现在完成时语法课件

ThePresentPerfectTense现在完成时,（小结）,have/has+动词的过去分词,1.谓语构成：,see-begin-eat-give-hear-take-write-,seen,begun,eaten,given,heard,taken,written,2.时间状语：,already,yet,ever,never,just,before；once,twice；for+时间段；since+时间点/从句(一般过去时)；in/duringthelast+时间段；sofar.,3.Saythedifferences:have/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin,曾经去过某地（表示某人的一种经历）,可与once,twice,already,ever,never等连用。,去某地了,说话时某人已离开此地,在去某地的途中或已在某地。,逗留在某地(已经一段时间)，常和fortendays,sinceIcamehere等连用。,1.WhereisJim?HeWuhan.2.MyparentstheGreatWalltwice.Theylikethereverymuch.youevertotheHappyvalley?HowlongPetertheWestHillfarm?Mysistertheshop.Shewillbebackintwohours.SheShanghai.Sheisnthere.SheShanghai.Sheishere.SheShanghaifortwoyears,hasgoneto,havebeento,Have,beento,has,beenin,hasgoneto,hasgoneto,hasbeento,hasbeenin,4.already-yet,Shehasnotseenthisfilm.Shehasseenthisfilm.Ihavewashedmyhair.Haveyouwashedyourhair?Hehaswatchedtheplay.Hehasnotwatchedtheplay.,已经,还，已经,用于肯定句,用于疑问句,否定句,yet,yet,yet,already,already,already,5.现在完成时中的since与for,IlearnedEnglishfiveyearsago.(用since改写)1.I_Englishsincefiveyears_.2.Fiveyears_sinceI_English.3._fiveyearssinceI_English.,havelearned,ago,haspassed,learned,Itis,learned,现在完成时since一般过去时时间点,现在完成时since一般过去时从句,Itis时间段since一般过去时从句,总结:since的句子结构,判断正误(TorF)Ihaveboughtthecomputerforaweek.()Ihaveleftmyhomesincetwoyearsago.()Howlonghaveyouborrowedthebook?(),F,F,F,非延续性动词的现在完成时态不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+时间段,since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在howlong引导的特殊疑问句。,注意：若与延续性时间状语连用时，非延续性动词改为延续性动词。,结论,open-close-fallasleep-die-become-begin/start-come/go/arrive/get/reach/move-leave-buy-end/finish-borrow-catchacold-,常见非延续性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系如下:,beopen,beclosed,beasleep,bedead,be,beon,bein/at,beaway(from),have,beover,keep,haveacold,判断正误Wehaventmeteachothersinceheleft.(),非延续性动词的否定结构可以与延续性时间状语连用。,T,结论：,翻译句子：1、吉姆买了这只钢笔两年了。2、李雷已经入党两年了。3、那部电影开始30分钟了。,Jim_thepenfortwoyears.,LiLei_thePartyfortwoyears.,Thefilm_forthirtyminutes.,4、自从两年前这家商店就开了。5、那个老人已经死了五年了。6、莉莉六年前就离开家了。,Theshop_sincetwoyearsago.,Theoldman_forfiveyears.,Lily_herhomesincesixyearsago.,现在完成时所表明的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响,强调的是现在的情况,不可以和表示过去的时间状语yesterday,in1991,threedaysagolasttime,lastnight等连用。一般过去时表明的是过去发生的事实,和现在不发生关系。,7.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别,1.Myfather_homefornearlythreeweeks.A.hasgoneawayfromB.hasleftC.hasbeenawayfromD.wentaway2.MrandMrsGreenhave_inChinaforaweek.A.beenB.gotC.arrivedD.reached3.-WheresMary?-Oh,she_thelibrary.A.hasgonetoB.wenttoC.hasbeentoD.hadgoneto4.I_thefilm.Idontwanttoseeitagai