宾语从句公开课精--最全面ppt课件

.,Objectclause（revision）,.,Themid-termexamiscomingsoon.Areyounervous?,.,Theyknowtheteacher.Theyknowthattheteacherisaman.,AsentencewhichservesasobjectiscalledObjectClause.,主语,谓语,宾语,主语,谓语,宾语从句,.,宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。,了解宾语从句,.,一、教学任务复习宾语从句二、重点和难点1、由不同引导词引导的宾语从句2、直接引语和间接引语3、宾语从句中时态的变化,.,1.ThegirlsaysthattheMid-termexamiscomingtomorrow.2.Sheasksifwearenervous.3.ManyclassmatesaskherhowshecanstudyEnglishwell.4.Thegirltellsustotakeiteasyandworkhardforit.,Canyourecollectthe4differenttypesofobjectclause?,.,引导词,陈述句(主+v/主+adj.):,特殊疑问句:,一般疑问句:,祈使句:,先_后_,(that),特殊疑问词如what/where/when/who/howmuch/howmany.,if/whether,tell/asksb.(not)todo.,主,谓,语序,时态,宾语从句三要素,主句为现在时，从句的时态根据_而定。主句为过去时，从句的时态用_时态。,实际情况,相应的过去,宾语从句的连接词：,.,3.从句的时态必须和主句保持一致。,注意：,.,Eachstudentwrites1sentence.,Students1:writeadeclarativesentence.（陈述句）e.g.Wearegoingtohaveanexam.Students2:writeawh-question.（特殊疑问句）e.g.Whatareyoutalkingabout?Student3:.writeayes-or-noquestion.(一般疑问句）e.g.Areyouasinger?Student4:writeanimperativesentence.（祈使句）e.g.Standup.,25,Writeasyoulike!,.,Addthemtothebeginningtoyoursentenceandreporttous!,Students1:Iknowthat.Students2:Canyoutellmewh-.e.g.Canyoutellmewhatyouaretalkingabout.Student3:Iwanttoknowif/whether.e.g.Iwanttoknowifyouareasinger.Student4:Iasksb.to.,别忘了先主后谓的语序,.,TheteacheraskedIwaslatetoday.Doyoustillrememberhesaidinthemeeting?Doyouknowtheyarewaitingfor?Canyoutellmecountryyouarefrom,AmericaorEngland?Ireallywanttoknowyourhometownis.Nooneknowstheyopenedthebox.,what,which,who,whom,when,why,where,how,whatever,whoever,why,what,whom/who,which,where,how,.,2.Who/whoever/nomatterwho,Who引导的名词性从句含有疑问意义Whoever不含有疑问意义=anyonewhoNomatterwho只能引导让步状语从句Eg.Whoeverbrokethewindowshouldbepunished.Whoever/nomatterwhobrokethewindow,heshouldbepunished.Whobrokethewindowisstillaquestion.,.,correctourmistakes,.,曾老师问他为什么迟到了。MissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool.(集英社）2.我不知道他昨天做了什么事情。Idontknowwhatdidhedoyesterday.（WarmHome)3.晏主任问她怎么了。DirectorYanaskedwhatthematterwaswithher.(方嘉燕小组）4.何老师说过月亮绕着地球转。MissHesaidthatthemoonmovedroundtheearth.(Modesty）,.,5.她告诉儿子要努力学习。Shetellshersonhemuststudyhard.（多拉A梦）6.我有信心你们明天一定考得好。Imconfidentthatyouwilldowellintheexamtomorrow.(无名小组）7.他们不确定明天是否转冷。Theyareuncertainthatifitwillturncoldornottomorrow.(农夫小组）,.,1.MissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool.(集英社）语序必须先主语后谓语。主句为过去时，从句的时态用相应的过去时态。2.Idontknowwhatdidhedoyesterday.（WarmHome),hewas,a.宾语从句的助动词要去掉.主句为现在时，从句出现yesterday的过去时间，因此从句用过去时。,hedid,.,3.DirectorYanaskedwhatthematterwaswithher.(方嘉燕小组）4.MissHesaidthatthemoonwentroundtheearth.(Modesty）,whatwasthematterwithher,goes,从句内容为真理时，从句的时态用一般现在时。,what在这里既做引导词，也做主语。仍用疑问句语序。who.,whichis同理。,.,5.Shetellshersonheshouldstudyhard.（多拉A梦）,tellsb.todosth./tellsb.nottodosth.,to,.,6.Imconfidentthatyouwilldowellintheexamtomorrow.(无名小组）,whether,b.只能用whether:(1)与ornot连用(2)不定式前：whether+todo(3)介词+whether,7.Theyareuncertainthatifitwillturncoldornottomorrow.(农夫小组）,主语+形容词，宾语从句用that引导.,a.宾语从句不能同时用两个引导词。,.,Attention,Iaskedher_shehadabike.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.Idontknow_hehasrecoveredornot.Hecantdecidetostay.,if/whether,whether,whether,whether,.,whetherorif?,Letmeknow_youcancomeornot.Iwonder_Icangetsomeadvicefromyou.Idontknow_toacceptorrefuse.,whether,whether/if,whether,.,如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebackthenextday.Hesaidthathehadseenit.,.,Howaboutthis?,Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterdaysclass.