中考连词复习

有一类词在句中的作用是把词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子连接起来，但它又不能在句中单独作句子成分。你知道这类词是什么吗？,Thereisaclassofwordsinasentenceistheroleofyourwords,phrases,sentencesandsentence,butitisnotinthesentenceasseparatesentences.Doyouknowwhatisthisword?,中考英语复习语法部分词法-连词,中考例析,3,2,详解用法,知识概要,1,学习目标,4,课时训练,中考例析,3,连词知识概要,1,用来连接词、短语、从句或句子的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词，在句中不能单独使用。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。,常用并列连词有：1）and2）bothand3）notonlybutalso4）aswellas5）nor6）but7）however,still,yet8）while9）or10）eitheror/neithernor11）so12）then13）for常用从属连词有：1）that2）when,while,as3）after/before4）since5）till/until6）assoonas7）because/since/as8）so/suchthat9）if10）unless=ifnot11）though/although12）asas/than14）as13）whether/if14）so/suchthat,2,详解连词用法,1.常用并列连词的用法,1）and连接语法作用相同的部分.如：LetmeknowwhatyousawandheardinEurope.如果连接的两个名词是指同一个人而有两种身份时,第二个名词前不要加冠词或所有格.如：Herhusbandisasingerandsongwriter.祈使句+and代替条件句.如：Workhardandyouwillpasstheexamination.由and连接两个主语时谓语动词要用复数形式。如：YouandIarefromChina.但是，and前面的主语之前有every,each,no,manya的时候用单数谓语动词.如：Everytrainandbuswascrowdedwithmanypeople.,2）both+主语+and+主语+“复数谓语动词”。如：BothTomandJerryaregoingtothecinema.3）notonlybutalso连接两个主语,谓语动词临近原则如：Notonlyhebutalsohisparentsareverykindtome.4）aswellas“不但.而且，和.一样;和;也”后面的主语不作为成分.连接两个主语的时候，谓语和前主语一致,如：Sheaswellasherfamilyisgoingcampingbyasmalllake.后面如果接动词一定要用动名词.如：Shesingsaswellasplayingthepiano.,2,详解连词用法,5)nor是否定连接词,后面接的句子应倒装.如：Idontknow,nordoIcare.（我不知道，我也不在乎）6）but用来表示转折,如：Hetriedhardbuthewasunsuccessful.还可以用在noone,none,nobody,nothing,all,every等词之后表示”除了以外”。如：Alltheboysbutonearehere.,1.Iwontgotothepartytomorrow.-_youtoldmeyouwould.Whatshappening?A.ButB.SoC.AndD.Or2.Mikedidsomethingwrong,_theheadmasteristalkingwithhim.A.soB.butC.andD.or3.WeboughtMaryapresent,_shedidntlikeitA.andB.butC.orD.so,B,A,B,举一反三学习致用,7）however,still,yet,不过，然而。如：Shehasherweaknesses,yet(but)thatdoesntmeansheisnotgoodforthejob.填填：Heliedtome,Ibelievehim.（but,still)8)or连接句子或词组,表示“或者”之意,如：Whichdoyouprefer,yellow,blueorred?or,也有“否则”的意思.如：Bequick,oryouwillbelate.再试试：Stopcuttingtrees,_theearthwillbecomeworseandworse.A.andB.butC.orD.then,still,C,9)eitheror/neithernor和notonlybutalso并列主语时，谓语动词同样用就近原则.EitherMaryorherparentsaregoingbybus.Thereisneitherelectricitynorfreesuppersinthehotel.NotonlyyoubutalsoIamfromchina.10）so表示因此,相当于therefore,如：Itisverycold.Therefore（so),weshouldstayhere.11）then然后，而后，其次如：IdroppedinatherhouseandthenIwenthome.12）for引导的句子不可以放在句首，之前必须由逗号，表示推论的理由Theymustbegoodfriends,fortheyarealwaystogether.,1）_mymother_mysisterwatchesfootballgamesthesedays.A.Either;orB.Both;andC.either;norD.Neither;or2)Thoughwestudentshave_money_time,wetryoutbesttohelpthem.A.both;andB.neither;norC.either;orD.not;but3)IwouldlikeyoutotalkabouttheGreatWall.-Imsorry,but-Jack-Ihavebeenthere.Aeither,orBneither,norCboth,and,A,B,B,2.常用从属连词的用法,1）that引导名词性从句(主语/宾语/表语从句),同位语从句，定语从句,如：Iwassurprisedtohearthathebecamethepresident.,-whatareyoulookingfor?-Imlookingforthebook_youlentmeyesterday.AthatBwhoCwhat,Theteachersaid_.AthattheearthgoesaroundthesunBThatdoestheearthgoaroundthesunCWheredoyoulive,A,A,2）when,whilewhen当时候，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时。