最新高考英语专题解析课件-基础写作[正反论证]

相关短语,1.theminority/majorityof.少数/大多数2.trafficsafety交通安全3.disapproveof不同意；不赞成4.persuadesb.nottodo.说服某人不做5.followtheadvice听从劝告6.asfarasIamconcerned就我所知,7.carryout实施8.thinkhighlyof高度评价9.agoodsolutionto.一个做的解决好办法10.inaddition此外11.becomemorerebellious变得更加叛逆12.frommyperspective在我看来,13.besuitablefor适合14.haveaheateddiscussion进行一次热烈的讨论15.provideastageforsb.给某人提供一个舞台16.drawtheconclusionthat.得出结论17.keytosuccess成功的秘诀18.focusmoreon.更加关注,相关句式,1.Recentlywehavehadadiscussionaboutwhetherparentsshouldaccompanytheirchildrenatschool.最近我们讨论了父母是否该在学校陪读。2.Nearly70%ofusdisagreebecausetheythinkitmakesthemfallintothehabitofdependence.我们中有将近70%的人不赞同,因为他们认为这会使他们养成依赖性。,3.Whileabout30%ofmyclassmatesthinkitnecessaryforourparentstoaccompanyus.而我的同学中大约30%的人认为父母有必要陪读。4.Somepeoplesayyes,whothinkthattheInternethelpsmakefriendsonline.有些人同意,他们认为互联网有助于网上交友。,5.Myopinionisthatstudentsshouldplacetheirstudy,healthandsafetybeforeotherthings.我的意见是学生应该把学习、健康、和安全放在其他事情之前。,1.基础写作是根据所给的内容组织成文,不是自由发挥。部分考生喜欢在文章中使用“Everycoinhastwosides”过渡,但是这个句子并不包含任何信息点,不适合在基础写作中使用。,2.正反论证的议论文要注意使用转折和对比的词,如however,incontrast,comparedwith等。3.如果文章最后要求考生发表自己观点,考生不能简单地说Iagreewith.或者Idisagreewith.,而是要言之有物,有理有据。,你班同学开展了一场“司机醉驾是否应该处罚乘客”的讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息,给报社写一封信,介绍讨论的情况,并发表你的看法。写作内容,例题导写1.确定文体结构。本文是正反论证,因此正反观点之间的论证应该是属于并列关系,而双方观点的论点和分论点则为总分关系。而最后，考题要求考生写出自己的观点,这个属于对全文的总结。因此,文章的信息点划分非常明确,正反观点各占两个句子,考生的观点应该为最后一个句子。考生可以采用两种方法使自己的观点明确。第一种：第一句的信息点可以包含“少数同学赞成处罚乘客”(总起)和第一个原因,而第二句则讲述第二个原因(递进);第二种：第一句为总起，第二句则包含了两个赞成的理由。陈述“大多数同学反对处罚乘客”这方面也是同理。,2.词汇整理句1：(1)少数同学:theminorityofstudents句2：(2)交通事故:trafficaccidents(3)交通安全:trafficsafety,(4)对负责任:beresponsiblefor句3：(4)大部分学生:themajorityofstudents句4：(5)劝说某人做某事:persuadesb.todosth.(6)听从某人的劝说:followonesadvice,3.难句翻译,句2：不乘坐醉酒司机的车,不仅是对自己负责,也是对司机和路人负责。分析：本句的主语是“不乘坐醉酒司机的车”,因此考生可以考虑使用动词不定式nottodosth.作主语。不仅也可以使用notonly.butalso.或者aswellas这些短语。,翻译:Nottorideinacardrivenbyadrunkendriverisnotonlyaresponsiblebehaviorforpassengersthemselvesbutalsoforthedriversandotherpeopleontheroad./Nottorideinacardrivenbyadrunkendriverisresponsibleforpassengersthemselvesaswellasthedriversandotherpeopleontheroad.,句4：即使乘客知道司机饮酒,如果司机不听从乘客的劝诫,处罚乘客是不公平的。分析：本句的主句是“处罚乘客是不公平的”,考生可以考虑用it作形式主语的句型itisunfairto.，而“即使”可以使用evenif引导的让步状语从句。翻译:Evenifthepassengerknowsthedriverhasdrunkalcoholandhasattemptedtopersuadethedrivernottodrive,itisunfairtopunishthepassengerwhenthedriverdoesnotfollowtheadvice.,4.连句成文,(1)不同意某个观点:disagreewithsb./beagainsttheopinionthat/disapproveoftheidea(2)表述“转折”的连接词:although/instead/ratherthan/nevertheless/otherwise/ontheonehand.ontheotherhand.,(3)表示“对照”的连接词(3)whereas/incontrast/unlike/onthecontrary/while/bycontrast/comparedwith(4)表示“让步”的连接词(4)afterall/inspiteof/still/provided/whileitistrue.,参考范文DearEditor，Imwritingtotellyouaboutthediscussionwevehadaboutwhetherpassengerswhorideinacardrivenbyadrunkendrivershouldbepunished.Theminorityofthestudentsholdtheopinionthatpunishingthepassengershelpstoreducetrafficaccidentsandincreasetrafficsafety.,Nottorideinacardrivenbyadrunkendriverisnotonlyaresponsiblebehaviorforpassengersthemselvesbutalsoforthedriversandotherpeopleontheroad.Themajorityofthestudents,however,disapproveoftheidea,statingthatitisdifficultforcommonpassengerstoknowwhetherthedriverhasbeendrinkingornot.,Whatsmore,evenifthepassengerknowsthedriverhasdrunkalcoholandhasattemptedtopersuadethedrivernottodrive,itisunfairtopunishthepassengerwhenthedriverdoesnotfollowtheadvice.AsfarasIamconcerned,punishingpassengersaswellasthedriversisnotonlyunfairbutisalsohardtocarryout.Yourssincerely，LiHua,能力提高1.