广东高考英语阅读理解考点突破-最佳标题

Readingcomprehension,1、主旨归纳题(mainidea)2、细节理解题(questionsofdetails)3、推理判断题(questionsofinference)4、词义猜测题(wordsincontext),“得阅读者，得天下”让我们一起努力，征服阅读，战胜高考！LetsconquerEnglish,最佳标题（Besttitle）,该题型考查考生对文章的主题、标题、中心思想的理解程度及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。常见题型为最佳标题（title）或中心思想（mainidea）。做这类题时常用跳读法。快速阅读文章找出各个段落的主题句，然后把各个段落的主题句联系起来，着眼于全文结构安排了解文章的重心，这样就能概括出文章的中心。,通常情况下主题句在文中的位置:,干扰项的陷阱文章的标题是中心思想最精练的表达形式，1.选择的标题意义范围要能涵盖全文，不能太大，也不能太小2.命题者在出此类题时，往往利用生活常识编造干扰项，3.把文中的细节当主旨或只言片语，利用局部信息编造干扰项，4.编制超出文章范围的标题或不能涵盖文章中心思想的标题来考查学生的理解程度。对选择标题类题，若遇到实在拿不太准的情况，不妨自己思考一下：“如果是我写这个题目，我会怎样写？”,解题的小窍门：1.正确选项常含有抽象名词或概括性词语。2.正确的选项一般不出现细节信息，不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词。3.那些概括全文、内容全面、含义深刻、说明道理的选项往往有一个正确答案。4.四个选项中，内容相近或完全相反的两个选项中往往有一个正确答案。5.干扰项特点：A:概括范围太窄，只含局部信息。B:概括范围太宽，所表达的内容超出或多于文章阐述的内容。C:无关信息：即文章中未提到、或找不到语言依据的信息。,解题技巧点拨1.段落中出现转折时，该句可能是主题句。2.作者有意识的重复的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。3.提出文章的主旨时常伴有文字提示，如：therefore,thus,but,however,infact,inshort等等。4.首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答就是文章的主旨。方法：跳读法（skimming）寻找title,mainidea.,Whenitcomestofriends,Idesirethosewhowillsharemyhappiness,whopossesswingsoftheirownandwhowillflywithme.Iseekfriendswhosequalitiesilluminate（照亮）meandtrainmeupforlove.ItisforthesepeoplethatIreservetheglowinghours,toogoodnottoshare.WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,Ihadafriend.-WhenIlivedforatimeinLondon,Ihadafriend,-ForalmostfouryearsIhavehadremarkablefriendwhoseimaginationilluminatesmine.-ItissuchcomfortingcompanionsIwishtokeep.Onebrighthourwiththeirkindisworthmoretomethanthelifetimeservicesofapsychologist（心理学家），whowillonlyfillupthehealing（愈合的）silencenecessarytothosedarkestmomentsinwhichIwouldratherbemyownbestfriend.,Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.UnforgettableExperiencesB.RemarkableImaginationC.LifelongFriendshipD.NobleCompanions,阅读下列短文或选段,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项。(1)2009湖北卷WhenIwassevenmyfathergavemeaTimex,myfirstwatch.Ilovedit,woreitforyears,andhaventhadanotheronesinceitstoppedtickingadecadeago.Why?BecauseIdontneedone.IhaveamobilephoneandImalwaysnearsomeonewithaniPodorsomethinglikethat.Allthesedevices(装置)tellthetime-whichiswhy,ifyoulookaround,youllseelotsofemptywrists;salesofwatchestoyoungadultshavebeengoingdownsince2007.,考点击破,Butwhilethewisehaverealizedthattheydontneedthem,others-apparentlyincludingsomedistinguishedmenofourtime-arespendingtotalfortunesonthem.BrandssuchasRolex,PatekPhilippeandBreitlingcommandshockingprices,upto250,000forapiece.Butthesedaysallwatchestellthetimeaswellasallotherwatches.Sowhypaythatmuchoffiveyearsschoolfeesforwatchesthatallowyoutodothesethings?,Watchesarenowclassifiedas“investments”(投资).A1994Philipperecentlysoldfornearly350,000,while1960sRolexeshavegonefrom15,000to30,000plusinayear.Butawatchisnotaninvestment.Itsaamatteroffashion.Butwhenfashionmoveson,theownerofthat350,000beautywillsuddenlyfindhisprideandjoyisnomoreagoodinvestmentthanmychildhoodTimex.,64.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TimexorRolex?B.MyChildhoodTimexC.Watches?NotforMe!D.Watches-aValuableCollection,(1)C。根据寻找主题句的第(3)个小窍门“首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨”可知Why?后面的便是主题句，与此相符的只有选项C正确。