我小时候妈妈就告诉我太阳从东方升起。上周老师教我们1加1等于2。,3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用_。,Theteachersaidthatthesuntravelsaroundtheearth.（travel),一般现在时态,1could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。,注意事项,Couldyoupleasetellmewherewe_ourtickets?(show)Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhe_back?(come),show,willcome,3.Suggest后的宾语从句：Isuggest(that)he(should)gotoseethedoctortomorrow.(go),(4)Hetaughtmehowtosurf.Hetaughtmehow_surf.(5)TheforeignerswanttoknowhowtheycanlearnChinesewell.Theforeignerswanttoknow_learnchinesewell.,Icould,howto,(4)CouldyoutellmewhereIshouldshowthetickets.Couldyoutellme_thetickets.(5)IwonderedwhetherIcouldgo.Iwondered_go.,wheretoshow,whetherto,.,2).that在宾语从句中的省略与保留a.在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略.eg:Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.b.由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略.eg:Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.c.当that作介词except,in等宾语时Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle.IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.,.,3.若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。,Eg.Idontthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。Idontthinkyouareright.我认为你是错的。Idontbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday.我认为你今天无法完成工作。,.,若谓语动词为hope，宾语从句中的否定词不能转移,Ihopeitdoesntrain.我希望不要下雨。Ihopeyoudontmindmysayingit.我希望你别介意我说这些话。,.,Itsnotaplacewhereanyonewouldexpecttoseestrangecharactersonthestreet.在这里，人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。(anyone作主语，从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。),.,按英语习惯，anyone只能出现在否定词之后，不能出现在否定词之前。,.,Donttellanyone,willyou?你可不要告诉任何人哟。Idontknowanyoneatthisparty.这晚会上我一个人也不认识。Idontwanttowasteanyonestime.我不想浪费任何人的时间。,.,有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。如：Theantisnotgatheringthisforitselfalone.蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。(否定状语),.,HewasnotreadytobelievesomethingjustbecauseAristotlesaidso.他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何，就轻信此事。(否定because状语),risttl,.,Shehadnotbeenmarriedmanyweekswhenthatmansyoungerbrothersawherandwasstruckbyherbeauty.她结婚还不到几个月，这个人的弟弟就看见她了，并对她的美貌着了迷。(否定状语manyweeks),.,宾语从句的简化的六种方法,.,方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。,.,LiMinghopeshewillbebackverysoon.LiMinghopestobebackverysoon.Wedecidedthatwewouldhelphim.Wedecidedtohelphim.,.,方法二：当主句谓语动词是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。,.,Shehasforgottenhowshecanopenthewindow.Shehasforgottenhowtoopenthewindow.,.,注：当主句谓语动词是tell，ask，show，teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。,.,CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation？Couldyoutellmehowtogettothestation？,.,方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。,.,Theheadmasterorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.Theheadmasterorderedustostartatonce.,.,方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。,.,Heinsistedthatheshouldgowithus.Heinsistedongoingwithus.Thepoorboydoesntknowwhenandwherehewasborn.ThepoorboydoesntknowtheTimeandtheplaceofhisbirth.,.,方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。,.,LiuPingfoundthattherewasawalletlyingontheground.LiuPingfoundawalletlyingontheground.,.,方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。,.,Itseemedthattheboysweregoingtowin.Theboysseemedtowin.,.,除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。