如：WhenIgothome,hewashavingsupper.While正当时，while引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且用进行时，如：Dontmakeanynoisewhileothersarereading.,选选：hewasdoinghishomeworkhisfatherwaswatchingTVAbutBandCwhileTomwastakingashower_AWhiletheUFOlandedBwhentheUFOwaslandingCwhentheUFOlandedDwhiletheUFOlanded,填填：1.Mymotherwaswateringflowersinthegarden_Icameback.Mysisterwasdoingherhomework_Mybrotherwasdrawing.(while,when)2.Whiletheteacher_（talk),Jackmadefaces.,when,c,Wastalking,while,温馨提示,While“与同时“,c,3）after/before“之后”“之前”。如：Afterherhusbanddiedshehadtotakeeverythingonherself.Takethemedicinebeforeyougotobed.,4）since“自从以来”，引导的从句是过去时,一般主句都是现在完成时或现在完成进行时.如：Shehashadanotherbabysincewemet.Wehavebeenlivingheresincewemovedhere.,知识拓展,1.Since也可用作介词，后跟表示过去时间点的名词，如：since1990,sincethreeyearsagoFor后跟时间段，如：fortwomonthsFor可与since互换，如：forfivehours=sincefivehoursago2.句子中有for,since出现，谓语动词需用延续性动词,Theoldmanhasbeendeadforseveralyears.,判断正误：Theoldmanhasdiedforseveralyears.,你会用了吗,Severaldayshaspassed_theaircrash(空难）happened.AafterBasCsince2.WehavestudiedEnglish_threeyears.AinBforCsinceDduring3.Howlonghaveyou-thisbook?-_twodaysago.Aborrowed,sinceBkept,sinceChad,for4.完成句子：自我加入了球队，我们就变成好朋友了。We_goodfriendssinceIjoinedbasketballteam.e,B,B,c,havebeen,从属连词,5）till/until“直到”,其中until较为常用,till是口语.Untilyoutoldme,Ihadheardnothingofwhathappened.notuntil“直到才”,主将从现原则。如：Iwontgountilhecomes.6）assoonas“一就”，主将从现原则。如：IlltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.,用用：完成句子我女儿总是做完作业才出去玩。Mydaughter_toplayuntilshefinishesherhomework.他一到上海就去见他的朋友。Heassoonashe.Anewcar_assoonashe_enoughmoney.Awillbuy,hasBbuys,willhaveCwillbebought,has,Wontgoout,Willmeethisfriend,getstoShanghai,c,从属连词,7）sothat，suchthat,“如此以致”，引导结果状语从句，so后为形容词或副词的原级，such后为名词。如果在名词之前有many,much,little,few时，用so,不用such。如：Hehassolittleeducationthatheisunabletogetajob.Shewassointhisbookthatshereaditmanytimes.,AinterestBinterestingCinterested,c,Mybrotherstudiesso_atschoolthathealwaysgetsthefirstprize.(care)Heis_acutebabythateveryonelikeshim.(so,such),carefully,such,so/suchthat=inorderto/that“以至于“，引导目的状语从句,如：Theysetoutearlysothattheymightarriveintime.SayslowlysothatIcanunderstandit.,从属连词,辨析,8）because/since/as表示直接原因的时候不能用since或as.其他情况可以用since既然，as由于（语气弱）。Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidntgotoschool.,9）unless=ifnot“除非，如果不”，如：Youcannotinterviewhimunlessyougetthepermission.,10）though/although“虽然,尽管”，可以互换,不可以有but，但可以有yet/still.如”Althoughheismuchbetter,yethisfatherisntsatisfied.,练一练：,1.-whyareyoulate?-_theheavytraffic.AsinceBasCbecause2._hedidntcatchupwithothers,_hetriedhisbest.Athough,butBalthough,butCthough,/3.如果你不努力，你就不能通过考试。Youcantpasstheexam_.,C,C,Unlessyoustudyhard,11）whether/if(是否)引导宾语从句,如：Pleasetellmewhetheritistrueornot.Ihaventdecidedwhether/ifIllgowithyou.在介词后,名词后,不定式前和有ornot的句子中用whether.Iamworriedaboutwhethersheishappy.,知识拓展,If用法小结：,“如果”，引导条件状语从句，主将从现。“如果”，引导虚拟语气，if从句用一般过去时，主句用过去将来时。“是否”，引导宾语从句，时态和主句一致。,Illgotothezooifit_tomorrow.AdoesntrainBwillrainCrainsDwontrain2.Idontknow_Ishouldgotothepartyornot.AifBwhyCwhether3.如果我们能为那些贫困的孩子筹集钱的话，他们就得救了。forthepoorchildren,theywouldbesaved.,c,A,Ifweraisedmoney,知识链接,3.常用近义连词的用法辨析,（1）while,when,as都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。