,(2)2009福建卷Wealreadyknowthefastest,leastexpensivewaytoslowclimatechange:Uselessenergy.Withalittleeffort,andnotmuchmoney,mostofuscouldreduceourenergydietsby25percentormoredoingtheEarthafavorwhilealsohelpingourwallets.Scientistshavereportedrecentlythattheworldisheatingupevenfasterthanpredictedonlyafewyearsago,andthattheconsequencescouldbesevereifwedontkeepreducingemissions（排放）ofcarbondioxide（CO2）andothergreenhousegasesthataretrappingheatinouratmosphere.,Wedecidedtotryanexperiment.ForonemonthwerecordedourpersonalemissionsofCO2.Wewantedtoseehowmuchwecouldcutback,sowewentonastrictdiet.TheaverageUShousehold(家庭)producesabout150poundsofCO2adaybydoingcommon-placethingsliketurningonair-conditioningordrivingcars.ThatsmorethantwicetheEuropeanaverageandalmostfivetimestheglobalaverage,mostlybecauseAmericansdrivemoreandhavebiggerhouses.Buthowmuchshouldwetrytoreduce?,“Tostaybelowthatpoint,weneedtoreduceCO2emissionsby80percent,”hesaid.,Goodadvice,Ithought.Wedgottensousedtokeepingourair-conditioninggoingaroundtheclock.Idalmostforgottenthewindowsevenopened.Weshouldnotletthishappenagain.Itstimeforustochangeourhabitsifnecessary.79.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.SavingEnergyStartsatHomeB.ChangingOurHabitsBeginsatWorkC.ChangingClimateSoundsReasonableD.ReducingEmissionsofCO2ProvesDifficult,(2)A。由第一段基本可以判断出答案了，再结合全文内容，及最后一句可知，改变家庭生活习惯便可节能减排。,Onhearingthewords“Justdoit!”,youwillknowthereisaNikeproductnearby.Ifits“AlwaysCoca-cola”,youcanbesuresomeonewantstosellyouarefreshingdrink.Anadvertisingsloganistobrandwhateyesaretoaperson.Thesloganhelpspeopleunderstandthebrandbetterbytellingthemwhatitwantstoselltoitscustomers.Goodslogansleaveamessageinpeoplesminds.Itsalmostcertainthateverybrandhasapopularslogan.“Justdoit!”asloganthatspeaksouttoteens.Ittellsthemtodosomething,butonlyiftheythinkitsworthit.Andifso,whynotdoitwearingNike?,Question:Whatwouldbebesttitleforthetext?A.JustDoIt!B.SloganandBrandC.FamousSlogansD.WhatIsaGoodSlogan?,Atlanta,GA,June20,2008ScientistsbelievetheyhavefoundiceonMars.ThePhoenixMarsLandershowedbitsofwhatappearedtobeicewhilediggingatrench(沟)neartheMartianNorthPole.Piecesofbrightmaterialphotographedinthetrenchlaterdisappeared,meaningtheyarelikelytohavebeenfrozenwaterthatvaporized(蒸发)afterbeinguncovered.TheNASAsinvestigator(调查员)PeterSmith,oftheUniversityofArizona,said,“Theselittlepiecescompletelydisappearedoverthecourseofafewdays,whichclearlymakesusbelievethatitsice.Therehadbeensomequestionwhetherthebrightmaterialwassalt.Saltcantdothat.”,ThePhoenixMarsLanderisstudyingwhetherthearcticareaoftheRedPlanetcouldbelivedin.Itsusingitsroboticarmtodigupsomesoilandscientistshavebeenhopingitwillfindfrozenwater.Question:Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe_.A.PhoenixMarsLanderB.LiveonMarsC.PhoenixMarsLanderdiscovers“ice”D.Agreatstepintoouterspace,Shoppingisnotassimpleasyoumaythink!Thereareallsortsoftricksatplayeachtimewereachoutforthatparticularbrandofproductontheshelf.Coloring,forexample,variesaccordingtowhattheproducersaretryingtosell.Healthfoodsarepackagedingreens,yellowsorbrownsbecausewethinkoftheseashealthycolors.Icecreampacketsareoftenblueandexpensivegoods,likechocolates,aregoldorsilver.Thesizeofaproductcanattractashopper.Butquiteoftenabottledoesntcontainasmuchasit,appearsto.Itisbelievedthatthebetter-knowncompaniesspend,onaverage,70percentofthetotalcostoftheproductitselfonpackaging!