英美文学欣赏资料-thescarletl

,TheScarletLetter,love,desire,sin,爱情,欲望,原罪,DespicableorNoble,Authorbriefintroduction,NathanielHawthorne纳撒尼尔霍桑(bornJuly4,1804May19,1864)wasanAmericannovelistandshortstorywriter.HewasalsoacentralfigureintheAmericanRenaissance,NathanielHathornewasbornin1804inthecityofSalem.Helaterchangedhisnameto“Hawthorne”,addinga“w”todissociatefromrelativesincludingJohnHathorne,ajudgeduringtheSalemWitchTrials.HawthorneattendedBowdoinCollege（博多因学院）,andwasgraduatedin1825;hisclassmatesincludedfuturepresidentFranklinPierceandfuturepoetHenryLongfellow.,In1839,hebecameengagedtoSophia.HeworkedataCustomHouseandjoinedBrookFarm,beforemarryingSophiain1842.,.ThecouplemovedtoTheOldManseinConcord.TheScarletLetterwaspublishedin1850,followedbyasuccessionofothernovels.ApoliticalappointmenttookHawthorneandfamilytoEuropebeforetheirreturntoTheWaysidein1860.Hawthornediedin1864,leavingbehindhiswifeandtheirthreechildren.,Workcharacteristic,MuchofHawthorneswritingcentersaroundNewEngland,manyworksfeaturingmoralallegories（道德寓意）.HisfictionworksareconsideredpartoftheRomanticmovementand,morespecifically,darkromanticism.,Histhemesoftencenterontheinherentevilandsinofhumanity（“内在堕落”和“原罪”），andhisworksoftenhavemoralmessagesanddeeppsychologicalcomplexity（人心理深层的复杂性）.Hispublishedworksincludenovels,shortstories,andabiographyofhisfriendFranklinPierce.,Representativeworks,带有七个尖角阁的房子（TheHouseoftheSevenGables）福谷传奇（TheBlithedaleRomance）玉石人像(TheMarbleFaun:Or,TheRomanceofMonteBeni）红字（TheScarletLetter）,TheScarletLetterwrittenbyNathanielHawthorneandpublishedin1850,theyearinwhichtheClayCompromisepostponedtheAmericanCivilWar.TheScarletLetterisaromancesetintheyearsfrom1642to1649,whenPuritans（清教徒）werefightingtheEnglishcivilwarovertheultimatemeaningofEngland,andPuritansintheBostonofHawthornesstorywereattemptingtolabelHesterPrynneh（海斯特普林女主人公）,Awomantakeninadultery(通奸),shemustweartheletterAonherchestforalltosee,yetshesurroundsitwithbeautifulstitching（缝合，把某物连在一起）,sothatitadvertisesnotonlyhershame,butalsoherskillasaseamstress（女裁缝）.Sherefusestonameherlover,theReverendMr.Dimmesdale（丁梅斯代尔牧师男主人公之一）;keepsherwordnottorevealtheidentityofherhusband,nowcallinghimselfRogerChillingworth（罗杰齐灵渥斯男主人公之一）;andraisesherdaughter,Pearl,onherown,livingattheedgeoftown,nearthewildforestandtheopensea.,TheScarletLettermakesHawthornewhoisafamousAmericanwriterknownallovertheworld.Thestorybeginsin17thcentury,Boston,thenapuritansettlement.TheScarletLetterbyhimusedthescarletletterstosymbolizetheharshnessofPuritansociety,showinghowtheybranded（侮辱）sinners（罪人）forlife.AlthoughPuritansocietyisunforgivingtowardsthesinfulscarletletter,theirstrictnessimprovedthebearersofthesin.,“Whenstrangerslookedcuriouslyatthescarletletterandnonefailedtodoso,theybrandeditafreshintoHesterssoul.”Aletter“A”butfreshlygreen,insteadofscarletwascreatedbyher,showinghowHawthornemadeajestatthepunishmentPuritansputuponHester.AndthescarletletterwasalsoatoytoPearl,somethingthatsheenjoyed.H