被动语态讲解及注意事项

.,When,How,What,Thepassivevoice,被动语态,.,被动语态,定义,:表示主语是动作的承受者.,当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。,.,When,How,What,Thepassivevoice,被动语态,.,Whendoweusethepassivevoice?,Manyhouseswillbebuilthere.,1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。,TheplanwassupportedbythosewhowishedtohavemorechancestospeakEnglish.,2.出于礼貌,不愿意说出动作的执行者。,.,When,How,What,Thepassivevoice,被动语态,.,Wekeepfoodinthefridge.,S,V.,O.,Food,Howtochangeintothepassivevoicesentence,iskept,(byus)inthefridge.,.,主动语态变被动语态的方法：,1.把主动语态的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语;2.把主动语态的动词变成“be+过去分词”;3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,可省略。,Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.,Shoes,aremade,bythem.,.,TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.,FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.,ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.,Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.,ThesemachinesaremadeinBeijing.,.,一般现在时的被动语态：S+am/is/are+done,一般现在时的被动语态,TheymakeTVsetsinthatfactory.,TVsetsaremadebytheminthatfactory.,.,Theman_(call)“Goodhusband”.,iscalled,Pleasefillintheblanksaccordingtothewordsinthebracket.,.,Footballbypeopleallovertheworld.,isplayed,.,Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,一般过去时的被动语态：S+was/were+done,一般过去时的被动语态,Tencomputerswereboughtbythemlastterm.,.,1.Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.,2.Tomclosedtheshopjustnow.,TheshopbyTomjustnow.,ThetelephonebyBellin1876.,Finishthesentences,wasinvented,wasclosed,.,Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,一般将来时的被动语态：S+will/shall+be+done,一般将来时的被动语态,Theworkwillbefinishedbythemintendays.,.,一般将来时的被动语态:,S+begoingto+be+done,Wearegoingtolearnthewords.,Thewordsaregoingtobelearnedbyus.,一般将来时的被动语态,.,atalk,willgive,soon,Atalkwillbegivensoon.,Theflowersaregoingtobewateredtomorrow.,根据图片和提示词用被动语态写句子。,theflowers,aregoingtowater,tomorrow.,.,WehavefinishedfiveEnglishbooksuptonow,现在完成时的被动语态：S+have/has+been+过去分词,现在完成时的被动语态,FiveEnglishbookshavebeenfinishedbyusuptonow,.,Hamburgershavebeeneatenup.,eatup,they,hamburgers,根据图片和提示词用被动语态写句子。,.,Myheart_already_(steal)byyou.,hasbeenstolen,.,Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,现在进行时的被动语态：S+am/is/are+being+done,现在进行时的被动语态,Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.,.,Thepetdog_(treat)byavet.,isbeingtreated,.,过去进行时的被动语态：S+was/were+being+done,过去进行时的被动语态,Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat8:00lastnight,Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.,.,GinacantakegoodcareofTina,带有情态动词的被动语态：S+can/may/must/should+be+done,带有情态动词的被动语态,TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyGina.,.,Songscanbesungbythebirds.,cancarry,thebasket,he.,Thebasketcanbecarriedbyhim.,songs,cansing,birds,makesentences.,.,be,+done,am/is/are一般现在时,was/were一般过去时,was/were+being过去进行时,am/is/are+being现在进行时,.,be,+done,have/has+been现在完成时,had+been过去完成时,would+be过去将来时,will+bebegoingtobe一般将来时,can/must/should+be情态动词,.,表格：被动态基本结构,am/is/aredone,was/weredone,am/is/arebeingdone,was/werebeingdone,shall/willbedonebegoingtobedone,wouldbedone,have/hasbeendone,hadbeendone,.,被动语态中的特殊情况1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。(动词后的介词不可省）Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.被动句：Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.,.,2.当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补),并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”。（即：主动省to，被动加上to。）Theymakeusdoallthework.被动句：Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem.Weoftenhearhersingsongs.被动句：Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus.（常见词有：make,see,hear,feel,watch,notice等。),.,3.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for”。常见加to的动词有:give，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell常见加for的动词有:make,buydraw,.,Hegivesmeaflowereveryday.被动1：Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday.被动2：Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.被动1：Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.被动2：Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.,.,4.系动词没有被动形式，主动形式表被动意义。常见的有taste（尝起来），sound（听起来），feel（摸起来），look（看起来），smell（闻起来）等.例如：1)Theappletastesgood.2)Thesongsoundsgentle.,.,5.有些动词如:sell（卖），wash（洗），write(写）等与副词well（好），easily（容易地）等连用，描绘事物的特性，用主动表被动。例如：1)Thecoatwasheseasily.2)Thebookssellwell.,.,Fillintheblankswiththerightformofthewordsgiven.,I_(give)anewbookbymyfatheronmybirthday.English_(find)veryuseful.3.Thework_(finish)tomorrow.4.Theflowers_(water)bythemnow.,wasgiven,isfound,willbefinished,arebeingwatered,.,5.Therailway_(build)thistimelastyear.6.Thenewlab_already_(build)7.Thenewrailway_(build)bytheendoflastyear.8.Hetoldmethesportsmeeting_(hold)thenextmonth.9.Rice_(grow)inthesouthoftheStates.,wasbeingbuilt,has,beenbuilt,hadbeenbuilt,wouldbeheld,isgrown,.,10.Thesongoften(sing)bytheyoungman.11.Thewindow(break)byalittleboyyesterday.12.Itsaruleinourschoolthattheclassroomshould(clean)everyday.,is,sung,wasbroken,becleaned,sing-sang-sung,.,LastTuesday,Tomreceivedaletterfromthepolice.Intheletter，he(ask)togothepolicestation.Hedidntknowwhyhewaswantedbythepolice.Atthestation,he(tell)byasmilingmanthathisbicycle(find).Thepolicemantoldhimthathisbicycle(pick)upinasmallvillage400milesaway.,wasasked