1)当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。如：IwasdoingmyhomeworkWhilemotherwascookinglunch.2)当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。如：Astimegoesby,childrenbecomemoreandmoreinterestedinthingsaroundthem.3)表示“一边一边”时，最常用as。如：Ashecaughtthefly,hegavealoudcry.Shelookedbehindfromtimetotimeasshewent.,（2）as,because,since,for都可表原因，但用法有区别。1)如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，或回答why的问句，一般用because，往往放在句末。如：Istayedathomebecauseitrained.-Whyarentyougoing?-BecauseIdontwantto.2)如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。如：Ashewasntready,weleftwithouthim.SinceIhavenomoney,Icantbuyanyfood.3)for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。如：Idecidedtostopandhavelunch，forIwasfeelingquitehungry.,学海无涯,1.Youshouldstudyhard,andyouwontpasstheexam.Youshouldstudyhard,oryouwontpasstheexam.2.Thoughheispoor,butheisreadytohelpothers.Thoughheispoor,heisreadytohelpothers.3.EitheryouorIareonduty.EitheryouorIamonduty.,正误辨析,（3）because,so这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。如：我们不能说“BecauseJohnwasill,soItookhimtothedoctor.”这个句子应改为。或。,Johnwasill,soItookhimtothedoctor.,BecauseJohnwasill,Itookhimtothedoctor,名师点拨,中考例析,3,1WeboughtGrannyapresent,shedidntlikeit.A.butB.andC.orD.so答案A.析由于句意的原因，应选择转折连词。2Runquickly,wellmisstheearlytrain.A.andB.butC.soD.or答案D.析or这里应译为：否则。3Illgivethebooktohimhecomesback.A.sinceB.assoonasC.beforeD.until答案B.析assoonas引出的时间状语从句应用一般现在时表示将来要发生的动作。4Dontcrosstheroadthelightturnsgreen.A.whenB.whileC.untilD.as答案C.析until应译为直到才，因为前面的祈使句为否定句。又如：Shedidnotgotobeduntilhermothercameback.应译为直到她妈妈回来她才睡觉。,名师点拨,中考例析,3,5MissGaohasbeenateacher1990.A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.in答案C.析因为主句为完成时，所以应用since表示该动作的启始点。6-Whichwouldyoulikebetter,teamilk?-Tea,please.A.butB.andC.orD.with答案C.析在疑问句与否定句中应用or来表示一种选择。7Welovespringtheresbeautifulflowerseverywhere.A.thoughB.butC.orD.because答案D.析因为这里表示的是因果关系。8Pleaseleave7,thenyoullbeabletogetthereearlier.A.till,inB.from,/C.before,/D.behind,to答案C.析before为在之前离开。,9Theteacherdidntbeginthelessonallthestudentsstoppedtalking.A.untilB.afterC.ifD.because答案A.析这句应译为直到所有的学生都停止讲话老师才开始上课。因begin为瞬间动词，所以应用否定句。10Bettydidntgotoseethefilmyesterdayshewasill.A.butB.untilC.ifD.because答案D.析这里是表示因果关系，所以应用because。因为她病了所以未去看影。11Youmuststartrightnow,youllmissthetrain.A.forB.andC.soD.or答案D.析or译为否则。本句句意为：你必须马上走了，否则要赶不上火车了。12heisachildofsix,hecanreadandwrite.A.WhoseB.IfC.ThoughD.Because答案C.析这种状语从句在英语中称为让步状语从句，应译为：虽然他才是个6岁的孩子，他却可以读书和写字。,悟解,单项填空1.-WilltheforeignershaveanyproblemstalkingwithChinesein2008?-Idontthinkso.Now_theyoung_theoldcanspeaksomeEnglish.A.eitherorB.notonlybutalsoC.neithernorD.bothor2.Wedidntcatchthetrain_weleftlate.A.soB.becauseC.butD.though3.Tomfailedintheexamagain_hewantedtopassitverymuch.A.ifB.soC.thoughD.as4.Iwontbelievethatthefive-year-oldboycanreadfivethousandwords_Ihavetestedhimmyself.A.afterB.whenC.ifD.until5.Thebookwassointerestingthathehadreaditforthreehours_herealizedit.A.whenB.untilC.afterD.before,4,课时训练,B,B,C,D,D,直击中考,6.-Thisdresswaslastyearsstyle.-Ithinkitstilllooksperfect_ithasgoneoutthisyear.A.sothatB.eventhoughC.asifD.eversince7.Hurryup,_youwillmissthetrain.A.