人教版高一英语必修一Unit4语法ppt课件

Unit4,英语中表示“许多”的词组很多，按其用法可以分为以下三类：1、修饰可名词：many、a(great/large)numberof、afew、manya、several等。manya的意思相当于many,但manya后边接可数名词单数，如：Manyastudenthassuchaquestion.许多同学有这样的疑问。Anumberofstudentshavepassedtheexam.许多学生都通过了考试。,2、修饰不可数名词：much、agreatdealof、alargeamountof等。Wecangetagreatdealof(alargeamountof)informationfrominternet.我们可以从互联网上获得大量信息。,3、既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词：alotof(lotsof);plentyof;alargequantityof等。Plentyofthewaterispolluted.许多水都被污染了。Plentyoftheriversarepolluted.许多河都被污染了。,TheAttributiveClause(定语从句),abeautifulgirl一个漂亮的女孩,定语：用来修饰，限定，说明名词或代词，或具有名词的品质与特征的词。作定语的词主要是形容词或者是相当于形容词的词，短语或者句子，汉语中常用“.的”表示。,1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句.定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后.2.先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词.,3.关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词.关系词有关系代词和关系副词.关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有when,where,why等.关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句；B.代替先行词；C.在定语从句中担当一成分.,thehandsomethetallthestrongthecleverthenaughty,boy,TheboyisTom.,TheboywhoishandsomeisTom.,TheboywhoistallisTom.,TheboywhoisstrongisTom,TheboywhoiscleverisTom,TheboywhoisnaughtyisTom.,1.who指人，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语。,TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.,TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.,TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语),TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.,TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.,TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.,Thewomangotthejob.ThewomancanspeakRussian.,ThewomanwhocanspeakRussiangotthejob.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Theteacherisfamous.,Theteacherwhoisfamouswillgiveusatalk.,Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.,Theman(whom)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语),Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.,2.whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语。,Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.,Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.,Ex:Heistheteacher.TheteachercanspeakFrench.,HeistheteacherwhocanspeakFrench.,Doyouknowtheman?Hecametovisityoutoday.,Doyouknowthemanwhocametovisityoutoday?,Theladysteppedonhisfoot.Hewasdancingwiththelady.,Thelady(whom)hewasdancingwithsteppedonhisfoot.,Doyouknowtheman?Youwillvisithimtoday.,Doyouknowthemanwhomyouwillvisittoday?,apple,theredthegreenthesmallthebig,Theapplewhichisredismine.,Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.,Theapplewhichisredissmall,Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.,3.which指物，在从句中做主语或者宾语,Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.Thegoatiseatingherflowers.,Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhich(主语)iseatingherflowers.,Canyoulendmethebook?Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.,Canyoulendmethebook(which)(宾语)youtalkedaboutlastnight.,4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.,Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.,5.whose在定语从句中作定语,表示引导词与whose后的名词为所属关系。whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与ofwhich互换使用。,Thisisthebook.Thebookscoverisblue.Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.,Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue.,Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichisblue.,Doyouknowthegirl?Herhairisveryshortinourclass,Doyouknowthegirlwhosehairisthehairofwhomveryshortinourclass?,Heisthestudent.Ibrokehispencilyesterday,HeisthestudentwhosepencilthepencilofwhomIbrokeyesterday.,MrKingwasquicklytakentohospital.Herlegswerebadlyhurt.,MrKingwhoselegswerebadlyhurtwasquicklytakentohospital.,WeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing.Ihavetoldyouherstory.,WeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKingwhosestoryIhavetoldyou.,.,Thechairisbeingrepairednow.Thelegsofthechairarebroken.,Thechair,whoselegsarebrokenthelegsofwhicharebroken,ofwhichthelegsarebrokenisbeingrepairednow.,Thebossofthecompanytoldthestoryabout.HisnamewasMrLittle.,Thebossofthecompany,whosenamewasMrLittle,toldthestoryaboutMsKing,Thisteacherislikedbyallthestudents.Iworkwithherson.,Thisteacher,withwhosesonIwork,islikedbyallthestudents,Thebosshadheardabouttheaccident.MrKingworkedinhisdepartment.,ThebossinwhosedepartmentMrKingworkedhadheardabouttheaccident.,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。,Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.,Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.,Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.,Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.,(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代词时。,(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。,(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。,(5)先行词是who或who引导的主句。Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.(6)主句以Therebe引导时Thereare200peoplethatdidntknowthething.(7)当先行词在定语从句中作be表语时，关系代词用that.Sheisntthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.(8)当先行词是which时，关系代词用that.Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?,1.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_wereinthefields.2.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_isinfrontofourschoolgate.3.Thisistheverything_Iwaslookingfor.4.Thisisthesecondnovel_Ihaveeverread.5.Thereisnothingintheworld_canfrightenme.6.Whoistheman_isreadingunderthetree?7.Myhometownisnotthesameone_itusedtobetwentyyearsago.,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,who,that（先行词为人）区别,1.用who不用that的情况：,(1)当先行词为one,ones,anyone,those时。(2)当先行词为人称代词时。,HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.Thosewhohaveanydifficultywithpronunciationshouldpractise,2.只能用which,不用that的情况:,1.介词前置时关系代词只能用which(先行词为物)2.引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时只能用which(1)Shefailedtheexam,whichmadeherparentsvaryangry.(2)Myglasses,withoutwhichIwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.,1Theriver_arecoveredwithtreesisverylong.AwhichbanksBofwhichbanksCwhosethebanksDthebanksofwhich2shelikestousewords_iscleartohim.AofwhichthemeaningBofwhichmeaningCwhoseofmeaningDmeaningofwhich3Themanager_companytheyworkedagreed_theirdecision.Awhich,withBinwhich,toCwhose,withDinwhose,with4Look!Thedictionary,_isred,isabirthdaygiftgivenbymyparents.AwhichcoverBthecoverofwhichCthewhosecoverDthatthecover5MrBrown,_,worksasthemanagerofthecompany.AwegothereinhiscarBwegotherebycarCinwhosecarwegothereDbywhosecarwegothere,D,A,D,B,C,As也可以用来引导定语从句.,当先行词与as,so,such,thesame连用或先行词本身是such,thesame时,关系代词用as.As在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。,1.Heisnotsuchamanasonlythinksofhimself.2.IshouldliketousethesamepenasIusedyesterday.3.Suchproblemsasareoftenmentionedshouldbesolved.4.Iwillreadasmanybooksasarerequired.5.Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift.,（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。,Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.,Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.,TomorrowIllbringherethemagazine(which/that)youaskedfor.TomorrowIllbringherethemagazineforwhichyouasked.,Thisistheboy(whom/who/that)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.,ThisistheboywithwhomIplayedtennisyesterday.,Wellgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/who/that)wehaveoftentalkedabout.,Wellgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.,ThemanagerwhosecompanyIworkinpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.ThemanagerinwhosecompanyIworkpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.,注意：1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。,Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.T,Thisisthewatc