《四级翻译清明节》PPT课件

ClearandBright,ThetraditionalChineselunarcalendardividestheyearinto24solarterms.ClearandBright(Chinese:清明),the5thsolarterm,startsthisyearonApr4andendsonApr19.Ofallthe24solarterms,ClearandBrightistheonlyonewhosefirstdayisalsoatraditionalChinesefestival,QingmingFestivalorTomb-SweepingDay.Thewordsclearandbrightdescribetheweatherduringthisperiod.Temperaturesbegintoriseandrainfallincreases,makingitacrucialtimeforplowingandsowinginthespring.,ClearandBrightisaperiodinwhichChinesepeoplehonornatureandtheancestorsoftheChinesenation.Theworshipofnatureandancestorscanbetracedtoancienttimes,andstillmattersalotinmodernsociety.Cleaningthetombsandpayingrespecttothedeadwithofferingsarethetwoimportantpracticestorememberlaterelatives.Weedsaroundthetombareclearedawayandfreshsoilisaddedtoshowcareforthedead.Thedeadpersonsfavoritefood,wineandchopsticksareofferedontheirtombs,alongwithpapermoney.Thesesacrificesareallburnedinthehopethatthedeceasedwillnotlackfoodandmoneyintheafterlife.,SpringOutingsNotonlyisitaperiodforcommemoratingthedead,itisalsotimeforpeopletogooutandenjoynature.Astreesturngreen,flowersblossom,andthesunshinesbrightly,everythingreturnstolife.Itisafinetimetoappreciatethebeautyofnature.ThiscustomcanbetracedbacktotheSpringandAutumnPeriod(770476BC)andWarringStatesPeriod(475221BC).Strollingoutsideinspringaddsjoytolifeandpromotesahealthybodyandmind.,FlyingKitesFlyingkitesisanactivityfavoredbymanyChineseduringTomb-SweepingDay.Kitesarenotonlyflownduringthedaytimebutalsointheevening.Littlelanternsaretiedtothekiteortothekitestring.Andwhenthekitesareflyinginthesky,thelanternslookliketwinklingstarsatnight.Whatmakesflyingkitesduringthisdayspecialisthatpeoplecutthestringwhilethekiteisintheskytoletitflyfree.Itissaidthisbringsgoodluckandthatdiseasescanbechasedawaybydoingthis.,农历：节气：清明祭祖：扫墓：踏青：春秋时期：战国时期：,solarterm,ClearandBright,Chineselunarcalendar,worshiptheancestor,cleanthetombs,SpringOuting,SpringandAutumnPeriod,WarringStatesPeriod,Translation,清明节(TombSweepingDay)是中国最重要的传统节日之一。它起源于周朝（theZhouDynasty），有2500多年的历史。清明节是中国人扫墓祭祖的重要日子。扫墓时，人们携带酒食果品和纸钱到墓地，将食物供祭在亲人墓前，为坟墓添加新土、焚烧纸钱、行礼祭拜、最后吃掉酒食回家。除了扫墓，人们还参与包括荡秋千、放风筝等各种活动。,清明节：扫墓：祭拜祖先：焚烧纸钱:行礼祭拜：荡秋千：,ChingMingFestival;,TheTomb-sweepingFestival,tomb-sweeping,offersacrificestotheirancestors,kneeldowninprayer,swinging,burnpapermoney,Notes：,1.第2句“它起源于周朝，有2500多年”中含有两个并列的动词“起源”和“有”，如果直译成并列结构，句子略显生硬，故把后半句处理成介词短语withahistoryofmorethan2,500years。,ItstartedfromtheZhouDynastywithahistoryofmorethan2,500years.,2.第3句的主干是“清明节是中国人扫墓祭祖的重要日子”，“日子”如果再译为day则与TheTombSweepingDay中的day重复，英语行文中忌讳重复用词，故换用同义单词occasion。其修饰成分较长，故把修饰成分放于occasion之后,作后置定语。,TheTombSweepingDayisanimportantoccasionforpeopletosweepthetombsandoffersacrificestotheirancestors.,3.第4句“扫墓时，人们携带酒食果品和纸钱到墓地，将食物供祭在亲人墓前，为坟墓添加新土、焚烧纸钱、行礼祭拜、最后吃掉酒食回家。”是典型的汉语句式：散句多、按照横排式表达。汉译英时应采用“断句”译法。根据动作先后关系，将整句话断为两个句子，“人们携带到墓地”为一个句子。“将食物吃掉酒食回家”为一连串动作的描述。采用并列排序方式合为另一句。句末的“吃掉酒食”如译为eatupthefoodandthewine则不符合英文的动宾搭配。和wine搭配的动调应为drink，故应表达为eatupthefoodanddrinkthewine。,最后一句“除了扫墓，人们还参与包括荡秋千、放风筝等各种活动”的“参与”与后面的“活动”搭配。故译成attend或takepartin等。,Apartfromsweepingthetombs,peoplealsotakepartinavarietyofactivities,suchasplayingonaswing,flyingkites,etc.,TheTombSweepingDayisoneofthemostimportanttraditionalfestivalsinChina.ItstartedfromtheZhouDynastywithahistoryofmorethan2,600years.TheTombSweepingDayisanimportantoccasionforpeopletosweepthetombsandoffersacrificestotheirancestors.Whenvisitingtombs,peoplecarrywine,food,fruitsandpapermoney.Theyputthefoodinfrontofthetombs,addsomefreshsoiltothetombs,burnpapermoney,kneeldowninprayerandworshipt