完形填空解题技巧-1ppt课件

.,完形填空解题技巧,.,完形填空考查的目的,完型填空的测试目的并不是语篇中的单项填空，也不仅仅是在语篇中考查语法，而是考查语篇意义的连贯性和运用语言的准确性，以及我们对上下文的精细理解和缜密的逻辑判断能力，只有在吃透文章意思的基础上，才能准确地推断出每一空格的准确信息.,高考英语完形填空考查热点,热点1语篇理解,热点2逻辑推理，归纳概括,热点3情景运用，常识应用,热点4上下文联系,热点5词语辨析,.,上下文语境(逻辑、提示词),根据常识及文化背景,作者的写作意图、情感及态度,完型填空解题步骤：,完形填空的解题技巧,1）根据上下文语境解题,5）根据生活常识及文化背景解题,4）根据词语固定搭配及辨析解题,2）根据句段间的逻辑推理关系解题,3)根据词汇的复现解题,.,1）上下文语境,把具体的语言知识溶进具体的语言情景中去，考查考生通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。这种考查方式所占的比例较大，且难度也大，若单纯从句子或个别段落来分析，或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的，若放在全局，则不一定正确。因此，快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。,.,例1：Iclimbedthestairsslowly,carryingabigsuitcase,myfatherfollowingwithtwomore.BythetimeIgottothethirdfloor,Iwas1andthesametimefeelinglonely.Worsestill,Dad2astepandfell,sendingmynewsuitcaserollingdownthestairs.1.A.helplessB.lazyC.anxiousD.tired2.A.tookB.mindedC.missedD.picked,.,例2:ButEllaFant,whowasfilledwith1,shoutedatthetopofhervoice,Lookat2TheyrealloutofstepexceptmyJohnIsnthethebest1.A.sadnessB.happinessC.surpriseD.regret2.A.themB.herC.thatD.him,.,2）句际间的逻辑推理关系,完形填空中的任何一句话往往都不是孤立存在的，而是要靠上下问作依托，看前因后果才能确立的。它涉及到文章的起承转合、上下连贯。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻辑关系的理解，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对比关系等。,.,例1：IthasbeenmanyyearssinceIwaslastinLondon,_Istillremembersomethingthathappenedduringthatvisit.A.andB.forC.butD.as,例2：Atransistorradioissometimesverysmall.Itisveryeasytocarry48,radiobroadcastsarebetterforblindpeople.48.A.BesidesB.HoweverC.YetD.Sometimes,.,例3andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange38quitepleasanttaste.38.A.besidesB.butC.andD.or,例4：Theyaresomeofthepoorestpeopleinapovertystrickencountry.53,nowtheyhaveanextrasourceofincome.53.A.ButB.AndC.HoweverD.Therefore,.,3)词汇的复现,“词汇的复现”是指某一词以原词、同义词或近义词、概括词以及其他形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义是使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。大体上说，词汇的复现包括：原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、概括词复现和注释性复现。,.,例1：Ithasbeenarguedbysomethatgiftedchildrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.The_hasbeenonthebeliefthatinregularclassesthesechildrenareheldbackintheirintellectual(智力的)growthbylearningsituationthathasdesignedforthe_children.1.A.principleB.theoryC.argumentsD.classification2.A.smartB.curiousC.matureD.average,.,例2：Manyareconcernedthatgiftedchildrenbecomeboredandloseinterestinlearning.Howeverthis_ismoreoftenfromparentsandteachersthanfromstudents,andsomeofthese_simplyconcludethatspecialclassesshouldbesetupforthosewhoare_.11.A.concernB.conclusionC.reflectionD.interest12.A.studentsB.adultsC.scholarsD.teachers13.A.talentedB.worriedC.learnedD.interested,.,4)词语固定搭配及辨析,完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两个方面。习惯用法是英语中某些固定的结构形态，不能随意变动。所以，考生应掌握习惯用法，用它来分析破解完形填空题或许可算得上是一件秘密武器。词义辨析题的比重有加大的趋势。要做好这类题目，非得有较大的词汇量、较强的词语搭配能力。,.,例1：Haveyoueverregretteddoingsomethingyoushouldnthavedoneorsomethingyoudidntdothatyoushouldhave?Atonetimeoranotherweprobablyallhave.Theresno_ingettingdepressedaboutitnow-itsno_cryingoverspiltmilk.AreasonBpurposeCpointDresultAuseBhelpCvalueDbenefit,.,例2:TheotherdayIwassittinginasmallrestauranthavingaquietdrinkandatalkwithafewfriendswhenitsuddenly1methatalmosteveryoneintherestaurantwassmoking.Itwasntlong2thewholeroomwasfilledwithsmoke.1.A.seemedB.struckC.sankD.showed2.A.agoB.afterC.beforeD.now,.,5)生活常识及文化背景知识,完形填空题以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，其间无不渗透着各类相关的常识与知识。