短语翻译(1)尽管:despite/inspiteof/although/though(2)由于:dueto/becauseof/owingto/onaccountof(3)然而:however/yet,(4)因为:because/since/as(5)此外:Besides/Whatsmore/Inaddition/Furthermore/Moreover(6)即使:evenif/eventhough(7)总之:Ingeneral/Inshort/Allinall/Todrawaconclusion/Onthewhole,(8)但是:but(9)导致:bringabout/giveriseto/leadto/resultin(10)与无法相比:cantbecomparedwith,2.作文填空Wehavehadaclassmeetingtodayonwhetherweshouldgivemoneytobeggarsandwehavedifferentopinions.Somebelievethatweshouldgivemoneytothosewhoareinbadneedofourhelp.Amongthesebeggarsaretheelderly，drop-outsandthedisabled,whocanhardlymakealiving1_oldage,povertyorphysicalinability.,dueto/becauseof/owingto,Manymorestudents,2_,thinkweshouldntgivethemmoney3_mostofthebeggarsarebegginginthehopeofearningsomeeasymoney.4_,togivemoneywouldencouragethemtobelazy5_theyhavetheabilitytowork.6_,_weshouldhelpthepeopleoftheinferiorgroup,7_weshouldremainsensiblewhengivingthemmoney.,but,however,because/since/as,Besides/Whatsmore/Inaddition/Furthermore,Ingeneral/Inshort/Allinall/Todrawa,conclusion,3.翻译句子(8)尽管自行车有很多明显的优点,但是它也存在它的问题,因为在速度和舒适度等方面,自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。,Despitemanyobviousadvantagesofbicycle,itisnotwithoutitsproblemsbecausebicyclecantbecomparedwithothermeansoftransportationlikecarandtrainforspeedandcomfort.,(9)很多人存在这样的误解,认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然,他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。,Alargenumberofpeopletendtoliveundertheillusionthat/wronglybelievethattheyhavecompletedtheireducationwhentheyfinishtheirschooling.Obviously,theyseemtofailtotakeintoaccountthebasicfactthatapersonseducationisamostimportantaspectofhislife.,(10)越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而,越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法,他们抱怨民工给城市带来了很多严重的问题,如：犯罪等。,Anincreasingnumberofexpertsbelievethatmigrantswillhavepositiveeffectsontheconstructionofcities.However,thisopinionisnowbeingquestionedbymoreandmorecityresidents,whocomplainthatthemigrantshavebroughtabout/givenriseto/ledto/resultedinmanyseriousproblemslikecrime.,最近一则关于“狼爸”通过严厉的家教,甚至鞭打子女促使他们考上北大的报道掀起了讨论的热潮。你们学校上周末也因此开展了一场“IsWolfDadapproachwrong?”的讨论,你对辩论赛作了一份总结。,写作内容1.以上表格的内容；2.你的看法。,参考词汇：rebelliousadj.叛逆的,参考范文Lastweekend,adebatewasheldinmyschoolaboutwhetherWolfDadapproachiswrongandstudentsholddifferentopinions.20%ofthestudentsthinkhighlyofWolfDadapproachbecausetheyfirmlybelievethatitcanteachachildself-discipline,whichisveryimportantfortheirgrowth.Whatismore,toomanyChinesechildrenareruinedwithexcessiveloveandcaresoWolfDadapproachisagoodsolutiontothisbigproblem.,However,themajorityofthestudentsdisapproveofthisapproach,believingthatitisrudeandevenillegal.Inaddition,childrenmaybecomemorerebelliousanditismoreimportantforthemtohaveahappychildhood.Frommyperspective,WolfDadapproachistooextremeandisnotsuitableforeveryfamily.,精华点评,在正反论证的议论文中,在表达观点的时候,很多考生只是会用theythink,agree,disagree等简单低级的词汇。考生要注意语言的丰富性。在而本范文则使用了多个不同的词组：thinkhighlyof,firmlybelievethat,disapproveof和believingthat。,另外考生不要把基础写作看成简单的翻译,如“解决中国父母过分溺爱孩子的问题”倘若简单翻译为solvetheproblemofChineseparentsspoilingtheirchildren,语法上虽然没有错,但是并不地道,因此可以根据信息点的语意和内在逻辑对句子改造为“孩子受到过分的宠爱,而狼爸方法可以解决这个问题：ToomanyChinesechildrenareruinedwithexcessiveloveandcaresoWolfDadapproachisagoodsolutiontothisbigproblem.,如今,选美比赛在青少年中越来越普及,因此你们班就此开展了一场“Shouldbeautycontestsbeheldamongteenagers?”的讨论,请你根据下面表格内容写一份总结。,参考范文Recentlyourclasshashadaheateddiscussionaboutwhetherbeautycontestsshouldbeheldamongteenagers.Somestudentsholdtheopinionthatloveofbeautyispartofhumannature,sobeautycontestsnotonlyprovideastageforpeopletoshowofftheirbeautybutalsoagoodchancetoappreciatebeauty.,Beautycontests,intheiropinion,canhelpimproveteenagerstas