(04广东)Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?A.ChoiceofGoodProductsB.DisadvantagesofProductsC.EffectofPackagingonShoppingD.BrandNamesandShoppingTricks,Areyousometimesalittletiredandsleepyintheearlyafternoon?Manypeoplefeelthiswayafterlunch.Theymaythinkthateatinglunchisthecauseofthesleepiness.Orinsummer,theymaythinkitistheheat.However,therealreasonliesinsidetheirbodies.Atthattime-abouteighthoursafteryouwakeup-yourbodytemperaturegoesdown.Thisiswhatmakesyouslowdownandfeelsleepy.Scientistshavetestedsleephabitsinexperimentswheretherewasnonightorday.Thepeopleintheseexperimentalmostalwaysfollowedasimilarsleepingpattern.Theysleptforonelongperiodandthenforoneshortperiodabouteighthourslater.(四川),Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.JustforaRestB.AllforanapC.ASpecialSleeppatternD.TakingnapsinWarmerClimate,Differentculturesemphasizetheimportanceofrelationshipbuildingtoagreaterorlesserdegree.Forexample,businessinsomecountriesisnotpossibleuntilthereisarelationshipoftrust.Talkandsilencemayalsobedifferentinsomecultures.IoncemadeaspeechinThailand.Ihadexpectedmyspeechtobeasuccessandstartalivingdiscussion;insteadtherewasanuncomfortablesilence.Inmyownculture,weexpressmeaningmainlythroughwords,butpeopletheresometimesfeeltoomanywordsareunnecessary.EvenwithinNorthernEurope,culturaldifferencescancauseseriousproblems.Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavedifferentvalues,andsometimesthesevaluesarequiteagainsteachother-(安徽)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MulticulturalEnvironmentB.Cross-CulturalDifferencesC.HowtoUnderstandEachOtherD.HowtoBuildupaRelationship,Doyouwanttolivewithastrongsenseofpeacefulness,happiness,goodness,andself-respect?Thecollectionofhappinessactionsbroadlycategorizedas“honor”helpyoucreatethislifeofgoodfeelings.Heresanexampletoshowhowhonorableactionscreatehappiness.-Thereisabeautifulpositivecyclethatiscreatedbylivingalifeofhonorableactions.Honorablethoughtsleadtohonorableactions.Honorableactionsleadustoahappierexistence.Andits,easytothinkandacthonorableagainwhenwerehappy.Whilethepositivecyclecanbedifferenttostart,onceitsstarted,itseasytocontinue.Keepingondoinggooddeedsbringsuspeaceofmind,whichisimportantforourhappiness.(07广东)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.HowtoLiveTruthfullyB.ImportanceofPeacefulnessC.WaysofGainingSelf-respectD.HappinessthroughHonorableActions,OneAugustafternoon,RichardAllendroppedoffhislastpassenger,Mrs.Carey.Liftingtwogrocerybags,hefollowedheracrosstheyardandstoodonthestepofherhouse.Glancingup,hesawalargewasps（黄蜂）nestundertheroof-Shesteppedquicklyinside.Allenranforhisminibus.Toolate;Ashewasdrivingdowntheroad,Allenfeltasifsomethingwasburningatthebackofhisneck,andthe“fire”wasspreadingforwardtowardhisface-Milesfromthenearestmedicalassistance,Allenbegantofeelhistonguethickandheavyandhisheartbeat-Rushingdownthemountain,Allentriednottopanic,focusinghismindoneachsharp-Holdon,Allenthought.Keepyoureyesopen.Breathe.Keepawake.Atlasthereachedthestation.Twofiremenranout.Allenfelttheirhandsgrasphimbeforehehittheground.Youmadeit,hethought.,Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Allen,AHelplessDriverB.Wasps,BloodyKillersC.ARaceAgainstDeathD.WarAgainstWasps,6Magellansmenwerethefirsttomakethetriparoundtheworld.Ittookthemmorethantwoyearstodosobyship.MagellanwasfromPortugal,buthesailedfortheKingofSpain.OnSeptember20,1519,heleftSpainwithfiveshipsand240men.AfterpassingthetripofSouthAmerica,theyreachedthePacificOcean,onwhichtheysailedmorethanoneyear.Veryoftentheycouldnotseeapieceoflandformonthsandtheysufferedgreatlyfromthelackoffoodandfreshwater.Manyofth