a-brief-introduction-about-ChinaPPT课件

-,1,ChineseHistory,5stories,-,2,Itisaverylargeandbeautifulcountry.ChinahasalonghistoryandChinesethinkthattheyaredescendantsofthedragon.,-,3,History,-,4,TheGreatWall,ChinasGreatWallisknowntotheworldasoneofthesevengreatwondersoftheworld.TheGreatWall,locatedinNorthChina,runsfromtheeasttothewest,covering15provincesandcities.Itisover6000kilometersinlength.TheGreatWallwasbuiltinancientChinatokeepoutinvaders.MostoftheGreatWallwecanseetodaywasrebuiltinMingdynasty.TheGreatWallisthesymboloftheChinesenationanditsculture.ThereisafamousChinesesaying:HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.,-,5,TheFourGreatInventionsofAncientChina,compass,papermaking,gunpowder,woodblockprinting,-,6,compass,Asweknow,magnetscanfindthedirection.ItisthestereotypeofthefirstcompassinChina-Sinan(south-pointingladle).IntheHanDynasty(202BC-AD220)compassesconsistedofabronzeonwhich24directionswerecarvedandarodmadefromanaturalmagnet.IntheSongDynasty,thefloatingcompassappearedwhichcouldbesuspendedinwater;itisatechniqueminimizingtheeffectofmotionontheinstrumentsurface.Thisenabledthecompasstobeusedforseanavigation.Theinventionofthecompasspromotedmaritimeundertakings,anditsusesoonspreadtotheArabworld,andthentoEurope.,-,7,papermaking,PapermakingisknowntohavebeentracedbacktoChinaabout105CE,whenCaiLun,anofficialattachedtotheImperialcourtduringtheHanDynasty(202BCE-220CE),createdasheetofpaperusingmulberryandotherbastfibresalongwithfishnets,oldrags,andhempwaste.,HoweverarecentarchaeologicaldiscoveryhasbeenreportedfromGansuprovinceofpaperwithlegibleChinesewritingsonitdatingfrom8BCE.ItprovedpaperhadbeenusedinChinaforwrappingandpaddingsincetheeighthcenturyBCE.,-,8,gunpowder,Gunpowderwasinventedinthe9thcenturyinChina,andtheearliestrecordofawrittenformulaforgunpowderappearsinthe11thcenturySongdynastytext,WujingZongyao武经总要.ThisdiscoveryledtotheinventionoffireworksandtheearliestgunpowderweaponsinChina.InthecenturiesfollowingtheChinesediscovery,gunpowderweaponsbeganappearingintheMuslimworld,Europe,andIndia.ThetechnologyspredfromChinathroughtheMiddleEastorCentralAsia,andthenintoEurope.,-,9,woodblockprinting,Printingisaprocessforreproducingtextandimage,typicallywithinkonpaperusingaprintingpress.TheChineseinventionofWoodblockprintingproducedtheworldsfirstprintculture.Cuttheblockalongthegrainofthewoodtheninktheblockandbringitintofirmandevencontactwith,thepapertoachieveanprint.WoodblockPrintingreplacedtheoriginalwayofcopyingthebookinhandwriting,thusbookscanbeprintedoutmorequicklyandinlargeramount.,-,10,SilkRoad,SilkRoad,atradeandculturalexchangesroadwhichhavemorethantwothousandyearsofthehistory.TheSilkRoadreferstotheancienttraderouteconnectingAsiaContinentandEuropeanContinent,usuallyitcanbeclassifiedintoNorthernSilkRoadontheland,SouthernSilkroadonthelandandtheSilkRoadonthesea.,3.TheSilkRoadreferstotheroadopenedupintheHanDynasty,startswithChangan(nowXian)orLuoyang,passwithGansu,XinjiangtoCentralAsia,WestAsia,andlinkstheMediterraneancountrieslandaccess.4.TheSilkRoadhasgreatsignificanceinpromotingethnicblendofartandculturalexchange.And,ithasgreatsignificancetopromotetheprocessofworldcivilizationandprogressofhumansociety.Today,ourresearchanddevelopmentontheSilkRoadwillcreateinestimablevalue.,-,11,ZhenghesvoyagetotheAtlantic,IntheearlyMingDynasty,Chinawasoneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.Inordertotransmititsnationalpowerandstrengthencontactswithothercountries,EmperorChengzusentZhengHetotheWesternOceanmanytimes.In1405,ZhengHeembarkedonhisfirstvoyage.Hisfleetwascomposedofmorethan200shipsandcarriedover20,000men,includingsailors,soldiers,technicalpersonnel,interpretersetc.,andlargeamountsofgoldandsilktobeusedfortradeandasgifts.The,roundtriptooktwoyears.SomeofthecountriesZhengHevisiteddispatchedenvoysbearingtributestotheMingcourtonhisships.ZhengHesvoyageswereagreatfeatintheworldsnavigationhistory.Today,therearestillmanybuildingsinSoutheastAsiadedicatedtohismemory.,-,12,-,13,-,14,TheSpringFestival,TheSpringFestival，alsocalled“theChineseNewYear”，hasbeenthemostsignificantandcelebratedholidayoftheyearfortheChinesenationality.Accordingtothetraditionalcustom,theSpringFestivallastsfromthe23rddayof12thlunarmonthtothe15thdayof1stlunarmonth,andtheclimaxshouldbetheNewYearEveandthefirstda