withapartner,brainstormalistofquestionsyouwouldliketoaskhimorher,andturnthemintoindirectquestions.Talkaboutpossibleanswers.,ExampleAnswersSpeakersTopic:TheGiantPandaQuestions:Wheredogiantpandaslive?Whyaregiantpandasendangered?Howcanpeoplelearnmoreaboutgiantpandas?,Tobecontinued,ExampleAnswers(continued)SpeakersTopic:TheGiantPandaIndirectQuestions:Idliketoknowwheregiantpandalive.Canyouexplainwhygiantpandasareendangered?Iwaswonderinghowpeoplecanlearnmoreaboutgiantpandas.,Tobecontinued,ExampleAnswers(continued)SpeakersTopic:TheGiantPandaPossibleAnswers:Theyliveinthemountains,mostlyinSichuanprovince.Theyreendangeredbecausetheirhabitatisdestroyedbypeople.Youcanfindalotofinformationonline.,C|Role-playyourdiscussionfromexerciseB.UseexpressionsfromtheStudenttoStudentboxtoshowinterestinwhatthespeakerissaying.,ExampleAnswersSpeaker:Imabiologist,andIspecializeinthepandafamily.Therearetwomaintypesofpandabear:thesmallerredpandathatlivesintheHimalayasandthegiantpandafromChina.Audience:Howinteresting!Speaker:Imheretodaytoansweranyquestionsyoumighthaveaboutpandas.Whohasaquestion?,Tobecontin