动词不定式的用法(表目的)

Unit6Birdwatching,Grammar,1.Jimplans_morefruitandvegetableseveryday.2.Afterdinner,welike_TVandchatthere.3.Ilove_thereandlookoutatthebeachandthesea.4.Lucywants_sickpeople.5.Istarted_theviolinattheageofsix.,toeat,towatch,tosit,tohelp,toplay,sitplayeatwatchhelp,Pleasegoontolookatthesentencesbelow.Payattentiontothecoloredwords.,1.KittyispreparingtogooutnextSunday.2.KittyplanstotakeLindaout.3.Lindawantedtovisitthepark.4.Sandyagreestogowiththem.5.Milliedecidedtostayathome.,什么是动词不定式(to-infinitives)？,当句子中已经有谓语动词，而我们又要表达不止一个动作概念时，其余的动词可以使用非谓语形式表达。动词不定式就是动词的一种非谓语形式，其肯定形式是“to+动词原形”（有时可以不带to，其否定形式是“notto+动词原形”。无人称、数和时态的变化。,Verbs+to-infinitives,agreechoosedecidehopelearnplanpreparewantlikestartbeginfailwishtryrememberforget,Weoftenuseto-infinitivesaftertheseverbs.,+to-infinitives作宾语,Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.,1.Ioftengotothemarket_(watch)theflowers.2.Weshouldmakelaws_(prevent)peoplekillingbears.3.Jimwillgotothepark_(fly)kites.4.Shewillgotothesupermarket_(buy)somebread.5.Hecametomyhome_(play)chesswithmejustnow.6.Weshouldact_（protect)wildanimals.,towatch,toprevent,tofly,tobuy,toplay,toprotect,Usingto-infinitivesforpurpose动词不定式作目的状语。,Usingto-infinitivesforpurpose,Wecanuseto-infinitivestoexpresspurpose.(表目的)作目的状语。e.g.Ioftengotothemarkettowatchthebirds.NowtheChinesegovernmenthasmadelawstopreventallthesethings.,Wecanalsouseinordertotoexpresspurpose.Thisismoreformalthanto-infinitives.(表达更正式，更清楚)其否定式是inordernottodosth,e.g.1.Somepeoplewanttomakethewetlandssmallerinordertohavemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.2.Takeanotebookwithyouinordertowritedownwhatyousee.3.Takeanotebookwithyouinordernottoforgettheimportantthings.,注意：由inorderto引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首。e.g.Theystartedearlyinordertogetthereintime.Inordertogetthereintime,theystartedearly.为了及时赶到那里，他们很早就出发了。,1PeoplegotoZhalong_atotakephotosofthebirds.2Theyshouldreadabout_btostudythethebirdsfirstbirdsinthewetlands.3MostPeopletakea_ctowatchthecamerabirds.4TheBirdwtching_dtolearnmoreSocietygoesaboutthem.,a,d,b,c,AmyisthinkingaboutthethingspeopledoinZhalongNatureReserve.Matchthefirstpartsofthesentencesontheleftwiththesecondpartsontheright.Writethecorrectlettersintheblanks.,1.PeoplegotoZhalong_(watch)thebirds.2.PeoplegotoZhalonginorder_(watch)thebirds.3.Manypeopletakeacamera_(take)photos.4.Manypeopletakeacamerainorder_(take)photos.5.Hewrotedownmynameinorder_(notforget)me.6.Shedoesherhomeworkcarefullyinorder_(notmake)mistakes.,towatch,towatch,totake,totake,nottoforget,nottomake,Weaddnotbeforeto-infinitivestoexpressanegativemeaning.e.g.Weaskpeoplenottocatchbirdsforanyreason.Hetoldmenottomakemuchnoise.,常跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask,tell,order,invite,get,allow,wish,want,encourage,advise,warn,wouldlike,need,等。,动词不定式作宾语补足语，有带to和不带to的两种形式。,e.g.1.Thepolicemantoldtheboysnottoswimintheriver.2.Theteacheraskedthestudentstofinishthehomeworkontime.3.MrWuadvisedustoreadbooksaloud.,makeorlet+object+infinitivewithouttoe.g.Maxtellsfunnyjokesandoftenmakesmelaugh.MrWuagreedtoletmejointheirschooltrip.,常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：感官动词hear,feel,see,watch,notice等；使役动词let,make和have。,see,find,watch,feel,noticeorhear+object+infinitivewithouttoe.g.1.Shesawababypandadrinkhermothersmilk.2.MillieandAmyheardsomeonesinginthepark.3.Healwayswatchthemplayfootball.注意：Shesawaboyplayingfootballonthegroundatthistimeyesterday.表示动作正在发生。,动词help后面的动词不定式可带to,也可不带to。,help+object+infinitivewithorwithouttoe.g.Thiswillhelppeople(to)understandtheimportanceofthewetlands.Sheoftenhelpsme(to)dothehousework.,TheClass1,Grade8studentswenttoZhalongNatureReserve.Sandyiswritingabouttheirtrip.Helphercompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.,1.MrWu_us_apairofcomfortableshoesbecausewewouldhavetowalkalongway.(ask/wear)2.We_somebirds_inthetrees.(hear/sing)3.MrWu_us_thebirdscarefully.(tell/watch)4.Healso_us_thebirds.(want/describe)5.He_us_inthewetlands.(advise/notshout)6.Thecoldweather_somebirds_southforthewinter.(make/fly)7.Thetrip_us_moreaboutwildlife.(help/learn),askedtowear,heardsing,toldtowatch,wantedtodescribe,advisednottoshout,madefly,helped(to)learn,1.我父亲经常鼓励我努力学习。Myfatheroftenencouragesmetostudyhard.2.去年李老师教我们打篮球。MrLitaughtustoplaybasketballlastyear.3.语文老师让我们读这篇文章两遍。TheChineseteachermadeusreadthearticletwice.4.为了通过期末考试,我们必须更努力学习。Wemuststudyharderinorderto/topassthefinalexam.Inorderto/Topassthefinalexam,Wemuststudyharder.,Exercises,1.Fatheroftentellsme_toomuchtimeoncomputergames.2010河南A.dontspendB.notspendC.nottospendD.notspending2.Whyareyousoexcited?Peterinvitedme_onatriptoYuntaiMountain.2011河南A.togoB.goC.goingD.went,I.单项选择。,1.A:Whatelseshallwetaketothelake?B:_me_(let,see).MrLee_us_(tell;take)ourraincoatsyesterday.2.A:Whatdidyouhearjustnow?B:I_afrog_(hear;jump)intothewater.3.A:Look,whatisthemothercranedoing?B:She_herbaby_(teach,catch)fishforfood.,II.用所给动词的适当形式填空。,Letsee,told,totake,heard,jump,isteaching,tocatch,4.A:Lookatthesign.Whatdoesitsay?B:It_tourists_(tell,notuse)flashlight(闪光灯)whiletakingphotos.5.A:Whydoyoutakeapen