Adverbs副词ppt课件.ppt

Adverbs,1,Outline,1.副词的构成2.副词的分类3.副词的功能4.副词的位置5.副词的排列顺序6.副词的比较等级7.易混淆副词8.练习题9.Homework,2,副词的构成,一、大部分副词由相应的形容词加后缀-ly构成，但注意有变化：happyhappilysubtlesubtlytruetrulylooselooselydemocraticdemocraticallypublicpubliclydulldully,3,副词的构成,二、有些副词是由介词或地点名词加后缀“-ward（s）”构成的，意为“向”，例如：forward(s),downward(s),northward(s),leftward(s),onward(s),sunward(s),inward(s),4,副词的构成,三、某些以名词+-ly构成的词和其他结构的词，既可作副词，也可作形容词。例如：hourly,weekly,yearly,leisurelydailypapervs.publishdailyquarterlyreviewvs.meetquarterly,5,副词的构成,四、有些副词是由名词加后缀“-wise”构成的，表示位置、方向、状态、有关等意义。例如：sidewiseclockwisecrabwisecoastwise,6,副词的构成,五、有些副词是加a-/here-/there-/where-构成。例如：awayashoreafootafarhereinherebythereafterwhereonwhereby,7,副词的分类（参考课本第405418页）,时间副词：now,lately,sofar地点副词:here,there,out方式副词:hard,well,fast,slowly程度副词:very,quite,almost,badly频率副词:usually,constantly,rarely疑问副词:how,where,when,why连接副词:however,therefore,why关系副词:where,when,why句子副词:anyway,naturally,please,8,副词的分类,DowningStreethassofarrefusedtocommentonthesereports.Thereportsshewasgettingwerehighlysatisfactory.Illneverforgethissurprisewhenwetoldhim.Sheisconstantlychanginghermind.,时间副词,程度副词,连接副词,频率副词,9,副词的分类,Theweatherwascold.Therefore(Thus),westayedhome.ThatswhyIcried.Butmypride,unfortunately,wasthekindthatgoesbeforeafall.,连接副词,连接副词,句子副词,10,副词的功能,1.作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词（短语）、限定词（代词或副词）或整个句子。Theycompletelyignoredmyviews.Hefeelskindoftired.Hedrivesextremelycarefully.Shefailedentirelythroughherownfault.Weneedapproximatelyfivestudentshere.Hopefullywecangetthisdonebeforedark.,修饰动词,修饰形容词,修饰副词,修饰介词,修饰句子,修饰数词,11,副词的功能,2.Hewasuplatelastnight.Oneofthetyresisdown.作表语，说明主语的状态或特征。3.Thebuildingsaroundareofmodernstyle.Onlyshecouldcome.作定语，常放在名词之后，代词之前。,12,副词的功能,Youcanleavethegoodsanywherebuthere.(介词宾语)Itwasaquietnight,withthemoonhighupinthesky.(宾语补足语)Iwenttoherroomonlytofindherout.Ididntknowheruntilquiterecently.,13,副词的位置频率副词,1.Ioftenseeherwalkinthepark.Youshouldconstantlyreviewyourlessons.Conclusion:频率副词置于行为动词之前，系动词、情态动词及助动词之后。,14,副词的位置程度副词,Icanhardlybelievewhathesaid.Henearlygotrunoverbyacar.Itisdreadfullycoldthatday.程度副词置于行为动词及其它所修饰词之前，系动词、情态动词及助动词之后。Exercisesanddifficultpoints:Iquitedontunderstandhim.Idontquiteunderstandhim.,我完全不了解他。,我不十分了解他,15,副词的位置方式副词,方式副词一般放在动词后，但要注意在SVO句型中，若宾语较长，常把副词置于动词之前，以免造成歧义。例如：Theysecretlydecidedtoleavethetown.Theydecidedtoleavethetownsecretly.,16,副词的位置地点副词和时间副词,地点和时间副词通常置于句首或句尾，几个地点状语连用时，大地方放在最后。Shewasalwayssittingbythestatueatthecenteroftheparkinthecity.,17,副词的排列次序,1.地点副词时间副词方式副词时间副词方式副词地点副词时间副词（有时，时间副词亦可放在句首）e.g.ShesangbeautifullyinthehalllastFriday.方式地点时间,18,副词的排列顺序,2.具体的笼统的小的大的Isawtheprogramattenoclockyesterdayevening.