考生做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺理成章地选出正确的答案。因此，这就要求考生平时注意知识的积累，并加强不同学科间的知识融合，有意识地了解一些英语国家的文化背景知识，这对英语学习和应试将大有帮助。,.,例1：,shewasalwayswaitingatthebusstoparound8:00.On39days,sheworeheavyclothesandapairofwoolengloves.39.A.sunnyB.rainyC.cloudyD.snowy,例2：Immediately)theofficersjumpedintotheircarsandrushedtothehospital.A.animalB.biggestC.plantD.nearest,.,例3：.Onethingwealldonowandagainistoloseour54withafriendandcloserelatives.Theoddthingisthatwemoreoftendisplaygreat55towardssomeonewearefondofthantowards56.(2002上海卷）54.A.mindB.memoryC.mannerD.temper55.A.angerB.interestC.loveD.respect56.A.strangersB.friendsC.relativesD.colleagues,在日常生活中人们通常会对亲戚朋友或者自己发脾气，但却不在陌生人身上。加上morethan的句型，则可以判断出答案了。,.,完形填空解题思路第一步重视首句，把握开篇。完形填空一般无标题，首句一般不留空白，是完整的一句，全文信息从此开始。细读首句，可判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨。第二步速读全文，掌握大意。速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格、生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去。读时要注意找出关键词、中心词，划出某些代表人物和情节的词，以便于形成思路。要注意不要在未掌握大意的基础上，边阅读，边做题，这样速度慢、准确率低。,.,第三步瞻前顾后，灵活答题。“瞻前顾后”，即先读所填词的句子，回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果能够立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐个考证其余答案。如答案一时难以确定，可按空格位置，从语法结构、词语搭配、上下文语境、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐项分析试填。排除干扰项，从而确定正确答案。第四步复核全文，调整答案。把填好的短文通读一遍，进行核查同时注意上下文的一致性：以及段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。这次复核至关重要，常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。同时对极难确定的答案，也要凭语感选一个，决不可不选。,.,Practicemakesperfect!,.,thankyou,Thankyou!,.,Aredreamsofanyusetothedreamerortoanybodyelse?Wemayrememberthetravelerwho_1_theshipWaratahatDurbanbecauseofhisterrible_2_.TheWaratahlaterdisappearedentirely,witheveryoneon_3_.Thetravelersdreamshelpedhimandsavedhimfrom_4_,buttheydidnthelptheotherpeople.Whywasthismantreated_5_fromeveryoneelse?,1.A.leftB.gotC.droveD.enter2.A.ideasB.suggestionsC.dreamsD.words3.A.boardB.shipC.seaD.deck4.A.lifeB.deathC.illnessD.disease5.A.similarlyB.differentlyC.strangelyD.unfortunately,left,board,death,differently,dreams,.,Anotherman_6_hadadreamabouttheBlackForestinGermany.Inhisdreamhewaswalkingintheforest_7_twomenranoutandtriedtothrowhimtothe_8_.Heranoffasfastashecould,buttheyfollowed.Hereachedaplace_9_hesawtwo_10_roadsinfrontofhim,onetotherightandtheothertotheleft.Whichroadoughtheto_11_?,6.A.aloneB.onceC.stillD.even7.A.whileB.asC.beforeD.when8.A.floorB.earthC.soilD.ground9.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.who10.A.sameB.separateC.dividedD.crossed11.A.takeB.bringC.carryD.go,句型,下文有暗示,宾语,separate,where,ground,when,once,take,.,Heheardthetwomen_12_him,gettingnearerandatthesametimeheheardavoiceinhisear.Ittoldhimtogotothe_13_,andhedidso.Heranonandsooncametoasmallhotel.Hewas_14_herekindlyandgivenaroom,andsohewas_15_fromthetwomen.Thatwasthedream.,12.A.nexttoB.infrontofC.besideD.behind13.A.houseB.hotelC.leftD.right14.A.acceptedB.receivedC.refusedD.closed15.A.killedB.murderedC.savedD.robbed,behind,right,下文有暗示,received,saved