人教版英语必修四-Unit1单词详解

WordsandExpressions,必修四Unit1,1.achievement/n./成就，功绩,asenseofachievement成就感u.achievev.实现-achievementn.成就realise/achieveonesdreamexcitev.使兴奋-excitementn.兴奋governv.管理-governmentn.政府arguev.争吵-argumentn.争吵，争论treatv.对待-treatmentn.对待,2.campaign/n./运动；战役;/v./作战,acampaignfor为了的运动acampaignagainst反对的运动eg.Theystartedacampaignforequalrights.他们发起了一项争取平等权利的运动。(2)vi.参加运动；作战；campaignfor参加争取的运动campaignagainst参加反对的运动,3.condition/n.C/条件;/n.U/状况，状态；,身体健康是获得成功的条件之一。Heathisoneofthemostimportantconditionsofachievingsuccess.beingood/poor/excellentcondition处于好的/差的/极棒的状态中Sheisoftenintopcondition.Imreallyoutofcondition.,4.behave/v./举动；（举止或行为）表现,eg.Imsorryaboutlastnight-Ibehavedlikeachild.对不起，昨天晚上我表现得太幼稚了。eg.Behaveyourself,youngman.年轻人，规矩些！(1)behaveoneself守规矩，表现得体；(2)well-behaved/adj./表现好的badly-behaved/adj./表现差的,3.behave/v./举动；（举止或行为）表现,ubehaviour/n./举止；行为；习性；eg.Theboywaswell-behavedatthebanquetandeveryonepraisedhisproperbehaviour.这个男孩在宴会上表现很好，因此每个人都表扬他恰当的举止.behaveoneself守规矩behavewell/badly(towardssb.)(对某人)态度/举止好/恶劣beononesbestbehavior举止规矩,4.devote/vt./把.奉献，把专用于,1)devoteoneself/sth.to(doing)sth.献身于；致力于Hedevoteshimselftofinishingthetask.Shedevotesallhertimetoherfamily.2)devoted(adj.)深爱的，全心全意的，忠实的adevotedfriendSheisdevotedtoherfamily.她深爱她的家庭。,5.whorthwile/adj./值得的，值得做的,辨析worthwhile/worth/worthyworthwhile（可作定语和表语）aworthwhileexperimentTheexperimentisworthwhile.Itisworthwhiletodosth./doingsth.Itisworthwhiletodothejob.doingthejob.,worthwhile/adj./值得的，值得做的,*worth-beworth(doing)sth.Thebookis_.,wellworthreading,=Itisworthwhiletoreadthebook.,beworthyofbeingdone.=beworthytobedone.,Thejobisworthyofbeingdone.tobedone.,6.observe/vt./观察，观测，遵守,(1)观察；observesb.dosth.观察某人做某事（全过程）observesb.doingsth.观察某人正在做某事(2)遵守；observethetrafficrules遵守交通规则(3)庆祝;observetheSpringFestival/Christmas拓展：observationn.观察，观测；,observeananniversary庆祝周年纪念observer/n./观察者;观测者;遵守者observation/n./观测，监测，观察，观察力underobservation在观察中;在监视中Thoughhavinglivedabroadforyears,manyChinesestill_thetraditionalcustoms.performB.possessC.observeD.support解析:observe在此句中意为“遵守,奉行(法律、协议或习俗等)”。句意为：尽管在国外居住了这么多年，许多中国人仍然遵循着传统的风俗习惯。,C,7.respect/v./尊重，敬意,respectsb.forsth.因某事而尊敬某人eg.我深深地敬佩他的勇气。Ideeplyrespecthimforhiscourage.=Ideeplyrespecthiscourage./n./show/haverespectforsb.尊敬某人eg.人们向这位残疾女孩表示敬意。Thepeopleshow/haverespectforthedisabledgirl.outofrespect出于尊重outofcuriosity/kindness/pity/interest/fearrespectful/adj./恭敬的，表示敬意的；,respect/n./方面,withrespectto关于，就来说insomerespects在某些方面ineveryrespect/inallrespects在各方面outofrespectforsb.出于对某人的尊敬withoutrespectto不考虑；不管,8.argue/v./讨论，辩论，争论,arguewithsb.about/oversth.和某人争吵某事Wearguedwiththewaiteraboutthepriceofthemeal.arguefor为而辩论argueagainst为反对而辩论Theworkersarguedfortherightforthestrike.Somepeopleargueagainstthefreetrade.arguethat-clause主张,辨析argue/quarrel/discuss,argue常用作不及物动词，后面常接介词后才能加宾语。意为“辩论，争论”,有企图说服对方的含义。Theyarguedaboutthecaseforhours.quarrel意为“争吵，吵架”,侧重以“口角”的方式争执；discuss意为“讨论”,为及物动词，后直接加宾语，指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而商量；,9.entertainment/n./款待，娱乐；娱乐表演,Wewarmlygaveanentertainmenttotheforeignguests.entertain/v./款待，招待；娱乐，助兴entertaining/adj./有趣的，使人愉快的entertainsb.withsth.用招待/款待某人Thechildentertainedhimselfwithbuildingblocks.,10.inspire/vt./鼓舞，激发，启示,inspiresb.todosth.激发某人去做某事Eg.Hisspiritinspiresustoworkhardtoachievemoreinourlife.inspiration(n.)灵感inspiring(adj.)鼓励人的inspired(adj.)有创作力的,11.support/n.形容听（观众）人数之多或少，通常用big,large,huge,mass,vast,wide以及small,thin等形容词修饰，但不用many,few修饰；anaudience不是指“一个观众”，而是指某一群观众、某一个场次观众、某一方面的观众等；,13.intend/vt./计划，打算,intendtodo/doingsth.meantodosth.