确切时间具体时间TheyateinaChineserestaurantinLondon.小地点大地点但：Wehearditlastnight,atabout11oclock.(补充),19,副词的排列次序练习题1,A:_.B:SodidI.A.IsawherlastSundayatthepartyB.IsawheratthepartylastSundayC.AtthepartyIsawherlastSundayD.AtthepartylastSundayIsawher,B,20,副词的排列顺序练习题2,Afterthefuneral,theresidentsoftheapartmentbuilding_.A:sentfaithfullyflowerseachweektothecemetery.B:senttothecemeteryeachweekflowersfaithfully.C:sentflowersfaithfullytothecemeteryeachweek.D:senteachweekfaithfullytothecemeteryflowers.,C,21,副词的比较等级构成,单音节和个别双音节副词通过加后-er，-est构成比较级和最高级。highhigherhighestfastfasterfastest绝大多数副词借助more，most构成比较级和最高级clearlymoreclearlymostclearlyeasilymoreeasilymosteasilyslowlymoreslowlymostslowly,22,副词的比较等级构成,少数副词的比较等级的变化是不规则的far（远）farther较远farthest(最远的）further（进一步）furthest（最远的）late（迟）later（较迟）latest最近（时间）latter（后者）last最近（顺序）,23,副词的原级句型,A+动词（实义动词）+as+副词的原级+asB.Shelovestheschoolasmuchasherownhome.Icantspeakso（as）fastasyou.注意：asas结构后要直接跟表示时间、距离等的名词，不可加入介词。例如：Thepoemwaswrittenasearlyasinthe15thcentury.误Thepoemwaswrittenasearlyasthe15thcentury.正,24,副词的比较级句型,1.A+动词（实义动词）+副词的比较级+than+B.Igotupearlierthanmymotherthismorning.Shedrivesmorecarefullythanherhusband.2.在下面句子中的than可以看作关系代词，有时相当于thanwhat。Hemeantmorethanwassaid.Themedicineismoreeffectivethanisexpected.Translation:他现在拥有的房子比以前的更好。,Hehasnowabetterhousethan(what)belongedtohimbefore.,25,副词的最高级句型,A+动词（实义动词）+（the）副词的最高级+of（in）注意：副词的最高级前面可以不加定冠词the，所有副词最高级前面的the都可以省略。Tomcanrun（the）fastestinmyschool.Shecandance（the）bestofall.好。Ijumped（the）farthestinmyclass.,26,27,28,2)alternately,alternativelyalternately指两者交替或轮流；alternatively指两者或两者以上中选择其一。Themanageris_kindandsevere.Youmay_saylightedorlitoralight.,alternately,alternatively,29,30,31,32,Exercises,1.IarrivedattheairportsolatethatI_missedtheplane.A.onlyB.quiteC.narrowlyD.seldom2.Maryis_thanAlice.A.moreexperiencedateacherB.amoreexperiencedteacherC.moreanexperiencedteacherD.moreexperiencedteacher,C,B,33,3.Sherememberedseveraloccasionsinthepast_shehadexperiencedasimilarfeeling.A.whichB.beforeC.thatD.when4.Itisnotsomuchthelanguage_theculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.A.butB.norC.asD.like,D,C,34,5.Thereoughttobelessanxietyovertheperceivedriskofmountainclimbingthan_inthepublicmindtoday.A.existsB.existC.existingD.toexist6.Theexperimentrequiresmoremoneythan_.A.havebeenputinB.beingputinC.hasbeenputinD.tobeputin,A,C,35,5.Theveteransspentayearinthehospital;Aconsequentlytheyemergedwellentirely.BCD,D,36,D,B,A,A,37,A,B,B,A,C,D,38,C,B,B,A,C,39,A.nolessB.nomoreC.notlessD.noso18.Sherememberedseveraloccasionsinthepastshehadexperiencedasimilarfeeling.A.WhichB.beforeC.thatD.when19.Langua