高考英语语法之代词讲解与练习

代词高考考查最多的是不定代词，因为不定代词是整个代词中最为活跃的部分，其次是名词性物主代词和反身代词。一.代词的分类单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格Iyouhe she itweyouthey宾格meyouhim her itusYouthem物主代词形容词性myyourhis her itsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshis hers itsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimself herself itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves指示代词this that suchthese those such相互代词宾格each other one another所有格each others one anothers不定代词可数one each, many, (a) few ,both, another, either., neither不可数much, (a) little可数不可数any other all some复合不定代词anyone anybody anything somebody something someone everyone everything everybody nobody nothing疑问代词who whom whose which what连接代词who whom whose which what关系代词who whom whose which that二.代词的用法1.人称代词在句中作主语用主格，在句中作宾语,则用宾格；She teaches them physics.在句中作表语常用宾格；Who is it? Its me.但有时要用主格：It was I who told him the whole story.在强调句型中,强调的是主语,故I用主格。两个或两个以上的人称代词并列时，其顺序是：单数按2，3，1人称排列，复数按1，2，3人称顺序排列。you, she and I ; we, you and they2.物主代词形容词性物主代词只能作宾语We love our motherland.名词性物主代词可用作主语,表语和宾语Your coat is black while mine is red.3.反身代词用作宾语、表语，或主语、宾语的同位语He teaches himself Japanese every evening.（宾语）She is not quite herself today.她今天身体不太舒服。（表语）I myself can repair the bike.（主语的同位语）常用含有反身代词的惯用语归纳by oneself= alone 独自 for oneself独立、为自己be oneself处于正常状态,显得自然 enjoy oneself玩得愉快seat oneself坐下 dress oneself in 给自己穿devote oneself to专心于、献身于 help oneself to 不用客气come to oneself苏醒 make oneself at home 不要客气4.指示代词this和that是近指, that和those 是远指I dont want this book. I want that one.有时为了避免重复，常用that/ those 来代表前面出现过的名词At this time of year，the weather here is much colder than that in Nanjing.such的用法such 一般在句中作定语和主语.用作定语时,它所修饰的名词前的不定冠词应放在之后。Such is my answer.Such are the results of the exams.I have never seen such beautiful flowers.用作定语时,它所修饰的名词前的不定冠词应放在such之后such a good book。5.相互代词在句中可作宾语They help each other and learn from each other.加s后成为所有格,作定语They asked about one anothers life and work.6.不定代词不定代词区 别one, some，any和it some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。one可以泛指人或者事（东西），其复数为ones。some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。each和everyeach强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。all和bothboth指两个人或物,而all指三个以上的人或物. 在句中都可作主语，宾语,表语,同位语和定语either和neither前者意思为：两者中任何一方都；后者意思为：两者都不。few和little;a few和a littlefew 和little 表示没有多少,含否定意义,而a few 和a little表示一些,有几个,含肯定意义.另外, few与a few修饰可数名词, little与 alittle 修饰不可数名词。此外quite a few , quite a little意思是“不少,相当多的”。练习：1 Our neighbors gave_ _a baby bird yesterday that hurt_ _when it fell from its nest. A. us, it B. us, itself C. ourselves, itself D. ourselves,it2 To save class time, our teacher has _ students do half of the exercise in class and complete the other half for homework. A. us B. we C. our D. ours 3 Some of the stamps belong to me, while the rest are _. A. him and her B. his and hers C. his and her D. him and hers4 Who called me this morning when I was out? A man calling _ Robert. A. him B. himself C. his D.不填5 Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _ after an injury? A. himself B. him C. itself D. it6 He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller. When was _? _ was in 2000 when he was still in college. A. that; This B. this; It C. it; This D. that; It7 If you cant decide which of the two books to borrow, why dont you take _? I wont read them this week. A. all B. any C. either D. both8 You may drop in or just give me a call. _ will do. A. Either B. Each C. Neither D. All9 Of all the books on the desk,_ is of any use for our study. A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none 10 It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which _ of the parents spoke the language. A. none B. neither C. both D. each11 Theres _ cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get _? A. little; some B. little; any C. a little; some D. a little; any 12 Would you like _, sir? No, thanks. I have had much. A. some more orangesB. any more orangesC. some more orangeD. any more orange13 Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones B. one C. that D. those14 Weve been looking at houses but havent found _we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them15 There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow ?No, Id rather buy in the bookstore. A. it; one B. one; one C. one; it D. it; it16 One weeks time has been wasted. I cant believe we did all that work for _.A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything17 She doesnt know anyone here. She has got _to talk to. A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. no one18 If I can help_, I dont like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them19 Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer. A. that B. it C. this D. you20 (全国II) Charles was alone at home, with _ looking after him. A. someone B. anyone C. not one D. no one21 (全国II) The CDs are on sale！Buy one and you get _ completely free. A. other B. others C. one D. ones22 (上海卷) Wow! Youve got so many clothes.But _ of them are in fashion now. A. all B. both C. neither D. none23 (四川卷)I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy_. A. one B. it C. this D. that24 (全国I卷) Ill spend half of my holiday practicing English and _ half learning drawing.A. another B. the other C. others D. other 25 (安徽卷)You are the team star! Working with _ is really your cup of tea.A. both B. either C. others D. the othe