打算做某事sth.beintendedfor某物是为而准备的intendsb./sth.todosth.想要某人/物去做某事intendthat-clause打算hadintendedtodosth./intendedtohavedonesth.本来打算做某事,14.emergency/n./突发事件，紧急情况,Itsanemergency!情况紧急！Hewasalwayspreparedforanyunforeseeneventofemergency.他时刻为无法预料的紧急事件做好准备。astateofemergency紧急状态inanemergency遇紧急情况时,15.considerate/v./考虑；/adj./考虑周到的,consideration/n./考虑inconsiderationof.考虑到，顾及oconsideration考虑到;体谅beunderconsideration在考虑中，在审议中giveconsiderationtosth./givesth.,consider/v./考虑；认为considerdoingsth.考虑某事beconsideredtobe/as.被认为；被看作,16.deliver/vt./递送，生（小孩）发表（演说等）,deliverababy助产，接生deliversth.tosb.把某物递送给某人delivery/n./传送HeisdeliveringaspeechinEnglish.Wouldyoupleasedelivermymessagetoyourmother?,1.humanbeing人,一个人ahumanbeing人类humanbeingseg.Thisisaninventionthatbenefitshumanbeingseg.Weshouldmakegreatercontributionstohumanbeings.拓展：man/mankind人类（其前都不加冠词，都是u.其后谓语v.用单三）,2.moveoff离开，启程，出发,Whenwegottothestation,thetrainhadmovedoff.moveon继续前进/进行moveout迁出；搬出movein迁进；搬进moveaway搬走,3.leada.life过着.的生活,leadto通向；导致leadin导入；引进Ifeellikeleadingasimplelife.Thisroadleadstoourschool.,4.crowdin（想法、问题等）涌上心头,crowdin(onsb.)/crowdintoonesmind(想法、问题等）涌上心头，涌入脑海crowdout(常用被动)挤出；排挤在外crowdaround/round(sb./sth.)聚集在（某人/某物周围）crowdinto涌入，挤进.acrowdof一群，众多becrowdedwith挤满,5.lookdownupon/on蔑视，瞧不起,反义：lookuptosb.尊敬某人Noonelikestobelookeddownupon.lookround/about四处查看，寻找lookafter照顾，照看（人或事物）lookahead向前看lookforwardto期待，盼望lookinto调查，检查,lookout向外看；注意，小心lookthrough检查，审视；快速查看，浏览lookup查找，查阅；向上看lookon旁观lookon.as.把看作/视为.lookback回顾,6.referto查阅，参考，谈到,referto.as.把称作refer.to.把提交给(以求获得帮助)(2)reference/n./言及；提及；参考；查阅in/withreferenceto关于withoutreferenceto与无关；不管,7.bychance碰巧，凑巧,byaccident碰巧onpurpose故意地，有意地bydesign故意Bychancehefoundtheverybookhewasalwa,eacross（偶然）遇见；碰见,Howcome?为什么？怎么会？怎么搞的？comeabout发生comealong一起来；一道走comedownto下垂到；达到；流传下来comeon得啦；快点,comeout出来；出版；开花cometo达到；总计为；结果是cometooneself(昏迷后)苏醒过来；恢复理性comeup上来；(从土中)长出，发芽comeupwith提出；想出cometrue实现,9.carryon继续，坚持,carryonwith/doingsth.继续做某事carryoff赢得；获得(奖品、荣誉等)carryout实行；执行；进行；履行(诺言、义务等)carrythrough帮渡过(难关等)；维持；完成,2)Themealover,themanagerswentbacktothemeetingroomto_theirdiscussion.A.putawayB.takedownC.lookoverD.carryon解析putaway收好,放好,takedown写下,记下;lookover从上面看；查看,检查;carryon继续。句意：吃完饭,经理们回到会议室继续讨论。,D.,.句型透视,1.Onlyafterhermothercametohelpherforthefirstfewmonthswassheallowedtobeginherproject.她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使她得以开始自己的计划。此句是only引导的一个倒装句。当only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时,主句必须用部分倒装结构。(1)否定副词(词组)never，nor,hardly,little，seldom,bynomeans等置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装结构。,.句型透视,NeverbeforehaveIseensuchamovingfilm.我从来没有看过这样感人的电影。Bynomeanswillwegiveintothem.我们决不会向他们让步。(2)so或neither/nor表示前者的情况也适用于另一人或物时,其句型为“so/neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+另一主语”。so指肯定情况，意为“也是如此”,neither/nor适用于前者是否定的情况,意为“也不这样”。,.句型透视,Lilycantride,neither/norcanLucy.莉莉不会骑车，露西也不会。注意如果句意不是“也是如此”,而仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和(此时的so=indeed)，那么句子不可使用倒装语序。Youforgottotakeyourkeywithyouagain!你又忘记带钥匙了！Oh,mygod.SoIdid!噢，我的天哪，我确实忘了带！,.句型透视,3)so+adj./adv.+that.引导的结果状语从句结构中,so+adj./adv.置于句首时，句子须用部分倒装。SoclearlydoeshespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.他英语讲得如此清晰，以致于别人总能理解他意思。注意that引导的句子不倒装。,.句型透视,(4)在非真实条件句中可省略if,把were,had,should提到句首构成部分倒装结构。Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.若明天下雨，我们就不去爬山了。,.句型透视,2.OnceIstop,