英语句子结构分析

英语句子的基本结构,句子种类两种分类法,按句子的用途可分四种：1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：Heissixyearsold.2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Dotheylikeskating?Howoldishe?Marycanswim,cantshe?3）祈使句：Becareful,boys.Donttalkinclass4）感叹句：Howclevertheboyis!,按句子的结构可分三种：,1)简单句2)并列句3)复合句,1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。e.g.HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.TomandMikeareAmericanboys.Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.,我们可以给句子的动词加上副词修饰，给名词加上形容词、介词短语修饰，给句子加上状语进行修饰等，以使整个句子的意思变得更加的丰富和充实。但不管如何变，都只有一个主谓结构。Heworkedhardallhislife.(划线部分在句中作状语，修饰动词worked)HeisaschoolstudentinNo.1MiddleSchool.(划线部分在句中作定语，修饰名词student),2)并列句：句型：简单句+并列连词+简单句并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。e.g.Youhelphimandhehelpsyou.Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.,并列句的分类,1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and,notonlybutalso,neithernor,then等连接。e.g.TheteachersnameisSmith,andthestudentsnameisJohn.2、表示选择，常用的连词有or,eitheror,otherwise等。e.g.Hurryup,oryoullmissthetrain.,3、表示转折，常用的连词有but,yet,while等。e.g.Hewasalittlemanwiththickglasses,buthehadastrangewayofmakinghisclasseslivelyandinteresting.4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so,for等。e.g.Augustisthetimeoftheyearforriceharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.,3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。从句包括名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）定语从句和状语从句等。句型主句+连词+从句；或连词+从句+主句e.g.TheforeignvisitorstookalotofpictureswhentheywereattheGreatWall.,复合句就是含有两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子。这种结构中，必定有一个主谓结构是句子的主句部分，而另一个主谓结构则是句子的次要部分，即从句部分。Asisknowntoall,Chinaisgettingmoreandmorepowerful.(As引导一个定语从句)Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.(Where引导一个表地点的状语从句),Exercises判断句型,1.Havingfinishedhishomework,theboywentontohelphismother.2.Whathesaysdoesntsuitwhathedoes.,(简单句划线部分在句中作状语，修饰整个句子),(复合句包含两个名词性从句：Whathesays是一个主语从句；whathedoes是一个宾语从句),3.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.4.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.5.Thereisachairinthisroom,isntthere?,简单句,复合句,简单句,6.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.7.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.8.MybrotherandIgotoschoolathalfpastseveninthemorningandcomebackhomeatsevenintheevening.,并列句,复合句,简单句,9.Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.10.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isntit?11.Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.12.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.,并列句,复合句,简单句,简单句,1._downtheradio-thebabysasleepinthenextroom.A.TurningB.ToturnC.TurnedD.Turn2.Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffee_shallwegetdowntobusinessrightaway?A.andB.thenC.orD.otherwise,3.Shesetoutsoonafterdark_homeanhourlater.A.arrivingB.toarriveC.havingarrivedD.andarrived4.ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,_,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.A.whomB.whereC.whichD.while,5.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofthat6.Aftertenyears,shechangedalotandlookeddifferentfrom_sheusedtobe.A.thatB,whomC.whatD.who,7._severaltimesaboutit,buthecouldnotgivethecorrectanswer.A.BeingaskedB.HavingbeenaskedC.HewouldaskD.Hehadbeenasked8._thedayswenton,thesituationtheregotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As,9.Whodoyouthinkthedoctorwillhave_first,JohnorKate?A.examineB.toexamineC.examiningD.examined10.Shewonthefirstprizeinthespeechcontestand_surprisedus.A.whichB.itC.asD.who,11.Hemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,_ofgreatimportancetoscience.A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkis12.SheisAmerican,_sheknowslittleaboutAmericanhistory.A.soB.yetC.andD.therefore,13._thetexta