,.,IfoundthatitwasdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.,.,Soonwefoundthatthegroundwascoveredwiththicksnow.Soonwefoundthegroundcoveredwiththicksnow.,.,Theyfoundthattheboxwasveryheavy.Theyfoundtheboxveryheavy.,.,IdontrememberthatIhaveEverseensuchaman.Idontrememberhavingeverseensuchaman.我记得从未见过这样一个人,注意一:Iwish后的宾语从句:,翻译:1.我多希望我是一只小鸟。2.我希望我昨天能去看那场电影。3.我希望明年我就能大学毕业。(graduate),1.Iwish(that)Iwerealittlebird.2.Iwish(that)Icouldhavegonetoseethemovieyesterday.3.Iwish(that)Icouldgraduatefromcollegenextyear.,Iwish.1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望,宾语从句中谓语动词形式为were/did2.表示与过去事实相反的愿望,宾语从句中谓语动词形式为haddone或could/wouldhavedone3.表示与将来事实相反的愿望,宾语从句中谓语动词形式为should/would/mightdo,注意二:在动词insist(坚持),order,command(命令)advise,propose,suggest(建议),demand(要求),request,require(请求)等后面的宾语从句中谓语动词要用(should)do,1.他坚持我们应该在9:00之前完成作业。2.经理要求每人每天要按时上班。3.老师建议我们每天早上听英语。,Answers:1.Heinsistedthatwe(should)finishthehomeworkbefore9:00.2.Themanagerdemandsthateveryone(should)gotoworkontimeeveryday.3.Theteachersuggeststhatwe(should)listentoEnglisheverymorning.,当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等时，从句的否定要转移到主句中。Idontthinksheisright.,我认为她不对。,我相信他不会通过考试。,注意三：否定转移,Idontbelievehewillpasstheexam.,.,四、否定转移在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think，believe,guess,suppose等时，要将从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。eg:(5)Idontthinkhewillcomewithyou.注意：这种句子在其后接附加问句时，要特别小心。eg:(6)Idontbelievehehasfinishedthework,_?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasntatschool,_?解析：例6，当主句的主语为第一人称时，附加问句的主语由宾语从句的主语充当。例7，如果主句的主语非第一人称时，则附加问句的主语由主句的主语充当。,hashe,didnthe,.,中考链接,语言知识运用,A,B,C,D,.,1.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis2.Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput,即时练习,.,1.-Canyoumakesure_?-Sorry,Icant.ButIsawherjustnow.A.wheredidshegoB.whereshehadgoneC.whereshehasgoneD.wherewillshego2.Iwantedtoknow_.A.whatdidshesayB.whydoesshegotobedlateC.whyshewenttobedlateD.whyshegoestobedlate,C,C,.,3.Heisnotsure_towatchTVorgotobed.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./4.Idontknow_hewillcomeornot.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./,B,B,.,5.-Idontknowifhe_toKatesbirthdayparty.-Hessuretogoifhe_.A.goes,knowsB.willgo,knowsC.goes,willknowD.go,know6.Sheaskedthedoctor_keephealthy.A.howtoB.howcouldsheC.howshecouldD.howcanshe,B,是否,假如,A.C,宾语从句与特殊疑问词+不定式可互换。,.,howtodoit与whattodo的区别,D,7.-Couldyoutellme_?-Itsnexttothepostoffice.A.wherethesupermarketisB.whereisthesupermarketC.wherewasthesupermarketD.wherethesupermarketwas,A,could表示委婉的语气,不是过去时,8.Couldyoutellme_it.A.whatcanIdoB.howcanIdoC.whattodoD.howtodo,特殊用法5,.,9.Mike_bullyingothers_.thinks,isntrightthink,isntrightdontthink,isright.doesntthink,isright,若从句为否定句，主句谓语是think,believe,guess,suppose等词时,要否定前移,D,.,高考链接,（09海南）CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A.whoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever（10四川）Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravelingdependslargelyon_hegoeswith,whetherhisfriendsorrelatives.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why,.,(10全国)Wehaventdiscussedyet_wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where(10湖南)Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew_shewassoangry.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why,.,(10上海)Whenchanginglanes,adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknow_.A.heisenteringwhichlaneB.whichlaneheisenteringC.isheenteringwhichlaneD.whichlaneisheentering,.,(1